2018年二级公共基础知识复习资料

UnitOneGrowingUpTextAWritingforMyselfbyRussellBakerDetailedStudyPartOneParas.1-2BakerwasboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses,includinghisnewEnglishteacher.Mainidea1.(Line1)TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasn’tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.EversinceIwasachildinBelleville,Ihadthoughtofbecomingawriterfromtimetotime,butIdidn’tmakeupmyminduntilIwasintheeleventhgrade.从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。LanguageStudyoffandon(oronandoff):Ifsomethinghappensoffandonoronandoff,ithappensoccasionally,oronlyforpartofaperiodoftime,notinaregularorcontinuousway琳达通过有时做侍应生来养活自己。Lindamanagedtosupportherselfbyworkingoffandonasawaitress.我们住在一起，断断续续地有两年。Welivedtogether,onandoff,fortwoyears.possibility:stateofbeingpossible;(degreeof)likelihood(usu.followedbythat-clauseorof)可能（性）火星上可能有生命吗？IsthereanypossibilityoflifeonMars?有可能他想成为作家的愿望会实现。Thereisapossibilitythathiswishtobecomeawriterwillcometrue.takehold:starttohaveadefiniteeffect;becomeestablished，确立，生根TheideaofonechildonlyhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.只生一个孩子的观念已在很多中国家庭中确立了.Oldhabitsdiehard.That'swhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold.旧习惯很难改变。这就是为何你应该在习惯养成前就停止吸烟。2.(para1)UntilthenI’dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses.UptothenIhadlostinterestinthingsrelatedtoEnglishcourses.此前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都烦。bore:vt.make(sb.)feeltiredandloseinterestThespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech.发言者不停地说，听众被他的话弄得很厌烦。TomSawyergrewboredwithpaintingthegardenfence,sohethoughtofawaytomakeotherspaintforhim.汤姆索亚对油漆花园篱笆感到厌烦，所以他想了个办法让别人为他刷。bore:n.personorthingthatbores;nuisanceDon’tbesuchabore!boredom:n.[U]stateofbeingboredassociate…with…:tomakeaconnectioninyourmindbetweenonethingorpersonandanother我们把埃及和金字塔联系在一起。WeassociateEgyptwithpyramids.我无法把他和充满活力的运动联系在一起。Idon'tassociatehimwithenergeticsports.Peopleoftenassociatetheolddayswithgoodtimes,andseemtoforgetthehardshiptheysuffered.人们常把过去的岁月看成是美好的时光，仿佛忘记了他们曾遭受的痛苦。3.(para.1)Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.Ifounditpainfultowritelong,boringessaysasrequiredbyteachers;neitherdidteachersnorIenjoywhatIwrote.我痛恨那些又臭又长的段落写作，老师看着受累，我写着痛苦。assign:vt.Giveasashareordutyassignsb(todo)sth;assignsthtosb;assignsbtosth;她分配我洗碗.Sheassignedmetowashdishes.两间大教室分给了我们。Thetwolargeclassroomshavebeenassignedtous.乔治被分到报社的巴黎分部。Georgehasbeenassignedtothenewspaper’sParisoffice.老师给我们每个人都分配了假期任务。Theteacherhasassignedeachofusaholidaytask.assignment:[C]n.taskordutyYournextassignmentwillbetofindthesemissingpersons.你的下一个任务是寻找这些失踪的人.她被派出国执行一项艰巨任务.Shewassentabroadonadifficultassignment.turnout:produce-Newcomputersaresoonoutdatedsincenewermodelsareturnedoutconstantly.新电脑很快就过时了，因为更新的型号被不断地生产出来。-Americanfilmstudiosturnouthundredsoffilmseveryyear.美国的电影制片厂每年生产出几百部电影。-Jane’sworriedshewon’tbeabletoturnoutherpaperontime.简担心她不能按时完成论文。turnout:1.comeoutorgatherasforameeting,publicevent,etc.2.provetobe3.shutoff4.produce;makeMatchtheabovedefinitionswiththesentencesbelow.a.Alargegroupofprotestershaveturnedout.b.Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.c.Turnoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.d.Theplanturnedoutafailure.14323.(para.1)Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.Ifounditpainfultowritelong,boringessaysasrequiredbyteachers;neitherdidteachersnorIenjoywhatIwrote.我痛恨那些又臭又长的段落写作，老师看着受累，我写着痛苦。anticipate:vt.expectthatsomethingwillhappenandbereadyforitanticipatesth;anticipate(that);anticipatedoingsomething我可不准备惹什么麻烦。I’mnotanticipatinganytrouble.我没料到必须要自己烧饭。Ididn'tanticipatehavingtodothecookingmyself!Weanticipatethatourexpenseswillbe15%greaterthisyear.我们预计今年的开支将增加百分之十五。tedious:somethingthatistediouscontinuesforalongtimeandisnotinteresting--synonym:boring一旦她开始读一本书，她总是把它读完，即使它很枯燥。Onceshestartsabook,shealwaysfinishesit,evenifit’sreallytedious.这电影是如此冗长,很多观众都提前离场.Themoviewassotediousthatmanyviewersleftbeforeitwasover.4.(para2)WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.WhenitwasdecidedthatMr.FleaglewouldteachusEnglishduringmythirdyearinhighschool,IexpectedtheEnglishcoursetobeasboringasbefore.弗利格尔先生接我们高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最单调乏味的课上再熬上苦恼的一年。reputation:n.theopinionthatpeoplehaveaboutsomeoneorsomethingbecauseofwhathashappenedinthepast:(favorableornot)名声；名誉他是一个有着诚实/懒惰名声的人。Heisamanwithareputationforhonesty/laziness.作为一个政治家，朱镕基总理在世界上享有很高的声望。PremierZhuRongjihasahighreputationasastatesmanintheworld.这家公司因其高质量的皮鞋而享有盛誉。Thecompanyhasanexcellentreputationforhigh-qualityleathershoes.earn/win/gain/establish/buildareputationassthtodamage/ruinsb'sreputationstatesmanapoliticalorgovernmentleader,especiallyonewhoisrespectedasbeingwise,andfairpoliticianapersonwhoisgoodatusingdifferentsituationsinanorganizationtotrytogetpoweroradvantageforhimselforherselfCompareFame[U]n.thestateofbeingknownaboutbyalotofpeoplebecauseofyourachievements名气-achievedfameandfortune-Theyoungmusicianrosequicklytofame.那