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实验十一扩散硅压阻式压力传感器的压力测量实验一、实验目的:了解扩散硅压阻式压力传感器测量压力的原理与方法。二、实验仪器压力传感器模块、温度传感器模块、数显单元、直流稳压源+5V、±15V。三、实验原理在具有压阻效应的半导体材料上用扩散或离子注入法,摩托罗拉公司设计出X形硅压力传感器如下图所示:在单晶硅膜片表面形成4个阻值相等的电阻条。并将它们连接成惠斯通电桥,电桥电源端和输出端引出,用制造集成电路的方法封装起来,制成扩散硅压阻式压力传感器。扩散硅压力传感器的工作原理:在X形硅压力传感器的一个方向上加偏置电压形成电流i,当敏感芯片没有外加压力作用,内部电桥处于平衡状态,当有剪切力作用时,在垂直电流方向将会产生电场变化iE,该电场的变化引起电位变化,则在端可得到被与电流垂直方向的两测压力引起的输出电压Uo。idEdUO(11-1)式中d为元件两端距离。实验接线图如图11-2所示,MPX10有4个引出脚,1脚接地、2脚为Uo+、3脚接+5V电源、4脚为Uo-;当P1P2时,输出为正;P1P2时,输出为负。图11-1扩散硅压力传感器原理图四、实验内容与步骤1.接入+5V、±15V直流稳压电源,模块输出端Vo2接控制台上数显直流电压表,选择20V档,打开实验台总电源。4.调节Rw2到适当位置并保持不动,用导线将差动放大器的输入端Ui短路,然后调节Rw3使直流电压表200mV档显示为零,取下短路导线。5.气室1、2的两个活塞退回到刻度“17”的小孔后,使两个气室的压力相对大气压均为0,气压计指在“零”刻度处,将MPX10的输出接到差动放大器的输入端Ui,调节Rw1使直流电压表200mv档显示为零。6.保持负压力输入P2压力零不变,增大正压力输入P1的压力到0.01MPa,每隔0.005Mpa记下模块输出Uo2的电压值。直到P1的压力达到0.095Mpa;填入下表1。7.保持正压力输入P1压力0.095Mpa不变,增大负压力输入P2的压力,从0.01MPa每隔0.005Mpa记下模块输出Uo2的电压值。直到P2的压力达到0.095Mpa;填入下表2。8.保持负压力输入P2压力0.095Mpa不变,减小正压力输入P1的压力,每隔0.005Mpa00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.090.0950.1024681012P1-Uo2曲线图P1/kPUo2/V记下模块输出Uo2的电压值。直到P1的压力为0.005Mpa;填入下表3。9.保持负压力输入P1压力0Mpa不变,减小正压力输入P2的压力,每隔0.005Mpa记下模块输出Uo2的电压值。直到P2的压力为0.005Mpa;填入下表。10.实验结束后,关闭实验台电源,整理好实验设备。五、实验数据记录与分析1、保持负压力输入P2压力零不变,增大正压力输入P1的压力P1(kP)0.010.0150.0200.0250.0300.0350.0400.0450.050Uo2(V)1.6082.283.023.544.224.895.456.076.63P1(kP)0.0550.0600.0650.0700.0750.0800.0850.0900.095Uo2(V)7.057.798.218.739.259.6210.0310.5811.04(表1)用matlab绘制P1-Uo2曲线图如下图所示2、保持正压力输入P1压力0.095Mpa不变,增大负压力输入P2的压力P2(kP)0.010.0150.0200.0250.0300.0350.0400.0450.050Uo2(V)10.149.769.328.828.367.857.416.796.23P2(kP)0.0550.0600.0650.0700.0750.0800.0850.0900.095Uo2(V)5.725.084.593.853.262.561.681.120.32(表2)用matlab绘制P2-Uo2曲线图如下图所示00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.09-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-101减小P2-Uo2曲线P2/kPUo2/V00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.09-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10减小P1-Uo2曲线图P1/kPUo2/V3、保持负压力输入P2压力0.095Mpa不变,减小正压力输入P1的压力P1(kP)0.0900.0850.0800.0750.0700.0650.0600.0550.050Uo2(V)-0.67-1.33-1.95-2.57-3.13-3.67-3.95-4.51-5.13P1(kP)0.0450.0400.0350.0300.0250.0200.0150.0100.005Uo2(V)-5.57-6.01-6.27-6.70-7.18-7.52-7.90-8.22-8.55(表3)用matlab绘制P1-Uo2曲线图如下图所示00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.09-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-101减小P2-Uo2曲线P2/kPUo2/V00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.090.0950.1024681012P1-Uo2拟合直线P1/kPUo2/Vdata1线性4、保持负压力输入P1压力0Mpa不变,减小正压力输入P2的压力P2(kP)0.0900.0850.0800.0750.0700.0650.0600.0550.050Uo2(V)-8.05-7.71-7.30-6.92-6.50-6.11-5.70-5.34-4.89P2(kP)0.0450.0400.0350.0300.0250.0200.0150.0100.005Uo2(V)-4.39-3.92-3.42-2.86-2.30-1.65-1.07-0.400.29(表4)用matlab绘制的P2-Uo2曲线图如下图所示5、灵敏度及非线性误差计算线性拟合直线的斜率即为所求的灵敏度,故对上面的曲线图依次进行线性拟合,如下图所示(红色为拟合直线),并由此算出其灵敏度和非线性误差。灵敏度L=ΔU/ΔP=拟合直线斜率非线性误差δf=Δm/yF..S×100%(Δm为输出值与拟合直线的最大偏差,yF·S为满量程输出平均值)(1)00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.090.0950.1024681012P2-Uo2曲线图气压P2/kPUo2/Vdata1线性00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.09-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10减小P1-Uo2曲线图P1/kPUo2/Vdata1线性y=p1*x+p2p1=110.3p2=0.87657由图读出Δm=0.392故灵敏度S=L=ΔU/ΔP=p1=110.3v/kp非线性误差δf=(0.392/11.4)×100%=3.5%(2)y=p1*x+p2p1=-115.24p2=11.765由图读出Δm=0.65故灵敏度L=ΔU/ΔP=p1=-115.24v/kp非线性误差δf=(0.65/10.72)×100%=6.1%(3)y=p1*x+p2p1=91.498p2=-9.3923由图读出Δm=0.45故灵敏度L=ΔU/ΔP=p1=91.498v/kp非线性误差δf=(0.45/8.87)×100%=5.1%00.0050.010.0150.020.0250.030.0350.040.0450.050.0550.060.0650.070.0750.080.0850.09-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-101减小P2-Uo2曲线P2/kPUo2/Vdata1线性(4)y=p1*x+p2p1=-96.409p2=0.23275由图读出Δm=0.58故灵敏度L=ΔU/ΔP=p1=-96.409v/kp非线性误差δf=(0.58/8.84)×100%=6.6%六、实验报告1.根据实验所得数据,计算压力传感器输入P(P1-P2)—输出Uo2曲线。计算灵敏度L=ΔU/ΔP,非线性误差δf。图11-2扩散硅压力传感器接线图
本文标题:扩散硅压阻式压力传感器的压力测量实验
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