2018高考专题复习--代词

志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先专题模块代词语法基础志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先分考点1人称代词分考点2物主代词分考点3反身代词分考点4指示代词分考点5疑问代词考点人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词及疑问代词的用法志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先人称代词的形式和用法第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhe,she,itthey宾格meusyouyouhim,her,itthem主格多作句子主语，有时用作表语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在口语中，常用人称代词的宾格作表语。Toreallyunderstandamanwemustjudgehiminmisfortune.—Napoleon只有在不幸时才能真正了解一个人。——拿破仑志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性物主代词myouryouryourhis,her,itstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshis,hers,itstheirs形容词性物主代词置于名词之前，起修饰作用，表示“……的”，在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语或宾语。Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthatoursarebigger.物主代词的形式和用法“of＋名词性物主代词”构成“双重所有格”。①Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.②Thatcarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown.志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimself,herself,itselfthemselves反身代词的形式和用法Self-imageisyourownmind’spictureofyourself.自我形象是你内心对自己的印象。Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.她今天身体不太舒服。Sheherselfheardhimsaysoyesterday.她昨天亲耳听他这么说的。志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先byoneselfforoneselfofoneselfinoneself独自地亲自自动地本质上；本身含有反身代词的习惯用语（1）与介词连用（2）与动词连用cometooneselfdressoneselfdevoteoneselftobehaveyourselfapplyoneselftohelponeselftoenjoyoneself苏醒；恢复知觉打扮；自己穿衣致力于；献身于举止规矩有礼；检点专心致志于随便吃/用玩得开心seatoneselfmakeyourselfathomeadapt/adjustoneselftoteachoneselfspeaktooneselfthinkforoneself就座，入席别客气适应于自学自言自语独立思考志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先常用的指示代词有this,that,these,those。为方便学习so,such也可归到这一类。指示代词this,that,these,those的用法（1）this意为“这；这个”，复数为these，指刚提到的人、事物、想法或刚发生的事情。that意为“那；那个”，复数为those，指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等。Theboywasafraidandthedoghadsensedthis.“We’vebeencheated,”shesaid.Thosewereherexactwords.(2)this/these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/those常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。Ithinkyou’llfindthesemorecomfortablethanthose.(these近指，those远指)志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先【特别注意】1）this可用于指将要说的或将要发生的事情，起启下的作用；that则指前面说过或发生的事情，起承上的作用。Iwanttotellyouthis:theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.Hehurthislegyesterday.That’swhyhedidn’tcome.That上指、远指；this近指，下指志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先【特别注意】（2）that,those可以作替代词，代替前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。that或those指代前面的名词时，后面总是跟限定性定语。Asaretiredeardoctor,IheartilyrecommendTVEarstopeoplewithnormalhearingaswellasthosewithhearingloss.作为一名退休的耳科医生，我大力推荐人们使用TVEars，不论是听力正常的还是有听觉损耗的。志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先Such与so的用法such意为“上述一类；诸如此类；这种；这类”，指代前面所叙述的人或事物，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后面的名词或代词的数。Wemayhavevariouswaystodealwithsuchasituation.Sucharemyfriendswhowillneverfailtohelpmewhenneeded.so意为“如此，这样”，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容，用于避免重复。·—Haveyouhandedinyourhomework?—Ididsoyesterday.在believe,think,expect,suppose,imagine,guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点，既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中。·—IsJamescomingtonight?—Idon’tthinkso.志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先疑问代词的形式和功能功能形式主语宾语表语定语跟of短语指人主格who√√√宾格whom√√所有格whose√√√√指物which（也可指人)√√√√what√√√√1.what与who询问职业与身份用what；询问姓名与关系用who，①—Whatishe？—Heisalawyer/teacher.②—Whoistheman?—He’smyelderbrother./He’sJack【注意】What/who作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。①Whatis/areonthetable?②Whois/areinthelibrary?志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先•2.which与who•对特定范围内的人提问用which,常带有of短语或范围；对不定范围内的人提问用who.•①Whichofyouwillattendtheconferencetomorrow?•②Whowentthereyesterday?3.what与which•对特定范围内的事物提问用which,常带有of短语或范围；对不定范围内的事物提问用what.•②Whatareyoulookingfor?•③Whichdoyoulikebetter,orangesorapples?4.whatever,whichever;whoever分别为what;which;who的强调形式。①Whateverdoyouwant?你到底想要什么？②Whoevergaveyouthebook?究竟谁给了你这本书？也可以用what/how/why/whereetcthehell//onearth//intheworld…进行替换。如：①Whatonearthareyoudoinghere?②Whatintheworldareyoudoinghereatseveninthemorning?③Howthehellarewegoingtodothat?志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先高考热点疑问词what用法归纳Whatis+theheight/weight/depth/length/width/size?高度/重量/深度/长度/宽度/尺寸是多少？thepopulation?人口是多少？thedistance?距离是多远？theprice?价格是多少？youraddress?你住在哪儿？yourattitude?你的态度是怎样的？志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先（2）what的其他常见句型：Whatabout…?……怎么样？（用于提出建议或询问对方的情况）What(…)for?为什么（……）？（用于询问原因或目的）Whatif…?如果……怎么办？（用于引出条件）Sowhat?那又怎样？（表示某人对某事无所谓或认为某事不重要）Whatifastudentisfoundtohavetoldhiscombinationtoothers?志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先代词it的用法1.指代提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物，及已知或正在发生的事实或情况等。Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit.2.指时间、距离、日期、天气、温度等，用作主语。·Itissixmilesfromheretothenearesthospital.·Itisearlyspring,butitisalreadyveryhot.志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先3.当说话者弄不清对方是谁或不清楚说话对象的性别时，也常用it指代。·—Someoneisknockingatthedoor.—Whocanitbe?4.作形式主语或形式宾语。（1）代替不定式、v.-ing形式、名词性从句·Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinditdifficulttotellonefromtheother.·ItfeltveryfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先Itisapity/shamethat…真可惜……Itisnowonderthat…难怪……Itseems/appearsthat…似乎/看来……Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough…看起来好像……Ithappensthat…碰巧……Itoccursto/comesto/strikes/hitssb.that…某人突然想起……Itissaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道……Itiscertainthat………是一定的。Itisnouse/gooddoing…做……没有用/好处。Ittakessb.sometimetodo…做……花费某人多长时间。It固定句子归纳(2)常用it作形式主语的句式Itiscertainthateveryeffectmusthaveacause.·Ittookyearsofworktoreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.志存高远2018高考英语二轮专题课件敢为人先5.表示“喜欢”、“恨”等情感倾向的动词后面接it，构成固定结构“动词+it+that/if/when…”，这类动词有enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate等。·I’dappreciateit