八年级下册第一单元知识点总结

Unit1What’sthematter?语法：情态动词should的用法及反身代词词形变换1.foot(n.)脚→feet（复数）2.hurt(v.)(使）疼痛；受伤→hurt（过去式）3.hit(v.)击；打→hit（过去式）4.sick(adj.)生病的；有病的→sickneess(n.)疾病ill(adj.)生病的→illness(n.)疾病5.climber(n.)登山者→climb(v.）攀登6.knife(n.)刀→knives(复数）7.importance(n.)重要性→important(adj.)重要的8.decision(n.)决定；抉择→decide(v.)决定短语归纳1.haveacold感冒2.haveaheadache头痛3.haveacough咳嗽4.haveatoothache牙疼5.haveafever发烧6.haveastomachache胃痛7.haveasorethroat喉咙痛8.haveasoreback背疼9.havetheflu患流感10.seeadentist看牙医11.getanX-ray拍X光片12.takeone’stemperature量体温13.drinksomehotteawithhoney喝带蜂蜜的热茶14.liedown躺下15.takebreaks(takeabreak)休息16.allweekend整个周末17.inthesameway以同样的方式18.soundlike听起来像19.gotoa/thedoctor去看医生20.goalong沿着……走21.onthesideoftheroad在马路边22.shoutforhelp大声呼救23.24-year-old24岁的24.geton上车（公共汽车）getoff下车（公共汽车）getinto上小汽车getoutof下小汽车25.toone’ssurprise令某人吃惊的是26.thanksto幸亏，由于27.intime及时ontime准时，按时28.rightaway=rightnow=atonce立刻，马上29.getintotrouble陷入麻烦30.haveanosebleed流鼻血31.hitsb.onthe+身体硬的部位hitsb.inthe+身体软的部位32.falldown跌倒33.loseone’slife失去某人的生命34.takerisks(takearisk)冒险35.cutoff切除36.getoutof离开；从……出来37.makeadecision作决定38.beincontrolof掌管；管理39.giveup放弃40.theimportanceof………的重要性考点集萃1.enough的用法：①adj.enough+名词enoughtime②adv.形容词/副词+enoughbigenoughSheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Shesoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.=Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.2.询问“某人怎么了”句型What’swrong(withsb.)?=What’sthematter(withsb.)?=What’sthetroublewithsb.?=Whathappenedtosb.?3.toomuch、toomany、muchtoo辨析toomuch+不可数名词太多……toomany+可数名词太多……muchtoo+形容词太……4.lie和lay用法辨析意思过去式过去分词现在分词lie平躺laylainlying说谎liedliedlyinglay放置，下蛋laidlaidlaying那个男孩撒谎说有只公鸡（躺）在树下下蛋。Theboythatacockwasunderthetreelayingeggs.5.thinkof,thinkabout,thinktwicethinkof想起；认为thinkabout思考；思索thinktwice认真思考；三思6.“疼痛”的四种表达方式①have/hasa+表示身体部位的名词+词缀-acheIhaveastomachache.②have/hasasore+表示身体部位的名词Ihaveasorestomach.③表示体部位的名词+hurt(s)Mystomachhurts.④have/hasapain+in+the+表示身体部位的名词Ihaveapaininthestomach.7.with的用法①“带有；具有”drinksomehotteawithhoney②“和……一起”③“使用”注：with引导的介词短语置于主语之后时，句中谓语动词的单复数要与该短语前的主语的单复数保持一致（就前原则）Awomanwithtwochildreniscomingintotheshop.8.surprise、surprised、surprising单词辨析(n.)toone’ssurprise令某人吃惊的是……insurprise惊奇地surprise(v.)surprisesb.使某人吃惊的是surprised(adj.)besurprisedatsth.对某事感到惊奇(主语是人)besurprisedtodosth.做某事感到惊奇surprising(adj.)“令人惊讶的是”主语通常是物9.thanksto和thanksfor辨析thanksto“幸亏，由于”，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式thanksfor因……而感谢，后跟感谢的原因10.happen的用法①sth.happen(s/ed)+时间/地点某时/某地发生了某事②sth.happen(s/ed)tosb.某人发生了某事③sb.happen(s/ed)todosth.某要碰巧做某事11.beusedto习惯于……；适应于be/getusedto(doing)sth.习惯于（做）某事beusedtodosth.被用来做某事usedtodosth.过去常常做某事12.runout和runoutof辨析sb.runoutofsth.=sb.useupsth.某人用完某物sth.runout=sth.beusedup某物被用完13.mean(v.)意思是；打算；意欲（meant)meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事meaning(n.)意思themeaningof……的意思meaningless(adj.)毫无意义的14.death(n.)死；死亡thedeathof………的死亡die(v.)死dead(adj.)死的dying(adj.）垂死的必备句型1.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事的全过程（强调动作的结果或过程）2.takesb./sth.tosp.把某人/某物带到某地3.agreetodosth.同意做某事agreewithsb.赞同某人4.expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事5.havetrouble/problems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难6.beinterestedin(doing)sth.对（做）某事感兴趣7.bereadytodosth.准备好做某事；乐意做某事8.keepondoingsth.继续做某事9.minddoingsht.介意做某事10.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事11.decidetodosth.=makeadecisiontodosth.决定做某事必备句子1.Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.2.IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.(without可与if……not同义句转换)Ican’tfinishtheworkwithouthishelp.=Ican’tfinishtheworkifhedoesn’thelpme.3.Ifyourheadandneckstillhurttomorrow,thengotoadoctor.4.Thedriverdidn’tthinkabouthimeself.Heonlythoughtaboutsavingalife.5.Didyouhurtyourselfplayingsoccer?6.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.7.Thismeansbeingadifficultsituationgthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.反身代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesyourselvesenjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=havefun玩得开心，过得愉快helponeself(to)sth.请自便……teachoneself=learn……byoneself自学dressoneself某人自己穿衣服hurtoneself伤到某人自己