Unit 4 Earthquake Language Points 简洁

1.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.rise(rose,risen)vi.1）Herosefromhischairwhenthedoorbellrang.2）Hehasformedthehabitofrisingearlyinthemorning.3)Sheusuallyrisesearlyinthemorning.4)Thefloodhasrisentwofeet.Hertemperatureisstillrising.Thepriceoftomatoeshasrisenrecently.“站起来；起床；（自然）上升，常用于日月云霞烟水蒸气、物价、温度、河水、潮水及人的职位等”(不能用于被动语态)1）Theycanraisericehere.2）Herjobisraisingchickens.3）Shehastoraisefivechildrenbyherself.4）Let’sraiseglassestothefriendship.5）People’slivingstandardhasgreatlybeenraised.raise(raised,raised)vt.“举起，提高”，“种植，饲养；养育，抚育”(可用于被动语态)2.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.smellyadj.发臭的smell+y=adj.wind----windyice----icyhealth----healthywealth----wealthysmelln./v(smelt/smelled)Theywereallhungryandthefood______good.Ican______somethingburninginthekitchen.Pleasethrowthe_______fishaway.smeltsmellsmelly3.…thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedand_____.burstburstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂，爆发Theballoonsuddenlyburst.burstinto闯入Somerobbersburstintothathouse.Heburstintolaughter.=Heburstoutlaughing.Heburstintotears.=Heburstoutcrying.突然……burstinto+n.burstout+doing……4.thinklittleof“对…不在意，对…没多考虑”Hethoughtlittleofhisfuture.相关词组：thinkhighlyof“对…评价高，对…印象好”thinkbadly/poorly/illof“对…评价低/糟糕”thinknothingof“认为…没什么了不起，觉得…不怎么样”5.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.1)asif“似乎，好像”=asthoughShespoketomeasifsheknewme.asif在look，seem等系动词后引导表语从句。Itseemsasifourteamisgoingtowin.还可引导方式状语从句。Shelovestheboyasifshewerehismother.asif从句的语气及时态一.asif从句用陈述语气相对于虚拟语气而言，说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。听起来像是在下雨。Itsoundsasifitisraining．Hetalksasifheisdrunk.从他说话的样子来看他是醉了。二.asif从句用虚拟语气当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。Youlookasifyoudidn’tcare.Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas.（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”Heopenshismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.2)atanend“结束”Thewarwasatanend.Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend.end用作名词构成的短语:attheend(of)在……末尾bytheendof到……为止intheend最后,终于cometoanend完结用end构成的短语填空。Thecoldweatheratlaststopped____________March.Ourhuntforacheaperbutlargerhouseisatlast________.Ifyougoonwithwork,you’llsucceed_________.HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearned____________lastterm?attheendofatanendintheendbytheendof6.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.ruin在此为名词,意为“废墟”，常和介词in搭配,inruins意为“成废墟,垮掉,毁灭”。如：Thisearthquakeleftthewholetowninruins.Hisfutureis/liesinruins.ruin用作名词,构成的常见短语有：be/lieinruins变成废墟gotoruin=fallintoruin衰落,败落Hehadletthefarmgotoruin.ruin还可作动词,意为“毁坏,毁掉”，ruined作形容词时,只用在名词前，意为“毁坏的,破败不堪的”。如：Thisillnesshasruinedhislife.Therainruinedmypainting.Whenwegotthere,wesawaruinedcastle.7.Injurev.n.injuryadj.injuredtheinjured伤者,伤员Hesufferedseriousinjuriestothearmsandlegs.Manyoftheinjuredarestillinaseriouscondition.Hurt，wound，injurehurt普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可精神上、感情上的伤害。wound指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤，它可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指人们精神上的创伤。injure比hurt正式，一般指由于意外或事故而造成的伤害，也可以表示损害名誉、伤害感情等，强调功能的损失。Hewasslightly________inthecaraccident.Hegot_________inthefighting.Whatyousaid_____myfeeling.injuredwoundedhurt8.Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.anumberof许多,大量agreat/good/largenumberofAnumberofstudentsareplantingtreesonthehill．anumberof修饰可数名词的复数,number前可用large,small,good,certain,great等修饰词。当它修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数。注意:thenumberof意为“……的数量,数目”,当它与后面的名词连用时,中心词是thenumber,做主语时谓语用单数。用anumberof和thenumberof填空。____________studentsarewatchingthegamesontheplayground.______________treesplantedinourvillageisneverunder200everyyear.ThenumberofAnumberof辨析:a(great)numberof;agreatdealof;alotof;plentyofa(great)numberof修饰可数名词,跟复数形式;agreatdealof修饰不可数名词;alotof后面既可以加可数名词,也可以加不可数名词;plentyof后面既可以加可数名词,也可以加不可数名词。9.Peoplewereshocked.shock:n.打击;震惊,震动vt.使震惊,使惊愕shocking:adj.令人震惊的Thenewsofhiswife’sdeathwasaterribleshocktohim.Iwasshockedbyhisrudeness.Hisfailureintheexamwasshockingtohisparents.10.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.trap1)做动词①困住,使陷于困境如:Dozensofpeopleweretrappedinthebuildingwhenthefiretookplace.There’snowayout!We’retrapped!②诱骗,诱使(trapsbintodoingsth)”;夹住,压扁;把……储存如:Iwastrappedintotellingalie.Takecarenottotrapyourfingersinthedoor.Howcanyoutrapthesun’sheat?2)trap还可作名词,意为“圈套;陷阱；计谋”,构成的常见短语有：setatrap设置陷阱fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套11.Peoplebeganto________howlongthedisasterwouldlast.Itisnowonder(that)=Nowonder(that)难怪……wonder---Tomoftenworksdeepintothenighteveryday.---Nowonderhealwaysgetsfirstintheexaminations.12.Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。（部分否定句）表示“全体”意义的代词、形容词或副词，如all,both,every,everything,everybody,everyone等，和否定副词not连用时均表示部分否定。all…not…=notall…Allpeopleherearenotfriendly.=Notallpeopleherearefriendly.Allpeoplehereareunfriendly.Allthestudentscouldnotunderstandwhathesaid.不是所有的学生都懂得他所说的话。=Notallthestudentscouldunderstandwhathesaid.14.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.digout挖掘;发现Thedogburiedtheboneintheground.buryoneselfin=beburiedin埋头于……，专心于……Iburiedmyselfinmystudies.Iwasburiedinmystudies.devoteoneselfto=bedevotedto致力于……，献身于……Shedevotesherselftohercountry.Sheisdevotedtohercountry.