小学六年级英语练习讲解【一般过去时的用法】

一般过去时的用法概念表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterdaymorning，yesterdayafternoon，yesterdayevening，thedaybeforeyesterday（前天），lastnight，lastweek，lastmonth，lastyear，amomentago（刚才），justnow（刚才），twodaysago，aweekago，in1990等。如：Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.昨晚我11：00睡觉。动词过去式的构成规律(一)规则动词的过去式1．一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；look→lookedplay→playedstart→startedvisit→visited2．以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；live→liveduse→used3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y改为i,再加–ed；study→studied,try→triedfly→flied4．以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加–ed。stop→stoppedplan→planneddrop→dropped(二)不规则动词的过去式1．改变动词中的元音；begin→begandrink→drankcome→cameeat→ategrow→grewrun→ranknow→knewwin→wonspeak→spoketake→tookwrite→wroteget→got2．变词尾的–d为–t；build→builtlend→lentsend→sentspend→spentbend→bent3．与动词原形一样；cut→cutput→putcost→costhurt→hurtshut→shut4．变-ay为-aid(少数动词)；say→saidpay→paidlay→laid5．采用不同词根；sell→soldteach→taughtbuy→bought6．其他。am/is→wasare→werehave/has→haddo→did加“-ed”后的读音方法1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished/-t/help/-t/asked/-t/2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。played/-d/lived/-d/enjoyed/-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。wanted/-tid/needed/-did/visited/-tid/句式变化（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句1．把was,were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes，…was.否定回答为：No，….wasn’t.由Were…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes，…were.否定回答为：No，…weren’t.如：（1）Iwasathome.→Wereyouathome?→Yes,Iwas.(肯定回答)→No,Iwasn’t.(否定回答)（2）TheywereatLiYan’shomelastnight.→WeretheyatLiYan’shomelastnight?→Yes,theywere.(肯定回答)→No,theyweren’t.(否定回答)2．在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes,…did.否定回答：No,…didn’t.如：Johnplayedcomputergameslastnight.→DidJohnplaycomputergameslastnight?→Yes,hedid.(肯定回答)→No,hedidn’t.(否定回答)（二）一般过去时的否定句1．在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was,were的后面加上not。如：（1）Hewasintheparkthedaybeforeyesterday.→Hewasnotintheparkthedaybeforeyesterday.(2)Wewerebusylastweek.→Wewerenotbusylastweek.2．在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t+动词原形。如：（1）Sheplayedtheviolinlastnight.→Shedidn’tplaytheviolinlastnight.(2)Theyswaminthelakeyesterday.→Theydidn’tswiminthelakeyesterday.(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句1.Whatdid…?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）WeateChinesefoodlastnight.→Whatdidweeatlastnight?2.Wheredid?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)Theysanganddanceinthemusicroomyesterdaymorning.→Wheredidtheysinganddanceyesterdaymorning?3.Who+动词过去式…?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)MikeandTomclimbedmountainslastweekend.→Whoclimbedmountainslastweekend?二、句子结构1．在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。如：（1）Iwasathomeyesterday.昨天我在家。（2）Wewereinthegymjustnow.刚才我们在体育馆。2．在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：Ivisitedmyuncleyesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3．各种句式（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：主语＋动词过去式＋宾语或表语。HeworkedinShanghaitenyearsago.（2）一般过去时的否定句：a．主语＋didn’t＋动词原形＋宾语。(did+not=didn't)Hedidn'tdomorningexercisesyesterday.b．主语＋wasn’t/weren’t＋表语。(was+not=wasn'twere+not=weren't)Hewasn'tanEnglishteachertenyearsago.（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：a．Did＋主语＋动词原形＋宾语？DidyoustudyEnglishin1990?b．Was/Were+主语＋表语？Washeapupilfiveyearsago?（4）一般过去时的特殊疑问句：a．特殊疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋宾语？Wheredidyourparentslivefiveyearsago？WhatdidyoudolastSunday？b．特殊疑问词＋were/was＋表语？Whowasatthezooyesterday?一般过去时练习题一、句型转换1.Thechildrenplayedfootballinthepark.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________2.Thereweresixstudentsintheclassroom.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________3.Anndidherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________4.LastweekIreadanEnglishbook.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________肯定/否定回答：____________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________5.Mybrotherwasintheparkjustnow.否定句：__________________________________________一般疑问句：________________________________________对划线部分提问：____________________________________二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过去式形式go______________enjoy______________buy______________eat______________get______________walk______________take______________dance______________write______________run______________swim______________find______________begin______________eat______________play______________study______________三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.2.Mike_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o'clocklastnight.Sohe______(get)uplate.3.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4.Tom___________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.5.Mymother________________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.6.There____________atelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)7.-When_______you_________(come)tochina?-Lastyear.8._________(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?9.Howmanypeople________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?10.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI_________(have)notimetowatchit.四、改错题(请改正每个句子中的一个错误)1．HowisJaneyesterday?_________________________________________2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.________________________________3．Hegoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.________________________________4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.________________________________