初中英语语法介词专题讲解

Topic:介词Teacher:WangKepingFrom:No.2middleschool介词总述介词的作用：如果没有介词，一个句子只是名词、动词、形容词、副词等的堆积。Thatpicturehangsonthewallofmybedroomintheupstairsofmyhouse.去掉介词后Thatpicturehangsthewallmybedroomtheupstairsmyhouse.介词总述介词的分类：表示时间的介词表示地点方位的介词表示方法、手段的介词常用介词搭配4Whereisthepen?It’sonthebox.5It’s_____thebox.inWhere’sthepen?6∧nd]It’s________thebox.under[´7It’s______thebox.behind[bi´haind]8Thebrownboxisnextto/besidetheorangebox.9Thebrownboxisoppositetheorangeone.10overunder11Thewoodenhouseisovertheriver.12infrontofbehind13Themanisinfrontofthebus.14Thedriverisinthefrontofthebus.15betweennextto\beside16Floor7isaboveFloor6.Floor6isbelowFloor7.17Talkaboutourclassmatesinourclass.18Milliesits____________me.Amysits_________Millie______Simon.Kittysits_____________Sandy.Sandysits_________Kitty______me.Kittysits___________Simon.infrontofbetweenandnextto/besidebetweenandbehind19Simonsits____________Kitty.Amysits__________Millie_____Simon.Thewindowis__________thedoor.Thechalkis______theteacher’sdesk.Amysits_______________Sandy.infrontofinfrontofbetweenandoppositeon20Kate’sbedroomprintershelf22Simon:Katehasacomputerinherroom.Itisherdesk.Herprinterishercomputer.Thereisalampthebesidetable.Amy:Whereisthebesidetable?Simon:Itisthebedandthearmchair.Amy:WhereareKate’stoys?onnexttoonbetween22Simon:Theyareabox.Amy:DoesKatehavemanybooks?Simon:Yes.Theyareashelf.Theshelfisthebed.Amy:IsKate’sroomverytidy?Simon:No!Therearelotsofthingsherbed.inonaboveunder表示时间的介词in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一天，星期、节日at具体的钟点、（一段时间）的起点in2012inDecemberinwinterinthemorningintwominutesonDecember4thonSaturdayonChristmasEveonthemorningofMonday(具体的某一天的早上)at7o’clockatthebeginningof固定搭配：atnoonatnight表示时间的介词1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,on4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at表示时间的介词after表示“……时间之后”before表示“……时间之前”in+时间段表示“……时间之内”TheywillmarryaftertheSpringFestival.TheywillmarrybeforetheSpringFestival.TheywillmarryintheSpringFestival.表示时间的介词1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.Theyhavebeenhere__anhour.A.forB.afterC.infor+一段时间，表示动作延续了一段时间表示时间的介词by+时间点，表示“到……以前为止”Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkby11o’clock.表示时间的介词until①用于肯定句中表示“直到……为止”②用于否定句中表示“直到……才”IwatchedTVuntilmymothercamehome.我一直看电视直到我妈妈回来为止。IdidnotwatchTVuntilmymothercamehome.我直到妈妈回来我才开始看电视。表示地点方位的介词in：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内）to：某一地区之外的地方（在该范围之外）on：与某一地区接壤的地方FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.TaiwanistothesoutheastofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.表示地点方位的介词1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongolia(蒙古)is___thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to表示地点方位的介词on是指两事物表面上的接触，强调要接触；over是指两事物不仅要接触，而且有覆盖的意思；但如果不接触，则表示在正上方；above是指仅仅是上下方的关系，既可以不接触，也可以不是正上方。有时也可以表示抽象的上方；Putawaythebooksonthedesk.MomputarugovermewhenIwasasleep.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Thesunroseabovethehorizon.表示地点方位的介词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above4.Aroadis___ourcityandthereismuchtraffic___it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,onbelow:表示“在……的下方”under：表示“在……的正下方”表示地点方位的介词in+大地方at+小地方inacountryinatowninthestreetinadesertathomeatschoolatthebus-stopatthecrossroads表示地点方位的介词infrontof:在……之前（范围之外）inthefrontof:在……的前部（范围之内）Tracystandsinfrontoftheclassroom.Tracystandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.表示方法、手段的介词in用材料、语言with用工具、某物by用方式、方法、手段By+交通方式：bycar/bus/plane/trian交通工具前有冠词、物主代词等修饰，介词用“on/in”inmycaronmybikeonthebusonaship表示方法、手段的介词1.Mymotheroftengotowork___bike.A.inB.onC.by2.Ifyouareabletogettheticketstomorrow,pleasetellme___phone.A.throughB.byC.on3.Theteacheriswritingonthepaper__redinkandtheblackboard___apieceofchalk.A.with,withB.in,withC.with,in4.Canyousayit___English?A.inB.withC.by5.Youcangetsomeinformation__thecomputer.A.inB.onC.by常用介词搭配①It’sveryniceofyoutohelpme.②It’sverygoodforyoutodoexercise.③theanswer(key)tothequestion(lock)④befamousfor因为……而出名⑤befamousas成为……而出名⑥bemadeof能够看得出原材料⑦bemadefrom不能看出原材料⑧ontime准时⑨intime及时38用适当的介词填空：1.Wecan’tseetheball.It’s_______thedoor.2.Shallwemeet____thegateoftheshop?3.IsTomplaying____thestreetor____theroad?4.Thereisabridgetheriver.5.Isit______thetwins.Theeldersisteris_____myleftandtheyoungeroneis____myright.6.Thebigtree_________ourclassroomisnearly100yearsold.7.Aplaneisflyingourhead.8.Shelivesmyhome.Weareneighbours.behindatinonoverbetweenononinfrontofabovenextto+在……的前面infrontof+在……（两者）之间between…and…+在……的旁边nextto+在地板上onthefloor+在河上overtheriver+在门的对面oppositethedoor+在老师的讲台上ontheteacher’sdesk+在床头柜上onthebedsidetable+在床和扶手椅之间betweenthebedand+thearmchair+在架子上ontheshelf+在床的上方abovethebed+在床底下underthebed39记住重点词组介词的主要分类：1.at10:00,inspring,onSeptember1st__________2.atthecinema,inthenorthofChina___________3.gobybus,writewithapen___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地点,方位介词方式介词时间介词固定搭配还有:inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening___________