英语直接引语和间接引语

Iamthekingofthewholeworld.Whatdoesthelionsay?ChuShuiExperimentalSchoolWangGuizhongDirectSpeechandReportedSpeech引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫____________;直接引语用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫_________。间接引语直接引语通常都用____________括起来，引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个________。宾语从句eg:Hesays:“IlikeEnglish.”HesaysthathelikesEnglish.注意：says在间接引语中做引用动词。句中引用动词says为一般现在时。定义：引用动词：用来引导间接引语的动词.用法:当句中的引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语改为间接引语时,时态保持不变。Hesays:“Icleanedthefloor.”Hesaysthathecleanedthefloor.Theteachertellsus:“Theearthmovesaroundthesun.”Theteachertellsusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.总结：当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语的时候，只有人称发生了改变。DirectSpeechReportedSpeechShesaid,“Ilikesinging.”Shesaid,“Iamwaitingforabus.”Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”Shesaid,“IhavenevermetanAmerican.”Shesaid,“Iwillseeyounextweek.”Shesaidshelikedsinging.Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus.ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore.ShesaidshehadnevermetanAmerican.Shesaidshewouldseemethenextweek.Note:1.直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.2.当引用动词为一般过去时的时候，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等相应变化.１、人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一随主二随宾第三人称不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变Shesaid,“IlikeTennis.”Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly.Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语主语为第一人称的时候，要随主语变化。二随宾：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语主语为第二人称的时候，要随宾语变化。第三人称不更新：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语主语为第三人称的时候，不发生变化。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth.注:直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.时态变化2直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词this,that,thesethosenow,then,todaythatdaythisweekthatweekyesterdaythedaybeforelastweektheweekbeforefourdaysagofourdaysbeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenext/followingdaynextmonththenext/followingmonthheretherecome,go,bringtake情态动词can,may,mustcould,might,hadtoDirectSpeechReportedSpeechSheasked,“Haveyouseenthefilm?”Sheaskedmewhether\ifIhadseenthefilm.Heasked,“Areyouadoctor,John?”HeaskedJohnif\whetherhewasadoctor.Sheaskedus,“Whereareyougoingtogetoff?”Sheaskeduswhereweweregoingtogetoff.Heaskedthem,“Whogaveyouatalkyesterday?”Heaskedthemwhohadgiventhematalkthedaybefore.直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。Note:DirectSpeechReportedSpeech“Neverdothatagain,”theteachersaid．Thepolicemanorderedustobequiet.Thepolicemanordered:“Bequiet.”TheteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindowTheteachersaidtotheboy,”Openthewindow.”Theteachertoldmenot/nevertodothatagain．“Waitamoment．”shesaidtothem.Sheaskedthemtowaitamoment.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell,ask,order,advise等动词的宾语。注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.Note:解题步骤:1.陈述句“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sandysaidtoherfriends.SandysaidtoherfriendsthatIdon’tlikecomputers.saiddidn’tsheSandysaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.2.一般疑问句:Isiteasytoworkouttheproblem?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoworkouttheproblem.itiseasytoworkouttheproblem.askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoworkouttheproblem.3.特殊疑问句：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouharvestthewheatyouharvestthewheat.heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.4.祈使句Littleboy,putonyourcoat.(Theyordered)TheyorderedLittleboyLittleboy,putonyourcoat.putonyourcoat.toputTheyorderedthelittleboytoputonhiscoat.his注意事项1)人称2)时态3)相应的时间地点状语4)标点符号5）大小写6）问号改为句号7）语序---疑问改陈述8）宾语从句由什么引出9)祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述Exercises:1).BettysaystoHarry,Iwanttoborrowyourbook.”2).Myteachersaid,“sheisagoodstudent.”BettysaystoHarry(that)shewantstoborrowhisBook.Myteachersaidthatshewasagoodstudent.3)Sheaskedme,”Doyouagreewithme?”4)Anneaskedhermother,“Isthereanydeliciousfoodtoeat?”SheaskedmeifIagreedwithher.Anneaskedhermotheriftherewasanydeliciousfoodtoeat.5)“Whatareyougoingtodo?”heasked.6）“Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?”askedMr.Zhang.HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodo.Mr.ZhangaskedhowIwenttoschooleveryday.7).Momsaid,“Don‘tchatwithstrangers．”8).“Goshoppingwithme,please?”saidMr.Wang.Momtoldmenottochatwithstrangers.Mr.Wangaskedmetogoshoppingwithhim.1.‘YourclassmateswillvisitMissWangthisSunday.’MrLisaidtome.MrLitoldme.2.‘Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.’Everybodyinourclassknew.Everybodyinourclassknew_______________.3.‘PleasetakegoodcareofmydogwhenIamaway.’MrsWhitesaidtoher.MrsWhiteher.4.Thedoctorsaidtome,‘don’tsmokeanymore.’Thedoctor_______________________.5.‘Jack,couldyouopenthewindowforme,please?’MrSmithsaid.MrSmith______Jack_______thewindow.6.‘Whattimedidhegetupthismorning?’Pleasetellus．Pleasetellus_____________________________.7.Ourclassteachersaidtohimyesterday,‘pleasecomeearlynexttime.’Yesterdayourclassteacher_______him___________.8.‘Canyoucomehereatonce?’ThemanageraskedKateonthephone.ThemanageraskedKateonthephone.9.Thepolicewanttofindout,‘Isthereapictureofthelostboyinthenewspaper?’Thepolicewantstofindout.一、按要求完成下列各题1.引语分类：2.直接引语：3.间接引语：4.引用动词：5.当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语时，______不发生改变。6.当引用动词为一般过去时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语时，___、_____、____、____、_____发生改变。8.状语的变化如下表thiscanthesemaytodaymustnowtomorrowthisweeknextm