4方法四 定语从句的写作(28张ppt)

第三部分写作方法指导方法四定语从句的写作一、写作中常用的几种定语从句1．关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考范文中更是屡见不鲜。TheforignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.昨天来我们学校参观的那个外国人来自加拿大。Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,whichwehadn'texpected.我们没有想到实验的结果如此好。2．关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句是指when，where，why引导的定语从句。Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,whereothervisitorsseldomgo.我们将要被带领参观这座城市：学校、博物馆和其他一些游人很少去的地方。3．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句Hisglassesgotbroken,withoutwhichhecouldseenothingclearly.他的眼镜摔坏了，没有它他什么也看不清楚。用适当的关系词填空1．Those________dosimpleandordinaryjobsarealsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.2．________weallknow，cleaningstreetsisoneofthehardestwork.3．Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,________turnedouttobeawisedecision.4．Occasionsarequiterare________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.5．Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint________wemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow.答案1．who2.As3.which4.when5.which/that二、定语从句的写法定语从句是比较难掌握而又是学生在写作中喜欢尝试的复杂句，因此在写作时可采用“三步法”：第一步：写出两个简单句。第二步：在一个简单句中找出一个要修饰的词汇，这个词在两个简单句中都有。第三步：把另一个简单句改成定语从句，要特别注意引导词的选择。示例：第一步：写出两个简单句。①TheforeignerisfromCanada.②Hevisitedourclassyesterday.第二步：在句①中找出一个要修饰的词汇：theforeigner。第三步：用句②充当定语从句，theforeigner为先行词指人，句②中的代词he指代theforeigner且在句子中作主语，故用who或that作引导词。Theforeignerwho/thatvisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCanada.用适当的关系词填空1．I'vealwayslongedforthedays________Iwillbeabletobeindependentthen.2．Ihaveafriend__________fatherisanengineer.3．Theyplantedthetrees__________didn'tneedmuchwater.4．Thisisthebestmethod________canbeusedagainstpollution.答案1．when2.whose3.that/which4.that三、定语从句写作的几点注意事项1．误用关系词误：IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.正：IliveinBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.误：Ihaveafriend,who'snameisLiuMei.正：Ihaveafriend,whosenameisLiuMei.2．句子残缺误：ThereweremanystudentstookpartintheEnglishcompetition.正：ThereweremanystudentswhotookpartintheEnglishcompetition.误：Thosewhoinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.正：Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposal,pleaseraiseyourhands.3．有多余词误：ThefilmIsawitlastnightwasreallyverygood.正：ThefilmIsawlastnightwasreallyverygood.误：Lastweek，IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupthereinmychildhood.正：Lastweek,IreturnedtothevillagewhereIgrewupinmychildhood.4．定语从句与并列句的混淆误：Infact，smokingisabadhabit,itdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.正：Infact，smokingisabadhabit，which/anditdoesgreatharmtopeople'shealth.误：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver，itdidn'thelp.正：Hisparentstoldhimmanytimesnottoplaybesidetheriver，which/butitdidn'thelp.单句改错1．Thosehaveworkexperiencecanfindajobeasily.____________2．Somesongsremindusofthepeoplewhichwelove.____________3．Thisisthefactorywevisiteditlastyear.____________4．Shehasbeenateacherfor30yearsintheplacewhereusedtobeapoorarea.____________5．Asachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool，itisnamedafterhisgrandfather.____________答案1．Those后加who2．which→who(m)3．去掉it4．where→which/that5．it→which或在it前加and综合演练提升Ⅰ.完成句子1．我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆对于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。Iwouldvisitsomemuseums________________towidenmyhorizonsaswellasenrichmyknowledge.2．我希望感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。IwishtothankProfessorSmith,________________Iwouldneverhavegotthisfar.3．正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。Theairgualityinthecity,________________，hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.4．你知道，我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个国际会议。Youknow，myuncleLiMingisgoingtothecity________________toattendaninternationalmeeting.5．我经常想起被陌生人的言语伤害和侮辱的时候，甚至有时是来自熟悉的人。Ioftenthinkaboutthetimes________________andsometimesevenfromacquaintances.答案1．whichshouldnotbemissed2．withoutwhosehelp3．asisshowninthereport4．whereyoulive5．whenIhavefelthurtandinsultedbyruderemarksfromstrangersⅡ.请按以下内容要点写一篇有关你的同学Kate的英语短文，尽可能多地使用定语从句。1．我有一个同学叫Kate，她的妈妈是我以前的英语老师。2．Kate是一个容易相处的人，我们都喜欢她。3．Kate在此次口语竞赛中获得第一名，这使得她妈妈很高兴。4．新年就要到了，到时Kate会和她妈妈一起去香港。5．众所周知，香港是一个购物天堂，Kate打算在那里买她需要的东西。______________________________________________________________________________________________________答案IhaveaclassmatecalledKate,whosemotherismyformerEnglishteacher.Kateisagirlwhoiseasytogetalongwithandwealllikeher.KatetookthefirstplaceintheSpeechContest,whichmakeshermotherhappy.TheNewYeariscoming,whenKatewillgotoHongKongtogetherwithhermother.Asweallknow,HongKongisashoppingparadise,whereKateintendstobuywhatsheneeds.