定语从句考点与难点(共32张)

1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点1：that与which1:先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用which。2：先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that。4:先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。5：当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语考点2：theway用做先行词3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich高考题链接：考点3：介词+关系词1.Doyouknowtheboy______yourmotheristalking?2.Hegavemesomenovels___________Iamnotveryfamiliar.3.Istillremembertheday_______IfirstgottoParis.5.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.whichtowhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwhom/thatIwilltakecareof.4.译：这是我要照顾的小孩。介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin考点3：介词+关系词介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin××Arethesetwosentencesright?可见,who、that不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词的情况3Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点一：where的用法解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,degree,和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。注意11.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（山东）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。注意２若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。Thelibrary________studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.Thelibrary,_______wasbuiltinthe1930s,needsrepairing.Thelibrary________youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.wherewhichwhichas引导的限制性定语从句(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)As,which引导非限制性句定语4.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.1.Heisoneofthestudents_______beentoBeijing.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents______beentoBeijing.2.Isthisschool___________________youvisitedlastyear?Isthistheschool______________________youvisitedlastyear?3.Hehas2sons,bothof_________aredoctors.Hehas2sons,andbothof______aredoctors.Hehas2sons;bothof______aredoctors.whohavewhohastheone(that)that/whitch/不填whomthemthem4.Einstein,for_____moneywasnotimportant,wasascientist.5.Hehasadaughter,_____nameisLiHua.Hehasadaughter,thenameof_____isLiHua.Hehasadaughter,of______thenameisLiHua.6.Thisisthereason_______hegavemeyesterday.Thereason______hecriedwas_____hewasbeaten.Thenewscame______ourteamwon.7.Iwillleavetomorrow,by______timeyouwillhavegoneabroad.whomwhomwhosewhomthatwhythatthatwhich注意３区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespotwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.as引导的非限制性定语从句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.ItasAsItas具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定语从句在句首时只能用as,难点二：as的用法as与which引导的定语从句的区别两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1.关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.2.当与such,so或thesame连用时，用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.GoonPlease!3.当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。e.g.Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.as引导的限制性定语从句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。综合考查一：定语从句与强调句难点三、综合考查近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。友