近距离煤层群开采自燃煤层火灾防治技术的研究与应用后

太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文分类号密级太原理工大学硕士学位论文题目近距离煤层群自燃火灾防治技术的研究与应用英文并列题目StudyandApplicationOntheTechniqueofPreventingandExtinguishingSpontaneousCombustionHazardsInContiguousSeams研究生姓名田小龙专业采矿工程研究方向安全工程导师姓名邬剑明学衔职称教授学位授予日期论文提交日期2006/3授予学位单位地址太原理工大学太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文I近距离煤层群自燃火灾防治技术的研究与应用摘要我国国有煤矿自然发火危险矿井已占60%，由于煤炭自燃导致的优质煤损失量已达42亿吨以上，现在仍以每年2000～3000万吨的速度增加，煤矿每年都因火灾造成人员的重大伤亡，造成数十亿元的经济损失；煤炭自燃不仅浪费了煤炭资源，而且引起了严重的环境污染和生态平衡的破坏；煤层自燃释放出的大量有害气体，除污染大气环境外，还直接危及人类的生存环境。本文从近距离煤层自然发火的特点及规律入手，研究了近距离煤层自然发火的原因及其危害，并研究了火灾防治的关键技术，建立了以指标气体分析法为主的早期预测预报体系；提出了采用以同位素测氡技术为主要手段的火源探测技术，应用此项技术精确确定火源位置、范围及发展趋势，为防灭火提供可靠的科学依据。通过对近距离煤层工作面的现场观测，研究了采空区内的空气分布规律，得出了近距离煤层工作面两侧氧浓度分布方程、采空区漏风松散体空隙分布方程、采空区不同深度的渗透系数方程、工作面进风侧采空区和回风侧采空区压力分布方程，结合采空区渗流及扩散数学模型，建立了近距离煤层采空区自然发火预测模型。最后，用近距离煤层采空区太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文II自然发火预测模型结合同位素测氡技术指导了柳湾矿南三盘区9#、10#近距离煤层自然发火现场治理工作，取得了良好的效果。关键词:煤炭自燃，火源探测，测氡法，近距离煤层，模型太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文IIISTUDYANDAPPLICATIONONTHETECHNIQUEOFPREVENTINGANDEXTINGUISHINGSPONTANEOUSCOMBUSTIONHAZARDSINCONTIGUOUSSEAMSABSTRACTPresently,our60%state-ownedcoalmineshavealreadybeenthedangerouscoalminesbecauseofthecoal’sspontaneouscombustion.Thelossquantityofhighgradecoalduetothecoal’sspontaneouscombustionhasbeento4.2billiontons.Besides,thelossquantityhasbeengrowingby2000-3000milliontonseveryyear.Moreover,theheavycasualtiescausedbythefirehazardannuallyleadtoheavytolloflivesandnearlybillionsyuaneconomiclosses.Notonlydoesthecoal’sspontaneouscombustionwastescoalresources,butalsoleadstotheseriousenvironmentalandecologicalproblems.Themassivepoisonousgaswhichiscausedbythecoal’sfirewillseriouslypollutetheatmosphericenvironmentanddirectlyendangerourlivingspace.Accordingtothecharactersandrulesofspontaneouscombustionforthe太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文IVcontiguousseams,thearticlemainlyresearchesthereasonanddamageofspontaneouscombustionforthecontiguousseamsandthekeytechnologyoffirepreventionandcontrol.Besides,thearticlealsoresearchesthemonitoringandforecastingsystemintheearlystagewhichisbasedonindexgasanalysis.Furthermore,themethodofisotopeRadondetectionforthefiresourcedetectionisalsoberesearched.Andaccordingtothetechniqueoffiresourcedetection,theapplicationforpreciselypositingofthefiresource,scopeandspreadingtendencyisalsoberesearched.Thetechniqueresearchprovidesreliablescientificbasisforfirepreventionandcontrol.Accordingtothesiteobservationofcontiguousseams,theregularitiesofairdistributioningoafisalsoberesearched.AndtheequationofOxygenconcentrationforbothsidesofcontiguousseams,equationofgapdistributionforloosecoalwithventilationleakage,equationofpenetrationcoefficientfordifferentdepthingoaf,equationofpressuredistributionforingoafintakeairflowandreturnairflowonbothsideoffacearebereached.Accordingtothemathematicalmodelofseepageanddiffusionofgoaf,theforecastingmodelofspontaneouscombustionofcontiguousseamsingoafisestablished.Finally,thesitegoverningworksofspontaneouscombustionforcontiguousseamsatthethirdPanelinSouthofLiuWanobtaingoodresultsbyusingtheforecastingmodelandthetechniqueofisotopeRadondetectioninthegoafof太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文Vcontiguousseams.KEYWORDS：Thecoalspontaneouscombustion,thefirehazardsurvey,isotopeRadondetection,contiguousseams，model太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文VI目录第一章绪论...........................................................11.1煤矿火灾的危害及防治.............................................21.2问题的提出.......................................................31.3煤层自燃防治技术国内外的研究现状.................................51.3.1煤层自燃早期预测技术的研究现状................................51.3.2煤层自燃早期预报技术研究现状..................................81.3.3煤层自燃火灾治理技术研究现状..................................91.3.4小结........................................................131.4本文所做的工作..................................................14第二章近距离煤层自燃发火特点及规律...................................152.1煤炭自燃过程....................................................152.2煤炭自燃机理....................................................172.3近距离煤层自燃特点及其规律......................................192.3.1近距离煤层自然发火的特点.....................................192.3.2近距离煤层工作面煤层自燃规律.................................202.4近距离煤层自然发火影响因素分析..................................222.4.1煤自燃的自身原因.............................................222.4.2煤层地质赋存条件.............................................242.5近距离自燃火灾综合防治体系......................................262.6本章小结........................................................27第三章近距离煤层自燃火灾关键技术的研究...............................283.1近距离煤层早期预测预报技术......................................283.1.1煤层自燃预测的指标气体.......................................293.1.2指标气体分析法在柳湾矿的应用.................................323.2煤炭自燃火源探测技术概述........................................363.2.1温度〔辐射能量)测定法........................................363.2.2磁探法.......................................................373.2.3电阻率法......................................................373.2.4气体测量法...................................................383.2.5无线电波法...................................................393.2.6地质雷达探测法...............................................393.2.7遥感法.......................................................393.