实用英语UTextA

Pre-ReadingTaskWhile-ReadingTaskAfter-ReadingTaskUnit3:TextAPre-ReadingTask♣Text-RelatedInformation♣Pre-ReadingActivityTheMayoClinicUnderstandingMentalIllnessText-relatedInformationNamedin1903,theworld-famousMayoClinicoriginatedaspartofSt.Mary’sHospital,whichwasopenedin1889inRochester,Minn.,bytheSistersofSt.FranciswiththehelpofDr.WilliamWorrallMayo(1819–1911).Initiallyonlyasurgicalclinic,itbecameafullmedicalcenterin1915,whentheclinic’sfacilitiesweregreatlyexpanded,anditbegantoattractotherdistinguishedphysiciansfromallovertheworld.Text-relatedInformationTheMayoClinic:TodaytheMayoClinicemploysover42000physicians,scientistsandalliedhealthstaffinitsmissiontoadvancethestudy,preventionandtreatmentofhumanillness,andtreatsmorethan500000peopleannually.Text-relatedInformationMentalillnessescantakemanyforms,justasphysicalillnessesdo.Mentalillnessesarestillfearedandmisunderstoodbymanypeople,butthefearwilldisappearaspeoplelearnmoreaboutthem.Ifyou,orsomeoneyouknow,hasamentalillness,thereisgoodnews:allmentalillnessescanbetreated.Text-relatedInformationUnderstandingMentalIllness:Text-relatedInformationGettinghelpIfyouorsomeoneyouknowdevelopsthesymptomsofamentalillness,itisimportanttogetitdiagnosedandtostarttreatmentassoonaspossible.Mentalillnessiscommon.StatisticsshowthatoneineveryfiveCanadianswillhaveamentalhealthproblematsomepointintheirlives.Mentalillnessesaccountforalargepercentageofhospitalstayseveryyear.Yet,inspiteofthefactthateveryCanadianknowssomeonewhohasbeen,orwillbe,affectedbymentalillness,fewpeopleknowverymuchaboutit.Itishumannaturetofearwhatwedon’tunderstand.Assuch,mentalillnessisfearedbymanypeopleand,unfortunately,stillcarriesastigma(astigmaisdefinedasamarkorsignofdisgrace).Becauseofthisstigma,manypeoplehesitatetogethelpforamentalhealthproblemforfearofbeinglookeddownupon.Itisunfortunatethatthishappensbecauseeffectivetreatmentexistsforalmostallmentalillnesses.Worse,thestigmaexperiencedbypeoplewithamentalillnesscanbemoredestructivethantheillnessitself.Text-relatedInformationPeoplewithmentaldisordersare,manytimes,notdescribedaccuratelyorrealisticallyinthemedia.Movies,televisionandbooksoftenpresentpeoplewithmentalillnessesasdangerousorunstable.Newsstoriessometimeshighlightmentalillnesstocreateasensationinanewsreport,evenifthementalillnessisnotrelevanttothestory.Advertisersusewordslike“crazy”toconveythattheirpricesareunrealisticallylowandtosuggesttheconsumercantakeadvantageofthem.Text-relatedInformationMentalillnessinthemediaPre-readingActivityExercise1Beforereadingthepassage,thinkaboutthequestion.Nowreadthepassageandtrytofindoutwhattheauthorthinksweshoulddointhefaceofacrisis.Whatwouldyoufeelintimesofcrisis?Trytousesomeofthewordsgiventodescribeyourfeelingwhenyouarefacingacrisis.depressedtroubledanxioushopelessdeterminedchallengingconfidentcheerfulstrongdiscouragedhopefulcourageousUnit3:TextA♣TextA♣DetailedStudyoftheTextTextACopingwithaCrisis1IfIwereaskedtogivewhatIconsiderthesinglemostusefulbitofadviceforallhumanity,itwouldbethis:Expecttroubleasaninevitablepartoflifeand,whenitcomes,holdyourheadhigh,lookitsquarelyintheeyeandsay,“Iwillbebiggerthanyou.Youcannotdefeatme.”Thenrepeattoyourselfthemostcomfortingofallwords,“Thistooshallpass.”2Toforgiveoneselfinthefaceofadevastatingexperienceisperhapsthemostdifficultoflife’schallenges.Mostofusfinditmucheasiertoforgiveothers.While-ReadingTaskWhile-ReadingTask3Inmanyinstanceswecan’tcontrolwhathappenstous,butwecancontrolourreactionstowhathappenstous.Wecanstaydownforthecountandbecarriedoutofthering,orwecanpullourselvesbacktoourfeet.Ifwearevictimizedbyothers,wemustrefusetogivethemthepowertobreakourspirit,makeusphysicallyill,perhapsevenshortenourlives.Mostdoctorswilltellyouthatworry,anxiety,tensionandangercanmakeyousickerthanavirus.4Theexpression“nervousbreakdown”suggeststhatnerveshavebrokendown,butorganicallythenervesarehealthy.Theproblemispurelyemotional.AdoctoronthestaffoftheMayoClinichassaidthemajorityofpatientsinhospitalbedstodayaretherebecauseofillnessesthatwerepsycho-generated.Thismeansthesicknesswastriggeredbyanunresolvedproblem.5Ibelieveinblindfaith.Ihaveknownpeoplewhohavesuffereddeeppersonaltragedies,andthisfaithhashelpedthem.ButIalsobelieveintheefficacyofpositiveactiontoovercomegrief.Timeisahealer,butthosewhohelptimebyusingitwiselyandwellmakeamorerapidadjustment.While-ReadingTaskWhile-ReadingTask6Grief,inpart,isself-pityturnedinsideout.Thewidowwhocries,“Hewaseverythingtome.HowcanIgoonwithouthim?”iscryingforherself,notforhim.Themournerwhorefusestoletgoofhisgriefeventuallyisolateshimselffromhisfriends.Theworldmaystopforafewhours,orperhapsafewdays,toholdahandortowipeawayatear,butfriendsandrelativeshaveproblemsoftheirown.Lifegoeson—andthosewhorefusetogoonwithitareleftalonetowallowintheirmisery.While-ReadingTask7Thebestprescriptionforabrokenheartisactivity.Idon’tmeanplungingintoasocialwhirlorrunningoffontrips.Toomanypeoplewhotrytoescapebydoingjustthatsucceedonlyintakingtheirtroubleswiththem.Themostusefulkindofactivityinvolvesdoingsomethingtohelpothers.Ihavetoldthousand