人教版高中英语必修Book8 Unit5

Unit5Meetingyourancestors基础落实Ⅰ.词汇与派生1．[stɑːveIʃn]n．饿死；挨饿→vi.挨饿2．[|Intə′rʌpt]vi.&vt.打岔；打断……讲话→interruptionn．中断，打断3．[′mesI]adj.dirtyoruntidy4．[dI′liːt]vt.删除5．[′kIndəːɡɑːtn]n．幼儿园6．[biːst]n．野兽7．[′skrætʃ]vt.抓；擦伤；刮坏；搔；n.(刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠starvationstarveinterruptmessydeletekindergartenbeastscratch8．[ə′rest]vt.&n．逮捕9．[ə′kjuːt]adj.严重的；敏锐的10．[′ʃɑːpən]vt.&vi.锋利；尖锐11．[′prImItIv]adj.原始的；远古的12．[ə′næləsIs]n．分析13．[sIɡ′nIfIkəns]n．意义；重要性→significantadj.重要的14．[ə′kædəmI]n．学院；学会；学术团体15．[ə′plɔːd]vt.&vi.鼓掌欢迎16．[ək′seləreIt]vt.&vi.加速；促进acutearrestsharpenprimitiveanalysissignificanceacademyapplaudaccelerate语境助记——词不离句，句不离段Mr.Brown，anacutepolitician，gaveasignificantspeechthatalotofpoorpeoplehavenoalternativebuttostarvetodeathandregardlessofothers，richpeopleshouldhelpimprovetheirmessylivingconditions.Hewasinterruptedbytheaudienceapplaudingfromtimetotime.Assumingthatifallofusdosuchthingsinasystematicway，we’llacceleratethedevelopmentofsociety.Ⅱ.短语与拓展1．look向前看；为将来打算look调查2．dateto追溯到……3．fedup受够了，厌烦；饱受be厌烦……4．cut切碎5．most至多atleast至少aheadintobackwithtiredofupat6．regardless不管，不顾regards至于；关于7．arrestsb....因……而逮捕某人8．relief欣慰地beproudtakepride10．turnsb.help向某人求助asforwithofintoforof以……为骄傲Ⅲ.句式与运用1．Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick，whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚。这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。句式分析“mighthave＋过去分词”用来表示对过去某种情况的猜测，意为“可能发生了某事”，只用于肯定句。句式仿写你本来可以更用功些。Youmighthavebeenmorediligent.2．Ifonlyitcouldbejustlikelastyear！要是能跟去年那样该有多好呀！句式分析“ifonly＋句子”是一个固定句型，表示一种愿望，意为“要是……就好了/但愿……！”句式仿写我要是能讲几种外语就好了！Icouldspeakseveralforeignlanguages!Ifonly3．Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来不往前走了。句式分析句中“haddone...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“(刚)做完了……就在那时……”。句式仿写我刚睡着他就回来了。Ihadjustgonetosleepwhenhecameback.Ⅳ.高考源于教材1．Canyouthinkofthealternativeswewouldusetoday？(教材原句)Asthereislessandlesscoalandoil，scientistsareexploringnewwaysofmakinguseofenergy，suchassunlight，windandwaterforpowerandfuel.(2009·湖北，27)A．primaryB．alternativeC．instantD．unique解析primary初等的；最初的；alternative可供替代的；可选择的；instant立即的；即刻的；unique独一无二的。由常识可知，阳光、风力及水力都是可替代能源，故B项正确。explorenewwaysofdoingsth.探索做某事的新方法。答案B2．Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear！(教材原句)Nomatterhowlowyouconsideryourself，thereisalwayssomeoneyouwishingtheywerethathigh.(2010·安徽，22)A．gettingridofB．gettingalongwithC．lookinguptoD．lookingdownupon解析句意为：不管你认为自己多么不好，总会有人崇拜你，并希望能像你那样。getridof除去，去掉；getalongwith和……相处；lookupto崇拜，尊敬；lookdownupon歧视，看不起。根据句意应选C项。C3．Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，thecold.