2016年职称英语理工A试卷及答案

2016年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题及参考答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.A.imaginationB.ConfirmationC.recallD.Disclosure2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.A.carelessB.CruelC.strongD.Hard3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.A.jumpB.escapeC.RunD.prepare4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.A.ChangeableB.StableC.suitableD.adaptable5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.A.haircutB.PurseC.ClothesD.necklace6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.A.fearB.JoyC.HurtD.memory7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.A.decorateB.WaterC.changeD.Visit8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.A.disabledB.PupilC.teenagerD.Baby9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.A.WarmB.severeC.hardD.dry10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.A.RealB.outstandingC.creativeD.False11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.A.globalB.PossibleC.ongoingD.Central12.Theideawasquitebrilliant.A.positiveB.CleverC.keyD.Original13.Stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.A.regulatedB.IncreasedC.FellD.maintained14.Thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.A.CoachingB.IdeaC.termD.Aspect15.Allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.A.indangerB.outofcontrolC.betweenequalsD.inparticular第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。TheGreatestofVictorianEngineersInthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialRevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedandmotivatedhiscolleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(决口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加剧)bysocialunrestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.16.BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned17.Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.SomeprojectsBrunelcontributedtoarestillinusetoday.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.Brunelbecameanapprenticewithhisfatherwhenhewasveryyoung.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.TheThamesTunnelprojectwasmoredifficultthananypreviousprojectsundertakeninBritain.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。Geothermal(地热)Energy1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩浆).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可渗透的)rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeitherflashsteampl