用于中药提取的新技术进展

刘明言*,王帮臣(,300072):,,,5:(SFE)(CCE)(MAE)(UAE)(ETE)(SBE)(FE)(PE)(STE)(HFE)(AEE)(UHPE),:;;:R2842:A:02532670(2010)02016907AdvancesinnewtechnologiesapplyingtoChinesemateriamedicaextractionLIUMing-yan,WANGBang-chen(SchoolofChemicalEngineering&Technology,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,China)Abstract:TheextractionisthekeyoperationstepintheproductionofChinesemateriamedicaorthenaturalproductsOnthebasisofbriefdescriptionoftraditionalextractingtechnologies,extractingtech-niquesappearedinrecentfiveyearsareparticularlyreviewedintheprinciples,features,latestresearchandapplicationresults,andexistingproblemsaswellThesenewtechniquesincludesupercriticalfluidextrac-tion(SFE),continuouscountercurrentextraction(CCE),microwave-assistedextraction(MAE),ultra-sound-assistedextraction(UAE),enzymatictreatmentextraction(ETE),sem-ibionicextraction(SBE),floodingextraction(FE),pressextraction(PE),smashingtissueextraction(STE),heating-freeextrac-tion(HFE),airexplosionextraction(AEE),ultra-highpressureextraction(UHPE),etcFurtherre-searchtopicsandapplicationprospectsoftheseextractingtechniquesarealsosuggestedKeywords:Chinesemateriamedica;naturalmedicine;extractingtechnique,,[1,2],,,,,,,20,,,[2~8]5,,1(supercriticalfluidextraction,SFE)2060169中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102*:2009-09-01:(20576091);(2009ZX09301-008)*,,,Tel:[phone]E-mail:myliu@tjueducn,10[9~11],,CO2;8~40MPa,30~70,;,,;,,,,,,3:(1),;(2),;(3),,[12],,(),,[9]:(1),;(2),;(3),;(4),;(5);(6),,2003,,2006,;;,,[12]CO2,CO2,,,,,[10,11]2()(continuouscountercurrentextraction,CCE),,(),,[13~16],[13],,;,;,,,,,,,,,,,2090,170中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102,,,3(microwave-assistedextraction,MAE),0001~1m,3108~31011Hz,;,1986Ganzler,[17~20]()()[18],[18]:/,,,,,,,,,,[21~25],,[19,20,26],[27],4(ultrasound-assistedextraction,UAE)20104~30108Hz,,2060[28,29],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,[28],:[29~31]:,(),,,[32,33],:;171中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102;,;,;5(enzymatictreatmentextraction,ETE),,,,,[34],,,,,,,,,[34]:,,;(50%),;,;2090,,,,:[34,35];:[35,36]:,,,,pH,,,,[34,36],:pH,,pH,,,;,,,,,;[37]6(sem-ibionicextraction,SBE)2090[38,39],:,,,,,,,pH,pH,,[38,39],,:,,,;,,,;,,,;[38,39]:pH,10,,,[40~43],,:,;pH;;,pH,,[4]7(floodingextraction,FE),,172中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102,,,2090[44,45],,,,,,,,,,,[44,45],,,8(pressextraction,PE),,()[46,47],,,,;,,,23,,[48,49],,,,;,;,,[48]:,;,;,,,,,,,,,,,9(smashingtissueextraction,STE),,,,,,,3:(1),;(2);(3),31,,;2,,,,;3,,209012[50,51];,,10,:,,,[51],,10(heating-freeextraction,HFE)2021,,,,,,,,173中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102,[52~56],,,,,,11(airexplosionextraction,AEE),,,,,,[57],,,,,,12(ultra-highpressureextrac-tion,UHPE),21[58]100~1000MPa()(,),(,),,(,),,,[59]:,,,,:[60],,25%;1%[59][60~70],,[8],,1310,,,,;;;,,,,;,,;,,;,;,,,,,:[1],,[J],2002,33(3):193-196[2],,[M]:,2002[3],,,[J],2004,35(5):361-367[4],[J],2001,12(5):465-467174中草药ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs41220102[5],,,[J],2002,25(12):908-911[6],[J],2006,12(6):51-54[7][J],2008,17(1):25-30[8],[J],2008,21(6):53-55[9],CO2[J],2006,28(1):110-113[10],CO2[J],2007,30(8):901-903[11],,CO2[J],2007,38(9):1431-1433[12][J],2004,25(5):11-13[13][M]:,2004[14],,,[J],2008,39(8):1171-1173[15],,[J],2006,57(2):376-379[16],,,[J],2008,46(4):34-36[17]GanzlerK,SalgoJMicrowaveextractionanovalsamplepreparationmethodforchromatography[J]JChromatogrA,1986,371(1):299-300[18]CamelVMicrowave-assistedsolventextractionofenviron-mentalsamples[J]TrendsAnalChem,2000,19(4):229-248[19],,,[J],2002,4(2):49-51[20],,[J],2004,15(1):55-57[21]SporringS,BowadtS,SvensmarkB,etalComprehensivecomparisonofclassicSoxhletextractionwithSovtecextrac-tion,ultrasonicationextraction,supercriticalfluidextrac-tion,microwaveassistedextractionandacceleratedsolventextractionforthedeterminationofpolychlorinatedbiphenylsinsoil[J]JChromatogrA,2005,1090(1-2):1-9[22],,[J]:,2007,28(1):60-62[23],,[J],2008,8(6):1078-1081[24]ZhangF,ChenB,XiaoS,etalOptimizationandcompar-isonofdifferentextractiontechniquesforsanguinarineandchelerythrineinfruitsofMacleayacordata(Willd)RBr[J]SeparPurifTechnol,2005,42(3):283-290[25]FulzeleDP,SatdiveRKComparisonoftechniquesfortheextractionoftheant-icancerdrugcamptothecinfromNothap-odytesfoetida[J]JChromatogrA,2005,1063(1-2):9-13[26],,[J],2008,39(10):1496-1499[27],[J],2006,7(1):4-6[28]Luque-CarciaJL,LuquedeCstroMDUltrasound:apow-erfultoolforleaching[J]TrendsAnalChem,2003,22(1):41-47[29][J],2007,38(2):315-316[30],,[J],2008,26(6):1332-1334[31],,璠松,等超声法提取长春花中长春碱[J],2007,38(9):1348-1349[32]RieraE,GolasY,BlancoA,etalMasstransferenhance-mentinsupercriticalfluidsextractionbymeansofpowerul-trasound[J]UltrasonSonochem,2004,11(3-4):241-244[33],[J],2006,37(9):1336-1338[34],,,[J],2006,17(7):1152-1153[35],,,[J],2008,39(8):1161-1164[36][J],2008,29(1):93-95[37],,[J],2009,40(6):905-907[38],[J],1995,20(11):670-673[39],[J],2005,7(1):56-60[40],[J],2005,28(5):11-12[41],,,[J],2006,28(9):1259-1264[42],,,[J],2007,38(1):53-55[43],[J],2009,9(6):34-36[44],,[J],2001,32(7):205-206[45],,[J],2008,36(8):3083-3084[46],,,[J],2004,20(6):181-185[47],,,[J],2005,30(3):16-18[48],