(教材原句)Thisspecialschoolacceptsalldisabledstudents，educationallevelandbackground.(2009·江苏，30)A．accordingtoB．regardlessofC．inadditiontoD．intermsof解析accordingto根据；regardlessof不管，不顾；inadditionto除……之外(还)；intermsof从……的观点，从……的角度。本题选B项。句意为：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的受教育水平和背景如何。BⅤ.单元知识活用翻译句子1．昨晚，我准备好上床睡觉。(bepreparedtodo)2．我意识到由于粗心忘了锁教室门。(dueto)Iwaspreparedtogotobedlastnight.IrealizedthatIforgottolocktheclassroomduetocarelessness.3．不管寒冷，我决定回去锁教室门。(regardlessof)4．在去往教室的路上，我看见远处有一个白色的人影。(inthedistance)5．当走到他跟前时，我发现是我的同学Tom，他已经锁上了教室门。我禁不住高兴地跳了起来。Regardlessofthecold，Ideterminedtogobacktolocktheclassroom.Isawawhitefigureinthedistanceonthewaytotheclassroom.WhenIcameuptohim，Ifounditwasmyclassmate—Tom，whohadlockedtheclassroom.Icouldn’thelpjumpinghappily.连句成篇——用适当的关联词或句将上述句子连接成文IwaspreparedtogotobedlastnightwhenIrealizedthatIforgottolocktheclassroomduetocarelessness.Regardlessofthecold，Ideterminedtogobacktolockit.Onthewaytotheclassroom，Isawawhitefigureinthedistance.WhenIcameuptohim，Ifounditwasmyclassmate—Tom，whohadlockedtheclassroom.Knowingthis，Icouldn’thelpjumpinghappily.考点探究重点单词1．alternativen．可供选择的事物；选择对象；adj.供选择的；其他的alternativeenergy可替代能源analternative...……的替代品havenoalternativesth.别无选择只好做……Thereis...别无选择tobuttodonoalternativealternative，choice，selection易混辨析(1)alternative一般强调在只有两种可能性或者行为方式之间进行的选择。(2)choice泛指从一组人或物中进行的自由选择，指“选择，挑选，抉择”。(3)selection含有从许多可供选择的人或物中择优选拔的意思。用alternative，choice，selection填空(1)Parentsshouldbecarefulintheirofthemoviestheiryoungchildrensee.(2)Thestoreoffersawideoffruitandvegetables.(3)TherewasnobuttoclosetheroaduntilFriday.selectionchoicealternative2．assumev．假设，设想；认为n．假定，设想assumethat...假设……；认为……assumesb....认为某人是……Itisassumedthat...人们认为……assuming(that)...假设……(引导条件状语从句)theassumptionthat...在假定……的情况下Thereisanassumptionthat...有人臆断……anassumption作出臆断assumptiontobeonmake(1)Whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh，thelatterisduetotheformer.(2009·江苏，31)在那些失业率和犯罪率都很高的地方，我们可以认为后者的发生归因于前者。(2)—Iassumethatthisisonlyamatteroftime.——我认为这只是时间问题。—Iassumeso，too.——我也是这样认为的。(3)itrainstomorrow，whatshallwedo？假设明天下雨，我们该怎么办？itcanbeassumedthatAssumingthat语境活用(普遍认为)hardworkleadstogreatsuccess.Soweall(认为他会)successful.But(假设)heisn’tthatlucky，whatshallwedotocomforthim?Itisassumedthatassumehimtobeassuming3．significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义adj.有重大意义的；显著的beofsignificance很重要attachsignificancesth.认为……很重要；重视……be重要的；有意义的significantthat...很明显的是……(1)Therehasbeenasignificantimprovementfromthecompany’ssafetyrecords.从该公司的安全记录来看已有重大的改进。(2)HisadviceonEnglishstudygreattothebeginners