2019考研英语长难句解密讲义(附加讲义-何凯文)

1目录英中文转化过程中在句子层面的障碍.............................................................................1英语句子的分类：..............................................................................................................2一、定语.............................................................................................................................2二、同位语.........................................................................................................................3三、状语.............................................................................................................................4四、插入语.........................................................................................................................5主从复合句语序障碍的解决：..........................................................................................6定语从句语序障碍的解决：.....................................................................................6同位语从句：（其他从句）.......................................................................................7特别备注：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，状语从句.....................................8考研英语句子的阅读实战分析法：.........................................................................................9一.确定主干：....................................................................................................................9二.切分成分：....................................................................................................................9三.独立成句：....................................................................................................................9真题实战...................................................................................................................................11附录一：50个可接双宾语的高频动词..................................................................................18附录二：接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词....................................................................2012019版考研英语长难句解密讲义（配合考研英语长难句解密图书使用）（内部讲义翻印必究）主讲人：何凯文Thefuturehasarrived.Itcommencesnow.未来已来，始于现在英中文转化过程中在句子层面的障碍语义：词汇（语境）语序：Thelawisreasonfreefrompassion.英语句子转换为中文时没有语序障碍的情况:1.主+谓2.主+谓+宾3.主+谓+双宾4.主+谓+宾补5.主+系+表语例句：1.主谓结构(1)Kitesrise.(2)Educationpays.(3)Thefuturehasarrived.(4)Itcommences(now).【Sthcommences./Sthcommenceswithsth】Yoursuccesscommenceswithyourreason.(Kitesrisehighestagainstthewind-notwithit.)2.主谓宾结构：(1)【(Sbcommencessth)】TheNHScommencestheresearch.(2)Prosperitymakesfriends.Adversitytriesthem.3.主谓双宾语结构：Thetimeoffersustheopportunity.Thetimeawardstheinnovativepeoplethegenerousreturns.Thedemocraticsocietygivesthespeechfreedomthewidestlatitude.(givesbsth/givesthsth)4.主谓宾宾补结构：Thesocialmediahasleftusvulnerabletothemisleadinginformation.（更多词见附录）Thescientificplanpreventsusmakingthedetour.5.主系表结构：Todividepeopleintogoodandbadisabsurd.(Itisabsurdtodividepeopleintogoodandbad.)Peopleareeithercharmingortedious.One'sfirstloveisalwaysperfect/untilonemeetsone'ssecondlove.2019考研英语长难句解密讲义2英语句子的分类：句和句简单句的定义：简单句语序障碍的来源和解决：简单句的障碍来源：1.2.3.4.简单句语序障碍的识别及处理方法一、定语作用和识别：修饰和限定名词的成分；名词前的叫前置定语；名词后的叫后置定语；前置定语：识别：1.形容词2.现在分词3.过去分词4.代词5.名词例子1）Fatpayrise2）Luxurygoods/luxuriousgoods3）Commonancestor/commondream4）theunderlyingassumption5）smallbutvocallocalgroup6）thesoundadvice/thesoundunderstanding7）separatebutadjoiningchamber8）legislativeinitiative9)conservationmeasures10)twodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostilebranches11)upliftingmotives12）gaymarriage/gaygenius处理：形容词+名词=名词短语后置定语：形容词短语thoseunawareofthedisaster现在分词短语Otomanfightingwithxiaoguaisou过去分词短apicturepaintedbyPicasson.+不定式短语therighttodie介词短语thelinkbetweendreamsandemotions例子：Hesuccessfullyfoughtalawsuitinvolvingafootballplayerwhowasparalyzedinagame.处理：(1)(2)1.介词短语：【介词+名词】Areputationforslackingthevalueofgoodsandservices2019考研英语长难句解密讲义3thepresenceofgrapesthepresenceofmobilephonethepresenceoftelescopethesenseoffairnessproductsofhighqualitythebookofvalue2.不定式短语：【todo+名词/todo/】therighttodefinephysicalbeauty.3.形容词短语：【形容词+介词+名词/形容词+todo】thequestionhardtoanswer;4.现在分词短语：thewebsitepromotingextremedieting5.过去分词短语：theresearchcarriedbytheexpertpanel二、同位语定义和作用：补充说明名词或者句子（增加语言的多样性。）同位语的处理：独立成句识别：（1）B=AisBA，B/A-B/AorB：（2）A=thisisA.This=名词/句子A和B都是名词TheseareA句子，A/句子-A例子：1.TheU.Sworkershaveachievedabout95%oftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingreceivedonthejob.Thisisaresultofthetrainingreceivedonthejob2.Theschooleducationshouldemphasizethebravery,honesty，innovation，tolerance，decency，affection，integrityandreason—importantqualitynecessarytotheharmonyofthesociety.Theseareimportantqualitynecessarytotheharmonyofthesociety.3.Manyfactors—sexualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope—promotesomeNewEnglanders’decisiontoleavetheEngland.Thesearesexualconfusion,economicfrustrations,andreligioushope4.Theunfocusednewspaperreviewswerepublishedbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarII,atimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheap.Thisisatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheap5.Thereisonlyoneheroismintheworld—toseetheworldasitisandtoloveit.Thisistoseetheworldasitisandtoloveit6.TheCourtsupportedthemedicalprincipleofdouble