农药对天敌安全性的测定方法

CHINESEJOURNALOFBIOLOGICALCONTROL1995,11(4):174177(,100081)TESTINGMETHODSFOREVALUATINGTHEEFFECTANDSAFETYOFPESTICIDEONNATURALENEMIES,AREVIEWGUOYu2jieWANGNian2ying(InstituteofBiologicalControl,CAAS,Beijing100081)[],,(IPM),,,,,(Hassan,1992a,1992b;Bakeretal.,1992)(,1992),,11.1()(1)();(2)();(3):1.5mgöcm2()6mgöcm2();(4);(5);(6);(7);(8);(9);(10)4:1=(30%),2=(30%79%),3=(80%98%),4=(99%)1.2(,,),(1.1)3101.3(1);(2);(3);(4);(5)4471:1=(5),2=(515),3=(1630),4=(30)1.1491.4(extendedlaboratorymethod)(1),;(2);(3);(4);(5);(6);(7);(8);(9);(10)();(11)4:1=(25%),2=(25%50%),3=(51%75%),4=(75%)1.5(1);(2),,;(3)1.43101.6(1);(2);(3);(4);(5);(6)();(7);(8);(9);(10),;(11)4:1=(25%),2=(25%50%),3=(51%75%),4=(75%)2(Trichogrammaspp.)31,2.12.1.11cm1.5cm1cm(),Potter,,61cm,11.5mgöcm21,,,,2355000,7,8,,,,2.1.211.2cm(400500),24,162850%70%RH81880%90%RH7,Potter,3,,,2.1.3,3,10,17,2431,571,,,2.2,()(),100m23,10m,3,,,60,12,,25,(5)3(Phytoseiidae)(Phytoseiuluspersimilis)(Typhlodromusoccidentalis,Amblyseiusfallacis),,:,3.1,10cm7.6cm5cm,7.6cm2.6cm0.3cm,3,,Potter,30,,,251855%RH,(,),20,,,:Mj=(dö(a+d))100%,d,aMa=(Mt-Mc)ö(100-Mc)100%,Mt,McEr=RtöRc,Rt,Rc:E=100%-(100%-Ma)ErE30%,30%E80%,80%E90%,E99%3.2,IPM,,,E50%,E99%50%E99%,,,,,4,,,,,?,671:4.1,,10%,LC50,,,,3mLPotter,Munger,,51524,,2448,510%,,10%,251705%RH4.2,,12,,,5,10,24,,,70%,,,,.1992..,8(3):106109.Hassan,S.A.1992a.MeetingoftheworkinggroupPesticidesandbeneficialorganisms,UniversityofSouthampton,UK,September1991,inHassan,S.A.ed.GuidelinesforTestingtheEffectsofPesticidesonBeneficialOrganisms:DescriptionofTestMethods.BulletinOILBöSROP,1992öXVö3.Hassan,S.A.1992b.GuidelinesfortheevaluationofsideeffectsofplantprotectionproductsonTrichohrammacacoeciae,sequentialtestingprogramme,ditto.Baker,F.,etal.1992.Side2effecttestsforPhytoseiidsandtheirrearingmethods.ditto.771