虚拟语气(表格整理)

虚拟语气（SubjunctiveMood）1.if（条件状语从句）从句谓语（if）主句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反did/werewould/could/should/might+doIfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.与过去事实相反haddonewould/could/should/might+havedoneIfyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexam.与将来事实相反①did②shoulddo③weretodowould/could/should/might+doIfitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.主、从句时间不一致，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。eg.：IfIhadworkedhardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.“were,had,should+主语”放句首（否定词not不能放前面）。eg.:①WereIinschoolagain，Iwouldworkharder.②Hadyoubeenhereearlier,youwouldhaveseenhim.③Shouldtherebeameetingtomorrow,Iwouldcome.注意：Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoItaly.(√）Weren’titfortheexpense,IwouldgotoItaly.(×）常用词：①介词：with,without,butfor(要不是，如果没有）；②连词：or,but；③副词：otherwise.eg.:①Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.②Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinisheditinadvance.③Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhadtakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhad...2.wish（宾语从句）/ifonly(要是……就好了）从句谓语形式例句①Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.②IfonlyIwereabird!与过去事实相反haddone①Jackdrovefastandwasinanaccident.Hesaid,“IwishIhaddrivenmorecarefully!”.②IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.would/could/mightdoIwishyoucouldgowithustomorrow.3.wouldrather+从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）从句谓语形式例句与现在或将来事实相反did/wereIwouldratheryoucametomorrow.与过去事实相反haddoneI’dratheryouhadn’tbeenpresent.条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）错综时间条件句与现在事实相反与将来事实相反did/were4.asif/asthough,evenif/though+从句从句谓语形式例句与现在事实相反did/wereHelookedasifhewereanartist.HetalkedabouttheGreatWallasifhehadbeentherebefore.would/could/mightdoHeopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.注意：1.在asif/asthough句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。eg.:Helooksasifheisgoingtobeill.2.asthough或asif引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。eg.:Thegirllefttheroomhurriedlyasif(shewas)angry.---------------------------------------------------------------------5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，用“（should）+动词原形”。Verb.注意一个“坚持”insist1.eg:Sheproposedthatthebook(should)bebanned.她提议查禁这本书。2.insist作“立言；强调”时，不能用虚拟语气；作“坚持（认为）；坚持（应该）”时用虚拟语气。·Mikeinsistedthathehadneverstolenanything.迈克强调他没有偷任何东西。·Heinsistedthathe(should)come.他执意要她来。3.suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，用陈述语气；表示“建议”时，用虚拟语气。·Herexpressionsuggested(表明）thatshetoldalie.ordercommand三个“建议”suggestadviceproposeaskdemandrequestrequire6.虚拟语气用于主语从句Itis(was)+adj.（或过去分词）+that+sb/sth(should)do常用的形容词natural，necessary，important，possible，strange例句Itisnecessarythathe(should)besentthereatonce.suggested，ordered，demanded，required，requested，proposed,advised,decided例句Ithasbeendecidedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itis(was)+名词+that+sb/sth(should)do常用的名词advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal,recommendation(推荐；建议），suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder例句Itwasapitythatyoushouldbesocareless.与将来事实相反与过去事实相反两个“命令”四个“要求”过去分词haddone7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句[用（should)+动词原形]常用名词Idea,proposal,suggestion,order,plan,decision,advice,desire表语从句Ourplanisthatwe(should)haveasportsmeetnextweek.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest(should)befinishedbefore5:30.8.虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在Itis(high)time(that)...句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形（should不能省略，be用were来表示），意为“（现在）该……”。谓语动词用过去式Itishightimeweweregoing.我们现在就走。should(不能省）+doItis(high)timewushouldleave.是我们离开的时候了。【好题珍藏】1.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.（PanoM6P16:15)A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretolive【解析】主句说明了客观事实，if从句是对将来事实的假设。见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与将来事实相反”。【答案】D2.IfMr.Deweypresent,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.（PanoM6P16:16)A.wereB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.was【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与过去事实相反”。【答案】B3.nomoderntelecommunications，wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.（PanoM6P16:17)A.WerethereB.HadtherebeenC.IfthereareD.Iftherehavebeen【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况”。补充完整是：Iftherewerenomoderntelecommunications，...【答案】A4.Wewouldratherourdaughterathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.（PanoM6P16:18)A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay【解析】见“3.wouldrather+从句——与现在或将来事实相反”。【答案】C5.IfI(work)hardatschool,Iwouldbeanengineer,too.（M6P33:II.1)【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——错综时间条件句”。【答案】hadworked同位语从句6.---Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletely.---Iwishtheyalwayslate.（PanoM6P16:20)A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen【解析】见“2.wish（宾语从句）——与现在事实相反”。【答案】A7.WithouttheInternet,life(be)quitedifferentnowadays.【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。【答案】wouldbe8.Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnot(make)suchrapidprgress.【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。【答案】havemade9.IfonlyI(arrive)intime!（PanoM6P31:I.7)【解析】见“2.ifonly(要是……就好了)——与过去事实相反”。【答案】hadarrived10.Iwasn’tthere.OtherwiseIwould(trap)inthefire,too.【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。【答案】havebeentrapped11.Thankyousomuch!Butforyourtextmessage,IhomewithoutmyIDcardthismorning.（PanoM6P33:14)A.wouldhaveleftB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.left【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。【答案】A12.Thepriceshavebeenrisingallthetime,especiallythatofhousing.Soitishightimethegovernmentactiontosolveit.（PanoM6P33:15)A.takesB.hastakenC.tookD.totake【解析】见“8.虚拟语气用于定语从句”。【答案】C13.Tomakethemostofyourtime,liveeverymomentasifityoulast.A.isB.wouldbeC.wer