基因组技术与精准医学

基因组技术与精准医学精准医学研究进展、个人基因组检测与诊断青海大学医学院魏晓星2017-10-8细胞学层面上的基因组(Genome)ACGT四种脱氧核苷酸的排列形成DNA人类基因组是由多少个碱基（basepair）组成的,编码多少基因？从父母继承下来的共23对，46条染色体基因组测序就是确定碱基的排列顺序30亿个碱基=3,000,000,000=3x109=3Gbp(3吉）IlluminaHiSeq系列测序仪（高通量系列）有大量的临床样本需要非常高的通量临床癌基因组测序肿瘤异质性三代测序技术：PacificBiosciences单分子测序仪最新版本的PB，可以最长测到20Kb准确率也大幅提高。1Gb价格8000元左右，建高精准库要5000元以上。微生物基因组人类基因组测序费用2016年基本达到1000美元测一套人类基因组（30倍覆盖率）2017年基本达到100美元测一套人类基因组（30倍覆盖率）生物信息学:解码基因组的学科•应用计算机和信息学技术解释DNA里面蕴含的基因信息。AGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGT生物信息学(bioinformatics)•应用计算机和信息学技术解释DNA里面蕴含的基因信息。AGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGAGAAAGAAATATTATCGAATATCAATGGGATCATGAAACCTGGTCTCAACGCCATCCTGGGACCCACAGGTGGAGGCAAATCTTCGTTATTAGATGTCTTAGCTGCAAGGAAAGATCCAAGTGGATTATCTGGAGATGTTCTGATAAATGGAGCACCGCAGTGACGGCGACCAAACCCAGCTAGGTCAGACGAGAAAGATAAAAACTCTCCAGATGTCTTCCAGTAATGTCGAAGTTTTTATCCCAGTGTCACAAGGAAACACCAATGGCTTCCCCGCGACAGCTTCCAATGACCTGAAGGCATTTACTGAAGGAGCTGTGTTAAGTTTTCATAACATCTGCTATCGAGTAAAACTGAAGAGTGGCTTTCTACCTTGTCGAAAACCAGTTGA