英语听力测试命题原则与方法

一、设计听力测试题应遵循的几个原则1．题型要根据测试目的来确定，主观题型与客观题型相结合。2．原文最好是口语材料，要反映交际功能，涉及词汇应是口语涉及的高频词汇。3．原文要适合考生的年龄特点和生活实际。4．试题的设计要充分考虑卷面上的阅读负担问题，要突出听力理解的考查，尽量减少阅读量。5．要确保听力题必须通过听作答，通过读题可作答的题没有意义。6．选项以3个为宜，力争简洁，这样有助于控制阅读量，也有助于降低命题的难度。7、不设置语法错误的选项，以免混淆考查重点。8、朗读速度以每分钟80－100为宜。二、听力测试题型及命题办法第一类听句子（一）听句子选词语。题型一：听句子，选出你在句中听到的单词或短【例1】原文：Thereisadogunderthetable.书面选项：A.onB.underC.over【例2】原文：Mybrotherisgoingabroadforfurtherstudynextyear..书面选项：A.furtherstudyB.favoritestoryC.nicestart题型二：选出你所听到的句子【例】原文：BothTomandJimwanttogotoHawaiiforaholiday.书面选项：A.BothTomandJimwouldgotoHawaiiforaholiday.B.BothTomandJimwon’tgotoHawaiiforaholiday.C.BothTomandJimwanttogotoHawaiiforaholiday.（二）听句子，从选项中选择意思相同或相近的一项【例】原文：Ipreferpopmusictoclassicalmusic.书面选项：A.Ilikeclassicalmusicbetter.B.Ilikepopmusicbetterthanclassicalmusic.C.I’dliketolistentoallkindsofmusic.（三）听句子或句组选图画【例】原文：Billlikesballgames.Look!Heisplayingfootballwithhisclassmates.书面选项：图A踢足球图B打篮球图C打排球(四)听句子做应答【例1】原文：Wouldyouliketogooutwithustohaveacupofcoffeenow?书面选项：A.I’dloveto,butI’mnotfreenow.B.Yes,please,andwe’llhaveagoodtime.C.No,it’snotagoodidea,forIliketea.【例2】原文：I’msorryIhavebrokenyourcup.书面选项：A.Noproblem.B.Nevermind.C.Mypleasure.第二类听对话（一）听短对话1、听短对话选择正确答案2、听短对话回答问题3、听短对话及问题选择正确答案4、听短对话及问题选择正确图画（如我省中考英语听力样题第一题）【例】原文：W:(Excuseme,sir.)Whereisthenearestbookshop,please?M:Sorry,Idon’tknow.(Er…Ithinkyoucanaskthepolicemanoverthere.)W:Thankyouallthesame.(添加括号中的语句更好些,在实际生活交谈时,经常使用零碎语,如er,mm,hm,ah,well等)Q:Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?书面选项：（选择式）(文字)A.Thebookshop.B.Thefoodshop.C.Thebusshop.(图片)ABC(非选择式）_____________.(Thenearestbookshop)（二）听长对话1、听对话选择正确答案（问题在试卷上）2、听对话及问题选择正确答案（问题在录音中）【例】原文：W：Areyougoingtothecinematonight?IhearthereisanAmericanfilm.M：I’dliketo.Ihappentobefreethisevening.What’sthefilmabout？W：It’sabout“HowblackpeoplewerebroughttoAmericafromAfrica”．Irememberthenamenow.It’s“Roots”.M：Oh！It’saworldfamousstorywrittenbyWilliamHadley.I’veheardaboutit,butI’veneverreadit.W：Mymotherhasboughttwoticketsalready.Let’sgotogether．M：Thankyou,thenwhenshallwemeet？W：Thefilmstartsatsixforty-five.I’11waitforyouatNo.3busstopatsixo’clock.Don’tbelate.M：OK.Seeyoulater．W：Seeyoulater.Questions:1.WhatwiIltheboyandthegirldothisevening？2.WhenwiIltheymeetatthebusstop？3.Whoboughtthetickets？书面选项:1.A.Seeafilm.(比Theywillseeafilm.更简洁)B.Goforawalk.C.Readabook.2.A.At6:45.B:At6:00.(原文信息词Atsix.