Hybrid-Electric vehicles as the future

AnAnalysisofHybrid-ElectricVehiclesastheCaroftheFuturebyHeejayKangSUBMITTEDTOTHEDEPARTMENTOFMECHANICALENGINEERINGINPARTIALFULFILLMENTOFTHEREQURIEMENTSFORTHEDEGREEOF[e-mail]ITpermissiontoreproduceandtodistributepubliclypaperandelectroniccopiesofthisthesisdocumentinwholeorinpartinanymediumnowknownorhereaftercreatedSignatureofAuthor:.............................................................................DepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringMay11,2007Certifiedby:................................................Sang-GookKimAssociateProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringThesisSupervisorAcceptedby:.............................................................................JohnH.LienhardVProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringChairman,UndergraduateThesisCommitteeMASSACHUSETTINSTiECECHNOLOGYJUBRIE212007L-!1-BRARIESAnAnalysisofHybrid-ElectricVehiclesastheCaroftheFuturebyHeejayKangSubmittedtotheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringonMay11,2007inpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementsfortheDegreeofBachelorofScienceinEngineeringasrecommendedbytheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineeringAbstract:ThisthesiswillexaminethevalidityofthebenefitsoftheHybrid-ElectricVehicle(HEV).Withtherecentfocusonenergyinitiatives,reflectedthroughBush'sstateoftheunion,aswellasPresidentHockfield'sMITEnergyInitiative,weareheavilyinvestingresourcestotackletheenergyconsumptionproblem.TheHEViswidelytoutedastheapparentanswertotheglobalenvironmentalconcernsasasubstitutetotheconventionalvehiclethatcanlowerfuelusageandtoxicemissions.Weexplorethisenvironmentallyresponsibleclaimthroughfourspectrumsofinterest:theconsumer,theautomaker,thegovernment,andtheenvironmentalist.AfterdeterminingthedifferentparametersthataffectHEVintegration,wecandoamorethoroughanalysisofenergyandcostconsumptionthroughthewholevehiclelifecycle,throughtheprocessofproduction,use,anddisposalinacomparativestudywithotheralternativefuelvehicles.WeconcludewithapolicyrecommendationtointegratingHEVvehiclesasasustainableindustryandhowitfitsintothepictureforthefutureofthetransportationindustry.ThesisSupervisor:Sang-GookKimTitle:AssociateProfessorofMechanicalEngineeringAcknowledgementsIwouldliketothankProfessorKim,mythesisadvisorforhiscontinuedsupportandinsightwhilecompletingthisthesis.HisguidanceandperspectivebroughtchallengesandnewlighttothesubjectasIcompletedmyresearch.Iamveryprivilegedtohaveworkedwithhim.TableofContentsAbstract:....................................................................................................................................2Acknowledgements.................................................................................................................3TableofContents.......................................................................................41.Introduction.........................................51.1Context..................................................................................................................................51.2RoadMap............................................................................................................52.Background...............................................................................................................................62.1HondaIntegratedMotorAssist(IMA)...............................................92.2ToyotaPrius..............................................102.3GMtransmission..................................................................................................................112.4FordFiesta................................................................................................................123.EvaluationofHEV........................................................................................133.1Consumerperspective.................................................................................................153.2Automakers..................................................................213.2.1AlookattheElectricVehicle.............................................................................223.2.2EffectofHybridSalesinAutoindustry.......................................................223.3Government....................................................................................................................233.4EnvironmentalGroups....................................................................................................244.ComparativeAnalysis...................................................................................................................254.1LifeCycleAnalysis(LCA)&LifeCycleCostAnalysis(LCCA)............................................265.FutureProjections........................................................................................................................285.1Plug-inHybrids....................................................................................................................316.Conclusion......