从_曹风_蜉蝣_说开来_浅论_诗经_中的生死观_马黎丽

从《曹风·蜉蝣》说开来———《》马黎丽①(　　　550025):《曹风·蜉蝣》是一首通篇感叹人生短暂的诗歌,《诗经》中其它作品如《唐风·蟋蟀》和《小雅·頍弁》也表达过类似情感。从《诗经》反映的社会生活来看,当时的人们承受着战争,饥馑,徭役,被剥削,遭遗弃,生离死别,亡国失家等苦难,但是《诗经》中触及生与死的主题,抒发人生短暂的悲叹的作品相对较少。这一现象缘于诗经时代人们重视生,着眼于现实生活的快乐和满足的生死观,这种生死观表现出强烈的生命意识。:诗经　生死观　生命意识:I　　　　:A　　　　:1000-8750(2006)04-5-3《》,。《》,、。《·》;《·》;《·》;《·》;《·》;《·》,;《·》,……《》,,,,,,,,。,,,,《》,,。《》,。,《·》《》。《·》,,,,。《·》,。蜉蝣之羽,衣裳楚楚。心之忧矣,于我归处!蜉蝣之翼,采采衣服。心之忧矣,于我归息!蜉蝣掘阅,麻衣如雪。心之忧矣,于我归说!《》:,。,,,。《》。。《》,。,。,,,。,。《》《》,。《》:,《》:《》……《》''。《》'',。,,?,。,、?,。·5·①:(1972-),,,,。DOI:10.14040/j.cnki.52-1004/k.2006.04.004,?,。,,。,。,。《》:。,,'',。《()》:,、、、,,,,。《》:,。[1]《·》,《》,,。。,,,,:,(,)?,,,《》,,。《·》。《》,,《·》。《·》《·》。《·》、、,。,,。,。《·》,。,,,。,。《》,,。,,??,。《》,,,,,,。《》,,,、,。,、,。,《》。[2]《·》、《·》。《》,,。,《》,、、,,,、、、、、,,。,,,。,。《》,,,,,。、、、、。,,,,。,《》《·》,,,,,。,《》,。《·》[3],:,。,。,,,,。,,,。,,,。《·》,,,、,。,,,,。,。,,·6·　2006　4,,。,,,,,,!,,。,。?《》,,,;,。,、,。《·》,,,,,,。[4]。,,,,,。,。,。,。《·》。,。,,,,,,,。,,,,。《·》,,,,,。[5]《》,。《》。《·》《》、《》、《》,。《》'',。[6]《》《》,《》,《》,,。,,,。,。《》,,,,。,,、。,,;,。《》,,。、、,,,,,。,''''。[7]、,,。,,,,。。,:,?。,,。?,,。,,《》,[8],,,,,,。。、,,,,,。。,《》,,,。,,,,。《》、,、、,《》,。(11)·7·《·》,,。。:[1],[M],,2002;[2],[M].,2002;[3]、,[M],,1990;[4]、,[M],,1983;[5][M],,1992;[6],[M],,1990;[7]、,[M],,1986;[8],[M],,1993;[9],[M],。1996;[10],[M],1992;[11],[C],,2003;[12],--[M],,1988;[13],[M],,200412;[14],[M],,198512AProbeintotheNameofJixiaChenXiaomei(ChineseDepartment,GuizhouUniversity,GuiyangGuizhou550025)Abstract:TheconceptofJixiawassetforthofficallybyZouyangintheWarringstate.Thisarticlesumuptheancient'stwokindsofrepresentivestatements.Someonethoughtitwasbetweensummerandautumn,Otherssaidthatitwasinchargeofthelasteighteendayseachseason.Finally,thearticlecon-cludesthattheformerwasconvictive.Keywords:Jixiaprobe(7)[1][2]..[J].,1999.(6).[3]P62.[M].,1998.[4].、、P230.[M].,2003.[5]P288.[M].,1998.[6].、、P180.[M].,2003.[7]..[M].,2005.[8]..[J].,2004.(5).TheConceptofLifeandDeathinBookofPoetryMALi-li(DepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature,SouthwestGuizhouTeacher'sCollegeforMinorities,Xingyi,Guizhou,562400,China)AbstractThepoetriesinBookofPoetryseldomtouchedthesentimentalfeelingsarousedbytransitorylife.Butinfact,thelifeconditionduringthetimeofBookofPoetrywasveryharsh.Thepeoplehadtobearthemisfortunebroughtbywars,faminesandcorvees,andhadtofacekindsofsufferingbecausetheywereexploited,discarded,separatedfromtheirfamilymembers,orforcedtoleavetheirhome-land.Insteadofexpressingtheirmisfortune,thepeoplewerepronetoconcernabouttheirhappiness.ThisphenomenonwasrootedintheconceptoflifeanddeathinBookofPoetry,whichfocusedmoreonlifethandeath.TheBookofPoetrymanifesteditselfinakindofevidentlifeconsciousness.KeyWordsBookofPoetryTheconceptoflifeanddeathLifeconsciousness:·11·