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当前位置:首页 > 中学教育 > 初中教育 > 高考英语复习精品语法课件-非谓语动词分析
专题五非谓语动词专题五非谓语动词非谓语动词是高中英语教学中的重点和难点,也是历届高考的重点考查项目。不仅单项填空中,而且完形填空、短文改错中都反复考查。命题热点多是一些常用动词及特殊动词其后的非谓语动词的形式(不定式、过去分词及动词的ing形式)的不同要求。有时也涉及非谓语动词的完成式和否定式以及非谓语动词作状语时的逻辑主语一致性原则。具体来说其考点主要包括:1.不定式的完成式、进行式、被动式;不定式作后置定语与分词作后置定语的区别。专题导读2.不定式的省略与不定式的否定结构。3.只能接动名词的动词,只能接不定式的动词以及接动名词、不定式有区别的动词。4.动名词的被动式、否定结构。5.现在分词与过去分词作定语、状语、宾语补足语的区别,以及不定式作状语与分词作状语的区别。2012年高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查,而且对分词的考查仍是重点。试题的测试点将呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势,但试题的难度将会有所控制。高考英语非谓语动词解题的八条经典原则1.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.A.TrainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained2._____thiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making原则一:用作目的状语,原则上要用不定式原则二:用于名词后作定语时,使用非谓语动词的原则是:用不定式,表示动作尚未发生;用现在分词,表示动作正在进行;用过去分词,表示动作已经发生,同时表示被动意义.1.TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames___inBeijingin2008.A.holdB.holdingC.heldD.tobeheld2.Therearehundredsofvisitors_____infrontoftheArtGallerytohavealookatVanGogh’spaintings.A.waitedB.towaitC.waitingD.wait3.“Things_____nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.A.lostB.losingC.tolostD.havelost2.—Thelastone_____paysthemeal.—Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving1.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_____,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.A.MovedB.movingC.tomoveD.beingmoved2.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_____hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A.saidB.saysC.sayingD.tosay原则三:用作伴随状语,原则上要用现在分词1.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet2.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,___arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching原则四:作结果状语,用现在分词或不定式,其区别是,一般要用现在分词表自然而然的结果,不定式表意外不好结果.1.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound1.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle_____.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard2.Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell_____.A.tospendB.spentC.beingspentD.spending3.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle_____toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven原则五:凡是含有被动意义时,原则上要用过去分词。但是,如果所涉及的动作尚未发生,则用不定式的被动式;如果所涉及的动作正在进行,则用现在分词的被动式1._____fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated2.Themanager,_____itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making原则七:强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时,原则上要用完成式原则八:对于固定搭配,原则上按搭配习惯处理1.____withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.)A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface2._____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed()1.[2011·全国卷]Thenextthinghesawwassmoke________frombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen真题典例【解析】Brise和smoke是主动关系,而且他所看到的是正在升起的烟,所以用rise的ing形式。rising短语作表语smoke的后置定语,相当于一个定语从句,即whichwasrising…()2.[2011·全国卷Ⅱ]Theisland,________tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined【解析】C考查非谓语动词。句意:这个岛由一座桥和大陆连着,很容易去的。island和join之间是被动关系,故需用过去分词。joinedtothemainlandbyabridge相当于一个定语从句whichisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge。真题典例()3.[2011·全国卷Ⅱ]Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,________nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying【解析】D考查非谓语动词。句意:莎拉假装很高兴,对争论没有说什么。saying…为现在分词短语,作伴随状语。says和said都作谓语;tosay表示将要说。()4.[2011·北京卷]It'simportantforthefigures________regularly.A.tobeupdatedB.tohavebeenupdatedC.toupdateD.tohaveupdated【解析】A考查非谓语动词的用法。figure(数字)和update(更新)是动宾关系,因此要用被动形式,此外,从后面的regularly(经常地)来看,更新是经常性的动作,所以应该用一般式。真题典例()5.[2011·北京卷]Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,________onyourfeet.A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept【解析】B考查非谓语动词。这里是分词作状语,描述站着的状态,用分词的一般式。句意为:坐下吧,Emma,老是站着会更累的。()6.[2011·天津卷]________intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated【解析】B考查非谓语动词的用法。translate和句子主语thesentence是动宾关系,且此动作已发生,所以要用过去分词作状语表被动完成。句意为:翻译成英文后,发现这个句子的词序完全不同了。专题五│真题典例()8.[2011·江苏卷]Recentlyasurvey________pricesofthesamegoodsintwodifferentsupermarketshascausedheateddebateamongcitizens.A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.beingcompared【解析】B考查非谓语动词。从句子结构分析,主语是asurvey,谓语部分是hascausedheateddebateamongcitizens。因此所填成分是充当survey的后置定语。根据survey和compare之间的关系是主动关系可知选择B项,相当于whichcompares…真题典例()9.[2011·福建卷]TsinghuaUniversity,________in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded【解析】C考查过去分词短语作定语。清华大学创立于1911,因此应使用过去分词表被动。()10.[2011·福建卷]ThedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheiPad2morecomfortable________.A.heldB.holdingC.beheldD.tohold【解析】D考查动词不定式作状语。句意:厚度和重量与先前版本的不同使得iPad2拿着更舒服。形容词easy,hard,difficult,comfortable作表语,后面需用不定式的主动形式表被动意思,故正确答案为D项。真题典例()13.[2011·浙江卷]Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves________forwords.A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost【解析】B考查非谓语动词。此处lost是过去分词,作find的宾语补足语。()14.[2011·四川卷]Simonmadeabigbamboobox________thelittlesickbir
本文标题:高考英语复习精品语法课件-非谓语动词分析
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