动词辨析

动词词义辨析题主要是考察在特定语境中常用动词的基本意义和用法﹑常见近义词的细微差别及其习惯搭配等listen,hearlisten:vi.强调听的过程，常与介词to连用IbutIcouldn’t______anything.I______thatyouhavelearntthreeforeignlanguages.Jim’smotherhaven’t________himforalongtime.hear:听见，强调结果，后直接跟宾语,也可跟宾语从句;搭配的词组有:hearfromsb收到某人的来信hearofsb/sth听说…listenedhearheardfromhearlook,see,watch,readlook:vi.看（动作）see:vt.看见（结果）seeafilmseesbdobeseentodowatch:vt.观看(动作)watchTVwatchamatchread:vt.看（书，报等文字的东西）lookat/like/after/up/down/over/for/outof/1).________out!Acarisflyingtowardyou.2).Theboylikestositbyand_________theothersplayballgames.3).Canyou_________abirdinthetree?________,it’sbehindtheleaves.4).Heoften_________magazinesinthelibraryafterlunch.5).He____________intotheholebuthecouldn’t_______________anything.6)Heboughtamapand________itcarefully.&)Doyoulike_________thefootballgame?用see,look,watch,read适当形式填空Looksee/watchseeLookreadslookedseereadwatchingspend,take,cost,payspend“花费(时间或金钱)”,主语是人常用结构:sb.spendtime/moneyonsth.Ispent50yuanonthehandbag.sb.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.JennyspendshalfanhourreadingEnglisheverymorning.pay“花费(金钱);付款”,主语是人,常用结构:sb.paymoneyforsth.Ipaid50yuanforthehandbag.cost“花费(金钱);值(多少钱)”,主语是物,常用结构:sth.costsb.moneyThehandbagcostme50yuan.take“花费(时间)”,主语是it,常用结构:Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.IttookJennyhalfanhourtoreadEnglisheverymorning.spend,take,cost,pay1).She________twodollarsonthebookyesterday.Thebook_________heronlytwodollars.Andit_________herfiveminutes_______(read)itthrough.2).Ispenttwohours________(finish)thehardwork.3).Plantingthetrees__________themtwodays.4).Mymother_______twentyyuanforthepenlastweek.spentcosttookfinishingtakestoreadpaidtake:Taketheboxtherebring:Bringthatboxheretake,bring,get,carry,fetchtake“拿走;带走”,表示“拿离说话者处”Wouldyoumindtakingthebookstotheclassroom?bring“带来;拿来”,表示“拿到说话者处”Don’tforgettobringyourhomeworktoschool.get“拿;带”,表示“带给某人”,没有方向性Couldyougoandgetmesomewater?carry“扛;搬”,表示“用力移动”,没有方向性Thesuitcaseistooheavytocarry.fetch“去取;去拿”,表示“往返拿物”Don’tworryaboutthekey.Icanfetchitforyou.1).Please______theballtotheteacher’soffice,willyou?2).Couldyouhelpme________theheavybox?3).Youmust________yourcompositionbackwhenyoucomeherenexttime.4).Nooneisallowed________thenewspaperoutofthelibrary.5).Ourshopdoesn’tletpeople_________foodin.6).You’dbetter_________yourumbrellawhenyouleave.7).Heforgot___________histextbookagain.Theteacherwasveryangry.8).Somepeoplearebusy_________waterforus.10)Wouldyoulike_____somethingtoeat?takecarrybringtotakebringtaketobringcarryingtogettake,bring,get,carrydress“给……人”穿衣”,及物动词,宾语是人Motherwasdressingherbaby.相关短语:dressoneselfThechildisoldenoughtodresshimself.dresssbup“盛装打扮,乔装打扮”Theyoungwomandressedherselfupandshowedoffattheparty.puton“穿上;戴上”,强调动作反义词组takeoffJohnputonhiscoatandwentout.dress,puton,wear,bein,tryonwear“穿着;戴着”,强调状态Lucyiswearingshinyclothestoday.bein“穿着;戴着”,表示状态,后可直接跟颜色的名词IsJim’smotherinaredsweater?No,sheisinbluetoday.tryon:试穿注：名词可以放在短语后面或中间，代词只可放中间Iliketheshoes.Letmetry_____on.Ilikethepairofshoes.Letmetry_____on.themit1).TodayMr.Li____________aredT-shirtandapairofwhitetrousers.2).Youcan_________thehatbeforeyoudecidetobuyit.3).Itiscoldoutside._________yourcoatwhenyougoout.4)Thewoman____aredcoatisLucy’smother.5)Tomistooyoungto_________himself.Putoniswearingtryonindresslookfor,find,findoutlookfor:寻找（强调动作）find:找到（强调结果）findout:找出，查明（强调通过调查研究找到事实的真相）---Ican’t_______mybike.Haveyouseenit?---Don’tlookforitanymore.Thepolicemanhastakenitaway.Ihave_________mykeyeverywherebutIstillcan’tfindit.foundoutfindlookedforTheteacher_________whobrokethewindow.speak“说话;发言;演讲”,不及物动词,表示说话的能力﹑方式;表示说“某一种语言”speakEnglish/speaktosbHerdaughtercanspeakChinesenow.Heoftenspeaksatthemeeting.say“说”,及物动词,表示用具体的语言来表示思想感情(说确切的内容)saysth.tosb.sayitinEnglishMrs.Yusaiditwasimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.speak,say,talk,tell•tell“告诉”,及物动词,常接双宾语:tellsb.sth.•(tellsth.tosb.)•Billlikestellingussomethinginteresting.•tell“叫;让”,常接动词不定式,•tellsb.(not)todosth.•Theteachertoldherstudentsnottotalkinclass.•tell“区别;区分”,及物动词•Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenthetwins?•相关短语:tellalie“说谎”tellastory“讲故事”•tellajoketellsb.aboutsth.“告诉某人有关某事”talk“谈话;交谈”,不及物动词,表示连续地说,常用短语:talkwith/to,“和……谈话”;talkabout“谈论……”Myparentstalkwithmeaftersuppereveryday.Boysliketalkingaboutsportsstars.1.He_______hewasinClassOne.He_________mehewasinClassOne.2.Hewillgiveathreeminutes’__________atthebeginningoftheclass.3.Theoldmancan___________sevenlanguages.4.We__________aboutthevisittothemuseumnextweek5.Canyou________itagain?Ididn’thearyouclearly.6.Wouldyoupleaseaskhim_____loudernexttime?saidtoldtalkspeakwilltalksaytospeakturnon,turnoff,turnup,turndownturnon,turnoff,open,closeturnoff“关掉”(煤气﹑水龙头和电器类东西)区别:close“关掉”(门窗等物品)Besuretoturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.turnon“打开”(煤气﹑水龙头和电器类东西)区别:open“打开”(门窗等物品)turnup“调高;开大”(煤气﹑水龙头和电器类东西)Ican’theartheradio,couldyouturnitup?turndown“调低;关小”(煤气﹑水龙头和电器类东西)Theradioistooloud,turnitdown,please.have/hasbeento表示“去过”某地,此人在此地have/hasgoneto表示“去了,尚未回来”之意,所指的人不在此地,主语一般为第三人称-WhereisJohn?-He__________Paris.-Really?I__________therebefore,it’sverybeautiful.hasgonetohavebeenhave/hasbeento,have/hasgonetogetto,arrive,reachget“到