食品安全风险监测英文文献

Simulationmodellingandriskassessmentastoolstoidentifytheimpactofclimatechangeonmicrobiologicalfoodsafety–ThecasestudyoffreshproducesupplychainL.Jacxsensa,*,P.A.Luningb,J.G.A.J.vanderVorstc,F.Devliegherea,R.Leemansd,M.UyttendaeleaaDepartmentofFoodSafetyandFoodQuality,LaboratoryofFoodPreservationandFoodMicrobiology,FacultyofBioscienceEngineering,GhentUniversity,CoupureLinks,653,9000Ghent,BelgiumbProductDesignandQualityManagementGroup,DepartmentofAgrotechnologyandFoodSciences,WageningenUniversity,P.O.Box8129,NL-6700EVWageningen,TheNetherlandscLogistics,DecisionandInformationSciences,WageningenUniversity,P.O.Box8130,6700EWWageningen,TheNetherlandsdEnvironmentalSystemsAnalysisGroup,WageningenUniversity,P.O.Box47,6700AAWageningen,TheNetherlandsarticleinfoArticlehistory:Received4May2009Accepted14July2009Keywords:ClimatechangeMicrobiologicalfoodsafetyFreshproduceFoodsafetymanagementsystemabstractThecurrentqualityassuranceandcontroltoolsandmethodstopreventand/ortocontrolmicrobiologicalrisksassociatedwithfreshproducearechallengedduetothefollowingpressuresuponthefoodsupplychain,i.e.changingconsumptionpatterns,globalizationandclimatechange.Itdemonstratestheneedforscientificresearchanddevelopmentofnewand/orimprovedtools,techniquesandpracticestoadaptthecurrentriskmanagementsystems.Inthispaper,aconceptualresearchapproachispresentedtoanalysethecomplexityoftheclimatechangeandglobalizationchallengeonthefreshproducesupplychaintakenasacasestudy.Thefactorswhichaffectthevulnerabilityofthefreshproducechaindemandamultidis-ciplinaryresearchapproach.Theproposedknowledge-basedmodellingsystemisbelievedtobeamostappropriatewaytoidentifyproblemsandtooffersolutionstomonitorandpreventmicrobiologicalfoodsafetyrisksduringallphasesoffoodproductionandsupply.Toexplorethepotentialimpactofclimatechangeandglobalization,baselineinformationcanbeobtainedbysurveillanceandperformancemea-surementofimplementedfoodsafetymanagementsystems.Simulationofclimatechangescenariosandthelogisticchainoffreshproduce,alongwithmathematicalmodelstooptimizepackagingtechnol-ogytomaintainqualityandsafetyoffreshproducearetoolstoprovideinsightsinthecomplexdynamicecosystem.Theyarethebasisforelaborationofriskassessmentstudiestoscientificallysupportmanage-mentoptionsanddecisionstonewmicrobiologicalthreatsrelatedtoglobalizationandclimatechangeinthefreshproducesupplychain.Thisresearchconceptassuchwillcontributetodevelopstrategiesinordertoguaranteethe(microbiological)foodsafetyoffreshproduceonthelongterm.2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.1.IntroductionLastfewdecades,thereisanincreasingtrendtowardscon-sumptionoffreshproduce(i.e.fruits,vegetables,sproutedseedsandherbs),whichareanimportantpartofahealthydiet.Butalsoderivedfoodproductsasfresh-cutorready-to-eat(minimallypro-cessed)produceincludingrawproducesuchasleafy(consumersizedpackaged)vegetables(e.g.lettuce,cabbage,chicory,etc.),tomatoes,peppers,freshherbs(e.g.cilantro,basil,etc.),sproutedseeds,andexoticfruitmixesarebecomingpopular(Nicola,Fon-tana,Torassa,&Hoeberechts,2006;Ragaert,Verbeke,Devlieghere,&Debevere,2004).Thereisalsoatrendtowardssustainable,fresh(like)healthyconveniencefoods(e.g.smoothies)andorganicproduceandculinarypromotionof‘‘healthyfast-food”(e.g.://://).Consumptionoffreshproduceisexpectedtoincreasefurtherincomingyearsbecauseofhealthpromotion(Bianchini&Vainio,2001;Dillard&German,2000;Kaur&Kapoor,2001;Verhoeven,Verhagen,Goldbohm,vandenBrandt,&vanPoppel,1997).AtpresentEuropeisthelargestimporterandexporteroffoodproductsintheworld,thesafetyofwhichismanagedbytheEUfoodpolicy,developedtosupporttheconsumer’sconfi-denceinfoodsafety(Dorling,Newman,&Barford,2008).However,freshproducewasonlyrecentlyrecognizedasemerg-ingvehiclecausingfoodborneillnesses.Foodborneoutbreaksap-peartobeontheincreaseagain,withashiftfromtraditionalproblemswithfoodsfromanimalorigintofreshfoodssuchaspro-duce(VWA-EFSA,2008).0963-9969/$-seefrontmatter2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2009.07.009*Correspondingauthor.Tel.:[phone];fax:[phone].E-mailaddresses:[e-mail](L.Jacxsens),[e-mail](P.A.Luning),[e-mail](J.G.A.J.vanderVorst),[e-mail](F.Devlieghere),[e-mail](R.Leemans),[e-mail](M.Uyttendaele).FoodResearchInternational43(2010)1925–1935ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectFoodResearchInternationaljournalhomepage:(Ilic,Odomeru,&LeJeune,2008;Johnstonetal.,2006;Little&Gillespie,2008).Arecentre-viewdemonstratedthefuturechallengesonmicrobiologicalfoodsafetyoffreshproduce(Ragaert,Jacxsens,Vandekinderen,Baert,&Devlieghere,inpress,chap.3).EntericbacteriasuchasSalmo-nellaspp.(e.g.tomato-cilantro-peppersoutbreakinUSinSummer2008)andEscherichiacoliO157:H7(e.g.spinachoutbreakintheUSin2006)arewellacknowledgedas