单片机酒精检测报警器(1)

毕业论文（设计）论文题目基于单片机的酒精测试报警器－2－摘要进入21世纪，我国的汽车产业获得迅猛发展，机动车数量也迅猛增加，汽车价格的下调，越来越多的人开始购买私家车，例如2002全国共生产汽车325.12万辆，截止2011年底全国机动车保有量为2.25亿辆。全球机械化水平的提高给人类的文明和进步带来了无可厚非的积极影响。遗憾的是对道路交通安全却没有带来正面的影响，导致了人员的伤亡、财产和经济损失，例如：在2002年统计中，全国机动车驾驶员肇事727365起，造成死亡97821人。2011年因交通事故死亡人数达10.7万人，伤47万人，由此造成的直接经济损失达23亿。大量的交通事故有很大的一部分原因是因为醉酒驾车，饮酒驾车。当酒精在人体血液内达到一定浓度时，造成神经麻痹，大脑反应迟缓，肢体不受控制等症状。人对外界的反应能力及控制能力就会下降，处理紧急情况的能力也随之下降。对于酒后驾车者而言，其血液中酒精含量越高，发生撞车的几率越大。而根据世界卫组织的事故调查，大约50%—69%的交通事故与酒后驾驶有关，酒后驾驶已经被列为车祸致死的主要原因。所以酒驾已成为交通事故的罪魁祸首，自从2011年开始我国加大对酒驾的处罚力度，酒精检测仪已成为酒驾检测必不可少的工具。所以考虑毕业设计的实用性，酒精检测报警仪是一个很好的课题，它主要是利用气敏传感器和单片机，检测空气中的酒精浓度含量，当酒精浓度和环境温度超过预先设定的值时，报警器就会发生报警并且显示当前酒精浓度等级和温度数值，来提示危害。关键词STC89C52单片机，MQ-2酒精传感器,ADC0832,DS18B20AbstractIntothe21stcentury,China'sautoindustrygetrapiddevelopment,motorvehiclenumberalsoincreasesrapidly,carpriceslower,moreandmorepeoplebegintobuycars,2002thetotalproductionof3.2512millioncars,forexample,bytheendof2011,thenationalmotorvehicleownershipfor225million.Globaltheimprovementofmechanizationhasbroughthumancivilizationandprogressisthepositiveimpact.Unfortunatelyforroadtrafficsafetyhasnopositiveeffect,causedthepersonnelcasualtyandpropertyandeconomiclosses,suchas:thestatisticsin2002,727365,thenationalmotorvehicledriver'saccidentresultingindeathof97821people.Becauseofthetrafficaccidentdeathtollof1070002011people,injured470000people,causedadirecteconomiclossof2.3billion.Hugenumberofaccidents,thereisabigpartofthereasonisbecauseofdrunkdriving,drinkdriving.Whenthealcoholreachesacertainconcentrationinhumanblood,andcausenerveparalysis,brainslowresponse,thesymptomsuchasuncontrolledbody.Peopleoftheworldresponseabilityandcontrolabilitywilldrop,abilitytodealwithemergencies.Fordrunkdrivers,thehigherbloodalcohollevels,theriskofacrash.Andaccidents,accordingtotheworldhealthorganizationsurvey,about50%-69%ofthetrafficaccidentsrelatedtodrinkdriving,drinkdrivinghasbeenlistedasthemaincauseoftrafficaccidentdeath.Sodrunkdrivinghasbecomeatrafficaccidentculprit,since2011,ourcountryincreasepenaltiesfordrunkdrivingandalcoholdetectorhasbecomethenecessarytoolsfordrunkdrivingtest.Soconsideringthepracticabilityofgraduationdesign,alcoholtestingalarmingdeviceisagoodtopic,itismainlyusinggassensorandsingle-chipmicrocomputer,andtodetectthecontentsofthealcoholconcentrationintheair,whentheconcentrationofalcoholandtemperatureoverthepresetvalue,thealarmsystemwillalarmandshowthecurrentalcoholconcentrationlevelandtemperaturevalues,topromptthehazards.KeywordSTC89C52singlechip,MQ-2alcoholsensors,ADC0832,DS18B20－4－目录第一章绪论............................................................................................................................................51.1酒精检测报警器的发展历程......................................................................................................5第二章：总体设计分析............................................................................................................................62.1课题研究的主要内容.................................................................................................................6第三章：硬件电路的设计....................................................................................................................73.1总体硬件电路设计描述.....................................................................................................................73.2酒精传感器模块........................................................................................................................73.3温度传感器模块.........................................................................................................................93.3.1DS18B20温度传感器简介.............................................................................................93.3.2DS18B20内部结构：.....................................................................................................93.3.3DS18B20温度传感器的优点：.....................................................................................113.4数模转换模块..........................................................................................................................123.4.1AD0832简介及引脚说明...............................................................................................123.4.2单片机对ADC0832的控制原理.................................................................................133.5单片机模块：...........................................................................................................................133.5.1STC89C52单片机原理介绍...........................................................................................133.5.2晶振电路.......................................................................................................................153.5.3复位电路.......................................................................................................................163.6数码管显示模块：...................................................................................................................163.7蜂鸣器模块：........................................................................................................................