高中英语 完形填空的解题方法课件

完形填空的解题方法一、首句法（伯乐马卷18）Iwasonmylunchbreakinthecityatanoutdoorcafe,whenashabbyhomelessladycamewalkingtowardsme(文章首句).Shewasyellingand__1___everyonewhowalkedpastherforspare___2__.1A.greetingB.praisingC.applyingD.begging2A.changeB.roomC.foodD.clothesD.beggingA.changeIgraduatedfromasmallpublicschoolinMichigan(文章首句).……Ourfootballcoachencouragedustowinthegameandwedidsointhelastgameweplayedbefore11.A.liberationB.closingC.graduationD.schoolWhenIwassixyearsold,Iwasvisitingmygrandfather’sfarm(文章首句).Grandfatherhadsentmeintothe__1__togatherpecansforustoenjoylater.A.roomsB.woodsC.apartmentsD.roads细读首句进行预测•一般来讲，高考完形填空的首句是不挖空的。细读首句便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题，也是了解文章大意的窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文章的脉络与线索。二、原词复现法（伯乐马卷17）Thiswouldbeagoodopportunityto5mychildren,soIexplainedtheirdifficultsituationtomyseven-year-oldtwins,andtothree-year-oldMeghan……IstaredatMeghanforalongmoment,18(wondering)howIcouldteachtheboysthelessonshehadjusttaughtme.5A.helpB.instructC.teachD.change1.(08天津卷）ThenextdayJennawenttoseeMrs.Bidenaboutbeingontheschool25.Mrs.Bidenwasn’tas26(enthusiastic)asJenna.“I’msorry,butwehaveenough27(writers)forthenewspaperalready.A.committeeB.newspaperC.radioD.team原词复现2.(伯乐马卷19）Englishandmathweremyworsttwosubjects.Theremaybesomethingwrongwithme,insidemy4.……Iknewsomeoneintheworldfinally20(understood)whatitwaslikeformetobemissingafingerinsidemyhead.4A.headB.heartC.mindD.body3.(08山东卷)Garth’se-mailwasshort,butIlearnedmorefromthat52messagethanIeverdidfromatextbook.A.exactB.urgentC.briefD.humorous同义词、近义词复现三、平行结构法Ibroughtthreelargeboxesandplacedthemonthelivingroomfloor.Meghanwatchedseriously,43theboysandIfilledoneboxwithcannedfood.……Iencouragedtheboystogothroughtheirtoysand45(donate)someoftheirlessfavoritethings.Meghanwatched46astheboyspiledupuselesstoysinthebox.43A.sinceB.asC.becauseD.though46A.anxiouslyB.hopefullyC.quietlyD.angrily平行结构指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。这些结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。Manypeoplenowthinkthatteachersgivepupilstoomuchhomework.Theysaythatitis___51___forchildrentoworkathomeintheirfreetime.___52___,theyarguethatmostteachersdonotproperlyplanthehomeworktaskstheygivetopupils.51.A.unnecessaryB.uninterestingC.unfortunateD.unimportant52.A.NeverthelessB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Moreover四、“and”法Herhandwas12anddirty,butIdidn’tmindholdingherhand……（伯乐马卷18）12A.softB.roughC.largeD.neatSoontheslavewasforgivenand50.A.killedB.accusedC.blamedD.freed★Ifwemakeanoiseonthebustheylook_____anduncomfortable.A.interestedB.worriedC,movedD.excited★Hellenwasanoldteacherwithawarmsmileand_____eyes.A.burningB.freezingC.friendlyD.lovely五、逻辑关系法•逻辑关系是征服完形难题的最佳途径。逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。通过逻辑关系，推测逻辑意义，寻找有逻辑性的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。语篇逻辑关系例MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling36,butIalwaysknewhewas37.36.A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardener37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned…henevercriticizedus,butused38(praise)tobringoutourbest…fathersaid:“whenIwas23,mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw”.句间逻辑关系1.MrsClevelanddoesnotalwaysblameherworkers._____,sheencouragesthemtogetmorewaystodobusiness.A.StillB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Also2.Thereisatendencytothinkofeachoftheartsasaseparateareaofactivity.Manyartists,___1___,wouldprovethattherehasalwaysbeenacloserelationshipbetweenthevariousareas.1.A.thereforeB.howeverC.moreoverD.otherwise2.Theexplorersfoundthattheislandhadgoodsoil37the200nativeslivingtherehadlittlefood.37.A.andB.butC.howeverD.still3.Herfatherhad36hertwothings.Onewasnottopullheroutofthewater37sheasked.36．A.givenB.refusedC.donatedD.promised37．A.asB.unlessC.evenifD.when4.So,attheageof14,Idecidedtodropout.42,myparentsdidn’tthinkthiswasagreatidea.42．A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.PossiblyD.Properly1.Irealizednobodyhadgivenup.____,everyonehadalreadyfinished(running).(伯乐马卷20)A.BesidesB.InsteadC.OtherwiseD.Therefore空缺处待填充的信息不是孤立存在的，而是相互关联的；解题时需要从整体上分析句与句之间的联系，并通过已知信息推断出正确的答案。(伯乐马卷17)MeghanwalkedupwithLucy,herworn,faded,much-loveddoll48tightlytoherchest.She49infrontofthebox,pressedherlittlefaceintoLucy'sface,gaveherafinalkiss,then.laidhergentlyontopoftheothertoys.48A.heldB.huggedC.caughtD.grasped49A.regrettedB.stoodC.criedD.paused六、“主语”法:注意动作的发出者1)Andvideocamerascanbeusedto______people'sactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch2)Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhad______onthetableasshestartedherlecture,disappeared.A.seenB.droppedC.foundD.laid3)Whenthepaperswere______,theteacherdiscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.writtenB.completedC.markedD.answered1)…,becausetheearth__2__twenty-fourtimezones,onehourapart.A.islookedintoB.isbrokenintoC.isdividedintoD.iscutinto2)Theringhadfallenoffandbeendamagedinthegreat_____ofthefire.A.energyB.heatC.powerD.pressure3)SalinaJoebeganto_____whenshewasone-yearold.2.A.sayB.cryC.singD.talk七、常识法热点一：旧词新义1.ProfessorSmithistodeliveranimportantspeechatthemeeting.2.Hedoesn’tgetmuchcompany.Two’scompany,three’sacrowd.3.Thenewmoviepromisestobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersofalltime.4.Iwantedtobethere,whennormallyIwouldturntheotherway.5.Inoticedmychildwas48thebiggestsmileonhisface.A.keep