海河与渤海湾水体中溶解态多氯联苯和有机氯农药污染状况调查

1,1,1,1,13,2(11,100084;21,100012):(PCBs)(OCPs).,PCBs01063111gPL01051107gPL01010115gPL.PCBsOCPs.PCBsDOC(dissolvedorganiccarbon).,PCBsOCPs,.:;;;;:X592:A:025023301(2007)0420730206:2006206222;:2006208205:(973)(2003CB415007);(40406021,20577025):(1979),,,,E2mail:[e-mail]3,E2mail:[e-mail]olychlorinatedBiphenylsandOrganicChlorinatedPesticidesintheSurfaceWaterofHaiheRiverandBohaiBay,ChinaWANGTai1,ZHANGZu2lin1,HUANGJun1,HUHong2ying1,YUGang1,LIFa2sheng2(11POPsResearchCentre,DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China;21ChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalScience,Beijing100012,China)Abstract:Polychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs),hexachlorocyclohexanes(HCHs)anddichlorodiphenyl2trichloroethanes(DDTs)wereanalyzedinthesurfacewaterofHaiheRiverandBohaiBay,innorthofChina.ConcentrationsofPCBs,HCHsandDDTswere01313111gPL,01301107gPLand01020115gPLinriver,andinseawere01060170gPL,01050175gPLand01010111gPLrespectively.Mostly,thePCBs,HCHsandDDTsintheBohaiBayarefromterrestrialinputbyHaiheRiver.PCBsandorganicchlorinatedpesticides(OCPs)arepositivelycorrelatedwithDOC(dissolvedorganiccarbon).ThelevelsofPCBsandOCPsinHaiheRiverinthisstudyarequitehigherthanthesimilarsurfacewatersinChina,whilethelevelsinBohaiBayarequiteconsistentwithsimilarwatersabroad.Keywords:polychlorinatedbiphenyls;organicchlorinatedpesticides;HaiheRiver;BohaiBay;persistentorganicpollutants(POPs)(persistentorganicpollutants,POPs),,,.12()POPs,1(polychlorinatedbiphenyls,PCBs),;9(organicchlorinatedpesticides,OCPs);(PCDDsPPCDFs)[1].PCBs1,,.,().PCBs1930,1977,PCBs100t.1965PCBs,2080,t[2].DDT.DDT40t,20%.DDT.,[3].,10%20%,80%90%[4],.PCBsOCPs,,.,.28420074ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.28,No.4Apr.,2007©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[5].7,,,73km.,;;..,[6].,,87%;,95%,[7].,,150km.1122004208.(015m),1.111,1221,150km.,.(47mmGFPF,017m,Millipore,4504h),4,.1Fig.1Mapofsampling113PCBs(SupelcoCENPCBCongenerMix1)12PCBs:PCB18PCB28PCB31PCB44PCB52PCB101PCB118PCB138PCB149PCB153PCB180PCB194.OCPs(TCLPesticideMix,Supelco)18,aldrin;4HCH;4,42DDD4,42DDE4,42DDT;dieldrinendosulfanIendosulfanendosulfansulfate;endrinendrinaldehydeendrinketone;heptachlorheptachlorepoxide(isomerB);methoxychlor.PCB209(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,62DecachlorobiphenylC2209N,AccuStandard).HPLC(Dikma).(ENV218,Supelco)500mg,6mL.114GFPF,20mL(Shimadzu,TotalOrganicCarbonAnalyzer,TOC5000A)(dissolvedorganiccarbon,DOC);1L(PCB209),,:10mL10mL,5mLPminSPE,(LabconcoPFreezoneR415,Labconco),15mL12mLPmin,110mL,GCPECD.115(Agilent6890PlusSeriesGC2ECD)18OCPs12PCBs,:HP25(30m0132mm0125m);;(1L);250300,35,1min,:35105(10Pmin),2min;105125(1Pmin),2min;125140(10Pmin),2min;140230(1Pmin);230260(10Pmin),10min.13815min.,9915%,918%.70%110%,1118%2419%.017313ngPL.,10,,QAPQC.2211PCBs1374:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(111),12PCBs01313111gPL(0176gPL);(1221),PCBs01060171gPL(0121gPL).PCBs,PCBs.2PCBsFig.2PCBslevelswithsamplingsites12PCBs,ICES(InternationalCouncilforExplorationoftheSeas)6:PCB28PCB52PCB101PCB138PCB153PCB180[8,9].PCBs,PCBs.3,(1617183)PCBs12PCBs50%.3Fig.3Percentsoftri2CBandtetra2CBPCBsPCBs().,[10][11]PCBs,.PCBs,PCBs.PCBs,,PCBs01014gPL0103gPL,PCBs.212OCPsHCHs4,HCHs2HCH2HCH2HCH2HCH4.HCHs01301107gPL(0166gPL)01050175gPL(0116gPL).,HCHs2,14,2HCH(65%70%)2HCH(12%14%)2HCH(6%)2HCH(5%6%)[12].1(Lindane),2HCH99%.,42HCH,[13],HCHs,.(111),2HCH,9,9HCHs,(1221),(2HCH+2HCH)(90%),2HCH0,HCHs.DDTs54HCHsFig.4HCHslevelswithsamplingsites23728©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.)PgL-1Table1ConcentrationsofHCHsandDDTswithsamplingsitesPgL-12HCH(+)2HCH2HCH4,42DDE4,42DDD4,42DDT10107501300124n.d.n.d.n.d.20103501150111n.d.n.d.n.d.30103801290111n.d.01020n.d.40104601150114n.d.01023n.d.50106501370117n.d.n.d.n.d.60109301280112n.d.n.d.n.d.7011101290113n.d.n.d.n.d.8012301440122n.d.n.d.01149013201480127n.d.n.d.011110012501420136n.d.n.d.011011012001430132n.d.01008011412010090148001260104901056n.d.130100101062n.d.n.d.n.d.01023140100101180n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.15n.d.01190n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.16n.d.01047n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.17n.d.01096n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.18n.d.01075n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.190100701050n.d.01009n.d.n.d.20n.d.01089n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.21n.d.01054n.d.n.d.n.d.n.d.1)n.d.,DDTs(4,42DDT4,42DDD,4,42DDE3)01010115gPL.812(0110gPL)DDTs.5DDTsFig.5DDTslevelswithsamplingsites,DDTDDD,DDE[14].,DDT,DDTDDTs;,,DDT.DDTPDDTsDDDPDDE,DDT.812,DDTPDDTs019,0,DDT,DDT,1;4,42DDD4,42DDE,DDDDDE,,DDT.[15],HCHs(1gPL).DDTs(0105gPL).OCPsHCHsDDTs,(aldrindieldrinendrinheptachlor)(10%),(0101gPL).213PCBsOCPsDOC90%,,[16].,.3374:©1994-2008ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(67,p=0101,).,POPs,.,DOCPOPs.6DOCPCBsFig.6CorrelationsbetweenDOCandPCBs7DOCOCPsFig.7CorrelationsbetweenDOCandOCPs2142.,PCBs(),();HCHsDDTs,(MarMenorLagoon),(El2HaramGizaKingston).21)PgL-1Table2ConcentrationsofdissolvedP