with + n + oc

高三英语总复习语法系列训练独立主格结构Helaytherethinking,hishandsbehindhishead(withhishandsbehindhishead).他双手放在头下，躺在那里思考着。Theriverlooksmorebeautiful,flowersandgrassgrowingonbothsides(=withflowersandgrassgrowingonbothsides).这条河看上去更加漂亮，因为两岸长满了鲜花和绿草。Hesatthere,withhishand__________(raise).withhiseyes____________(look)intothesky.raisedlookingThechildrenweremakingasnowman,handsredwiththecold.劫匪冲进房间，手里拿着刀。Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinhand.独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with的复合结构不受此限制。LastnightIfollowedhimhere,andclimbedin,_______________________________________（手里拿着一把剑）.Hecameoutofthelibrary,(夹着本厚书)_____________________________.swordinhand/withaswordinhishand(with)alargebookunderhisarm独立主格结构;一个独立主格的名词或代词（作为逻辑主语）+一个分词、形容词、副词、不定式或介词短语作用:相当于状语从句，多用来表示行为方式或者伴随情况，有时也用来表示时间、原因和条件。这种结构多用于书面语中。注：这种表示伴随情况的独立结构，有时也可用“with+宾语+分词（或形容词、介词短语）”构成的短语来代替。1．表示时间：1)Whenspringcomeson,thetreesturngreen._________________,thetreesturngreen.2)Whenourworkhadbeenfinished,wewenthome.___________________________,wewenthome.3)Whenthesignalhadbeengiven,thebusstarted._________________,thebusstarted.4)Whenthemeetingwasover,welefttheroom.______________________,welefttheroom.SpringcomingonOurworkhavingbeenfinishedThesignalgiven,Themeeting(being)over2．表示原因：1)BecauseitwasSunday,thelibrarywasclosed.________________,thelibrarywasclosed.2)Becausetheweatherwasfine,wewentforawalk._____________________,wewentforawalk.3)Becausetherewasnobuses,wehadtowalkhome.____________________,wehadtowalkhome.4)Becausethekeyhadbeenlost,shecouldnotentertheroom.______________________,shecouldnotentertheroom.ItbeingSundayTheweatherbeingfineTherebeingnobusesThekeyhavingbeenlost3．表示条件：Timepermitting,we’llvisittheSummerPalace.Weatherpermitting,theywillstartatsixtomorrowmorning.4．表示伴随情况或补充说明：LastnightIfollowedhimhere,andclimbedin,swordinhand.Thechildrenweremakingasnowman,handsredwiththecold.Ihaveboughtanewcoat,theoldonebeingwornout.1.Hefellasleep___thelighton.A.haveBwithChadDtherewas2.___productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.(oo)A.AsBForCWithDThrough3___timewenton,hebecameolder.A.AsBForCWithDThrough1．with+名词（或代词）+副词Hewasasleepwithhismouthopen./介词短语/形容词Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.(91)AbeingtiedBhavingtiedCtobetiedDtied２with+名词（或代词）+过去分词(done)表被动／完成Withtheworkfinished,allofuswentoutforawalk.Helaythere,withhiseyes___atthesky.AlookingBlookedClookDtolook3.with+名词（或代词）+现在分词doing表主动／进行HefellasleepwiththelampburningWithalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.AsettleBsettlingCtosettleDbeingsettledwith+名词（或代词）+动词不定式todo表将来＿＿fiveminutes___beforethelasttrainleft,wearrivedatthestation.ATherewere;togoBItwas;leftCIthad;leftDWith;togowith+复合宾语一、形式：1．with+名词（或代词）+现在分词Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.Youcan’tleaveherewiththemachinerunning.Withwintercomingon,it’stimetobuywarmclothes.2．with+名词（或代词）+过去分词Theoldmanwaslisteningtotheradio,withhiseyeshalfclosed.Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Withthetreesgrowntall,wecangetmoreshade.Withtheworkfinished,allofuswentoutforawalk.Hestoodforaninstantwithhishandstillraised.3．with+名词（或代词）+动词不定式Ican’tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.Withsomanybookstoread,Icouldn’tgooutwithyou.Withonlytwominutestogo,theyhurriedtothestation.Withallthisworktodo,Idon’tknowifI’llhavetimetogoout.4．with+名词（或代词）+介词短语Hewalkedalongwithhishatonthebackofhishead.Hesimplystaredatherwiththatpeculiarexpressiononhisface.Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.5．with+名词（或代词）+形容词Themanwassleepingwiththewindowopen.Themotherdoesn’tallowherchildtotalkwithhismouthfull.6．with+名词（或代词）+副词WithJohnaway,we’vegotmoreroom.TheEmperorwalkedinthemiddleoftheprocessionwithnothingon.Thestudentlistenedtohisteacherwithhisheaddown.Withtheteacherthere,hecan’twrite.二、功能：1．作状语表示伴随情况、原因、条件、时间或补充说明：Thedayisbright,withafreshbreezeblowing.Withthreepeopleawayill,we’llhavetoclosetheofficethisafternoon.Whatalonelyworlditwouldbewithyouaway.2．作定语（with相当于having,该结构可改成带有have的定语从句）Thenewbuildingwithitswindowsfacingsouthisouroffice.Somewerepoor,withnotevenaraincoattoprotectthemfromtheweather.Theyoungmanworeashirtwiththeneckopen,showinghisbarechest.