定语从句-举例生动详细(大量例题)

高中英语语法之定语从句复习WhichoneisHarryPorter?HarryPorterisaboyHarryPorterwearsglasses合并句子:合并为一个句子HarryPorterisaboywhowearsglassesHarryPorterisaboy.HarryPorterwearsglasses.定语从句一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词、代词或句子并对其起修饰限定作用的句子.定语从句在句子作定语。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhowearsglasses.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句HarryPorterisaboywhowearsglasses主句从句HarryPorterisaboywhowearsglasses.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词whichwhenwhowhomwhosethatwherewhy关系副词关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereason时间状语地点状语原因状语1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别.①who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语②whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语③that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.④whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语2.which的用法which作定语从句的主语或宾语.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作宾语可省略Haveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemancametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.ThegirlImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语whomwhom3.只能用that的情况①形容词最高级或序数词修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.that若要引定从形高序数修先行③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时。Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②当先行词被all,any,few,little,no以及theonly,thevery,thelast等作为形容词修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.all;theonly作形容不定代词受欢迎④先行词为what，关系代词用that。Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome.⑤当先行词同时指人和物时若有what作先行指人和物算一种I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.⑥当先行词为which或who时，为了避免重复出现，要用that。为了避免which重WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.全用that才可行4.只用which的情况Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.①当关系代词作介词的宾语，且先行词为物，无论介词是被提到前面，还是没有被提到前面，要用which引导定语从句。②在非限制性定语从句中，当先行词为物时要用which别着急介词提前逗隔离1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroomA.whomB.whatC.which4.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungest.A.whoB.whoseC.that5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用whom7、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown8、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what9、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which10、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语介词提前时只能用whichthat11.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what12.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导13.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose14.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导15.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which16.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导17.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导18.Whoistheworker___tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which主句已有which或who时,只能用that引导Exercise1:用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatExercise•1.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat•2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat•3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.•A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat•4.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•挑战高难度！！！•1.Isthistheplace______youwereborn?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•2.Isthistheplace______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear?•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why•3.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.•A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that•4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.•A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why•5.Heto