用阿拉伯数字体现信息转换)C.At6:30.3.A.Theboy.B.Thegirl.C.Thegirl’smother.3、听对话连线（我省中考英语听力样题B）【例】原文:MsLiu:WhatareyoudoinginBeijing,Tim?Tim:I’mstudyingChineseatBeijingUniversity.MsLiu:That’sagooduniversity.Doyouthinkit’shard?Tim:Alittle.Ihavehomeworkeveryday,andtherearesomanytests!MsLiu:Well,keepstudying,andyou’llgetonwellwithyourstudies..Tim:I’msureIwill.MsLiu:Bytheway,areyouparentswithyouhere?Tim:No,I’malonehere.Whatdoyoudoforaliving,MsLiu?MsLiu:Iworkinabank.Tim:Thatsoundsinteresting.MsLiu:Sometimesitis,butit’salsohardwork.We’realwaysverybusy.Tim:Iknowhowyoufeel.So,doyoutakelongvacations?MsLiu:Notreally.Thebankneedsustoworkallyear.Ofcourse,wecantakevacations,butonlyforafewdaysoraweek.书面题目：1.TimA.isworkingatBeijingUniversity.2.MsLiuB.isn’tinBeijing.3.Tim’sfatherC.worksinabank.4.TimhasD.isastudentofBeijingUniversity.E.onlyalittleworktodo.F.lotsofhomeworkandmanytests.Key：1-4DCBF4、听对话或短文在表格或图表中填入正确的信息（如我省中考英语听力样题D）原文：A:Hello,who’sthatspeaking?B:Hello,thisisMike.MayIspeaktoMary,please?A:I’msorrysheisnotin.shewenttotheshopjustnow.B:I’msorrytohearthat.A:ThisisJackspeaking.CanItakeamessageforyou?B:Yes,please.Whenshecomesback,tellhertoringbackatabout5:30thisafternoon.I’mwaitingforhercall.Ihaveboughttwoticketsforthefilmthisevening.Pleasetellhernottobuyanymore.A:Whatisyourtelephonenumber,please?B:Mynumberis5878320.Thankyouforyourhelp.A:Youarewelcome.Bye!B:Goodbye!试题：TELEPHONEMESSAGEFrom:(1)_______To:_______Date:March23Time:10:30Message:(3)_______(4)_______tohimatabout(5)______inthe(6)_______.Don’tbuyanymore(7)_______.Hisphonenumberis(8)_______.Key:1.Mike2.Mary3.Ring4.back5.5:306.afternoon7.tickets8.5878320第三类听短文（独白）（一）听短文选择正确答案（二）听短文回答问题（三）听短文判断正误（四）听短文完成句子（五）听短文填写所缺的单词（听写，很少使用）（六）听短文在表格或图表中填入正确的信息【例】原文：MynameisLiHua.I’m25yearsold.Iliveat128QingbinRoad,NangangDistrictinHarbin.Mytelephonenumberis86308321.Ilikelisteningtomusicandreadinginmyfreetime.I’mfreeonSaturdaysandSundays.IgraduatedfromHeilongjiangUniversity.I’mverygoodatEnglish.I’dliketobeanEnglishteacherinamiddleschool.I’msurethatIcanteachEnglishwell.试题：APPLICATIONFORM(申请表)Job:(1)__________Name:LiHuaAge:(2)__________Address:(3)__________QingbinRoad,NangangDistrictinHarbinTelephone:(4)__________Interests:(5)__________andreadingKey:1.Teacher2.25/Twenty-five3.1284.863083215.Music情景交际命题原则与方法一、设计情景交际试题应遵循的几个原则1.体现互动性，让学生在作答过程中体验到自己是交谈中的角色。2.对功能意念项目的考查可采用选择式，题干呈现小情境。选编的对话要自然，符合基本的英语表达习惯。3.对话内容应适合学生的年龄特点、生活经历和社会实践。可用小对话，考查正确运用日常交际用语的能力。4.针对话题对话可采用开放性的填空形式，为自主交流创造机会与空间。二、情景交际题型及命题办法（一）选择式【例1】选择适当的语句完成小对话－I’vepassedtheexam.－______A.Congratulations!B.Badluck!C.ThankyoufortellingmeD.It’snothing.（考查项目：祝贺用语）【例2】选择正确的应答（我省的情景交际样题A）1.Oh,no.Youneedn’twriteitagain.It’sgoodcompositionexceptforthespellingmistakes.2.Takethemedicine,andyou’