必修三 Unit 4 language points

1.violentadj.violencen.•1.使用暴力的，暴力引起的•aviolentclash暴力冲突•2.感情激烈的；激情的•aviolentreaction强烈的反应•3.剧烈的，猛烈的•aviolentheadache剧烈的头痛•相关词组：•violentdeath惨死violentcrime暴力犯罪•aviolentchange巨变•takesth.byviolence用暴力夺取……2.explodev.•1.使某物炸开，爆炸•eg.Thefireworksexplodedinhishand.•2.(情感)迸发；(人)冲动，激动•eg.Atlasthisangerexploded.•Sheexplodedintoloudlaughter.•相关知识：•explosionn.爆发，爆裂，迸发，激增•explosiveadj.易爆的；猛增的；激增的•explodeinto/withanger勃然大怒•explodeinto/withlaughter放声大笑3.intime/atatime/atonetime/ontime/innotime/attimes/atnotime•intime及时；总有一天；终于ontime按时atonetime曾经，一度atatime一次，同时attimes=sometimes有时atnotime决不，在任何时候都不innotime立刻，马上4.“be+不定式”一种将来时的表示法。表示“不可避免要发生或一定要发生的事情”•eg.•Theysaidgoodbye,littleknowingthattheywerenevertomeetagain.•Asayoungman,hedidn’tknowhewastowinworldfamelateron.•Mothersaidtome,“Youaretobeathome10o’clockatthelatest.”5.unlike/dislike/alike/likely•(1)unlikeprep.不同；不像(2)dislikevt.不喜欢(3)alikeadj.相像，十分相似；adv.相像地，相似地(4)likelyadj.很可能发生的，有希望的•用unlike,dislike,alike,likely的适当形式填空：(1)Thetwinsdon’tlook_____.(2)________hisbrother,he________playingfootball.(3)Weallthinkheis______towin.•(4)Theytrytotreattheirchildren_____.Unlikedislikeslikelyalikealike6.presencen.在场；出现；存在•eg.•Hedidn’tnoticemypresence.•Hispresenceduringthetimeofcrisishasacalmingeffect.•inthepresenceofsb.=insb’spresence•在某人面前；有某人在场•inthepresenceofsth存在某物的情况下•presenceofmind镇定；遇事不慌•相关知识：•presentadj.现存的，当前的•n.礼物，礼品；目前，现在•v.颁发，授予；把……转交给；展现•presentsthtosb=presentsbwithsth把某物给某人•presentlyadv.此刻，当下；眼下•presentationn.颁发；显示；演出•1.----CanIsmokehere?•-----Sorry.Wedon’tallow___here.•A.peoplesmokingB.peoplesmoke•C.tosmokeD.smoking•2.Hiswifedoesn’tallow____insidetheroomandadvisedhim______.•A.tosmoke;givingupsmoking•B.smoking;givingupsmoking•C.smoking;togiveupsmoking•D.tosmoke;togiveupsmoking7.harmfuladj.有害的；伤害的•beharmfulto对……有害•harmn&vt.损伤；伤害dosb.harm=doharmtosb.对某人有害domoreharmthangood弊大于利meannoharm没有恶意•Thereis(no)harmin(sb.)doingsth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。Itdoes(no)harm(forsb.)todosth.•(对于某人来说)做某事有(无)害处。•harmlessadj.无害的harmlessnessn.无害•(1)Fruitjuicecan______________________children‘steeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。•(2)Whathedid_________hisreputation.他所做的损害了他的名声。•(3)Hemaylookfierce,buthe•_____________________.他可能看上去很凶，但并无恶意。•(4)Thecourtcasewill______________mybusiness.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。harmedbeharmfultomeansnoharmdoseriousharmto8.encourage•1.促进；帮助……发展；支持•Slowmusicencouragessupermarket-shopperstostaylongerandspendmore.•Sunlightencouragesthegrowthofgreenplants.•Goodhealthencouragesclearthinking.•2.鼓励，激励;促进•encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事•encouragesb.insth助长某人的……•Shealwaysencouragesherstudentstostudyhard.•Youshouldn’tencouragehiminidleness.9.multiplyv.•1.乘•eg.Multiply2and2togetherandyouget4.•2.成倍增加；迅速增加•eg.•Ourproblemshavemultipliedsincelastweek.•Smokingmultipliestheriskofcancer.•3.增殖，繁殖•eg.•Thiskindofmousehasmultipliedquicklyrecently.加减乘除四则运算的表示方法•A+B:Aplus/addedtoB•A×B：Atimes/multipliedbyB•加法和乘法运算中的“等于”用：is/are/make/makes•A–B:AminusB•A÷B:AdividedbyB•减法和除法运算中的“等于”用：is/makes10.aswellas•1.除……之外，还（用于连接两个并列成分）•Livingthingsneedairandlightaswellaswater.•Shehelpedmeaswellashim.•Hewentonhisownworkaswellashelpedme.•Thegirliskindaswellasbeautiful.•Youcannotrespecthimtodothehouseworkaswellaslookafterchildren.•Thegirlaswellasherclassmatesgoestotheparktoplayeveryday.•2.和……一样好•Youdidaswellastheexperiencedperson.•aswellas是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列成分。•aswell为副词短语，在句中作状语。意为“又，也”•aswellas=inadditionto=besides=apartfrom•除……之外，还有•inaddition=aswell也，还•may/mightaswell(dosth)倒不如做……11.existvi.存在；生存；维持生活existin存在于……之中existon靠……为生existby靠……生存existentadj.存在的，现存的•existencen.存在，生存comeintoexistence开始存在；成立bringintoexistence使发生，产生•(1)________always________aforceofattractionbetweentwobodies.两物体间总是存在着吸引力。(2)They____________verylittlefood.他们靠极少的食物来生存。(3)Thatworddoesn‘t______inEnglish.英语中没有这个词。•(4)Fishcan't________________________.鱼离开水就不能生存。(5)Whendidtheworld•__________________________？世界是什么时候开始产生的？Thereexistsexistonexistexistoutofwatercomeintoexistence12.inone’sturn轮到某人；接着•inone’sturn轮到某人；接着inturn依次；轮流；转而；反过来byturns轮流；交替takeone’sturn轮到某人做……了taketurns依次；轮班，轮流ontheturn正在转变，正在变化outofturn不合时宜地，鲁莽地•(1)Thegirlscalledouttheirnames______.那些女孩儿逐一报出了自己的名字。(2)Wemakeeveryefforttomakemorefilms,and____________thiscreatesfurtherenvironmentalpollution.我们在竭力生产出更多的电影，反过来这又造成了进一步的环境污染。•(3)Wekeptwatch____________.＝We____________tokeepwatch.我们轮流守望。inturnbyturnstookturnsinturn13.prevent...(from)阻止；制止•prevent...(from)阻止；制止stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事protectsb.from...保护某人不受……侵袭，挡住，防御keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事14.puzzlevt.使困惑；使糊涂n.难题；谜•puzzleabout/oversth.苦苦思索；仔细琢磨puzzlesth.out琢磨出……的答案；开动脑筋setapuzzleforsb.(＝setsb.apuzzle)出个谜语叫某人猜•puzzledadj.感到困惑的•bepuzzledby被……迷惑•puzzlingadj.令人困惑的•(1)It'squite____________uswhyhedidthat.他为何做那样的事，我们完全搞不懂。(2)Thissentence_________me.这个句子令我困惑。(3)Thisisa_________question,andIamtotally_______byit.puzzlingapuzzleforpuzzlespuzzled