第4章组合体读图

Outlineofreading读图要点Methodsofreading读图的方法Exercises练习题ReadingViewsofCompositeSolids组合体的读图请点击相应标题显示其内容2Outlineofreading读图要点1.Understandingthemeaningofindividuallinesandotherdrawingelementsoftheview.要读懂视图中图线、线框的含义。(2)Eachclosedloopoflines/curvesrepresents:视图上每一封闭线框可表示:请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容(1)Linesandcurves(includingcirculararcs)representthefollowing:视图上图线有直线、曲线(包括圆弧)，它们表示:B1)Theprojectionofaccumulationplanes.具有积聚性表面的投影。2)Theprojectionofintersectionoftwoplanes.两表面交线的投影。3)Theprojectionoftheoutlineofcylindricalsurfaces.曲面轮廓线的投影。AC1)Theprojectionofaplane.平面的投影。2)Theprojectionofacurvedsurface.曲面的投影。3)Theprojectionofacurvedsurfaceanditstangentplane.曲面与其切平面的投影。IⅡⅢ3Outlineofreading读图要点2.Readingseveralviewssimultaneously.要几个视图联系起来读。Oneviewmaynotbeabletorevealgeneralspaceshapeofcompositesolids.一个视图是不能反映物体的确切形状的,故读图时不可孤立地只看一个视图。Example1.Thinkoftheleftviewfromthegivenfrontview.根据主视图,想象其侧视图是何形状。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容4Whenreadingdrawings,weshouldnotmakeaconclusionafterreadingonlyoneortwoviews.Weshouldcarefullycompareallviewsandmakeaconclusionuntiltheycanbefullyexplainedfollowingtheprinciplesofprojection.在读图过程中切忌看了一、二个视图就下结论，各视图要反复对照，直至都符合投影规律时,才能最后下结论。（注意:二个视图有时也不能反映物体的确切形状）Example2.Thinkoftheleftviewfromgivenviews.根据主、俯视图,想象其侧视图是何形状。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Outlineofreading读图要点2.Readingseveralviewssimultaneously.要几个视图联系起来读。53.Readingstartsfromaviewthatmostreflectsshapecharacteristics.要从反映形状特征的视图读起。Whilereading,wemustpayspecialattentiontothecharacterviewforidentifyingthebasicshapeofthecompositesolid.看图时，应抓住特征视图，确定组合体基本形状。4.Analyzingrelativepositionandintersectionofneighboringsurfaces.要认真分析相邻表面间的相互位置和交线。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Outlineofreading读图要点Whilereading,weshouldalsopayattentiontorelativelocations,suchasfront-and-back,tall-and-lowandintersectionlocations.读图时，要注意分析相邻面的前后、高低和相交等相互位置。Example3.Thinkofthesolidshapefromthegiventopview.根据俯视图想象该立体的结构形状。ABC6Thegeneralprocedureofreadingisasfollows:firstreadtheprimarycomponent,thenreadtheothercomponents;firstreadeasycomponents,thenreaddifficultcomponents;firstreadtheoverallshapeforeachcomponent,thenreadshapedetails.读图一般顺序：先看主要部分,后看次要部分；先看容易确定的部分,后看难于确定的部分；先看某一组成部分的整体形状,后看其细节部分形状。1.Shapeanalysismethod.形体分析法Methodsofreading读图的方法(2)Comparisonofdrawingelements.对线框；(1)Partitionofdrawingelements.分线框；(3)Understandingtheshapefromthedrawingelements.看线框识形体；请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容(4)Overallimagination.综合想象。7Example6.Drawtheleftviewofthehybridconstructionsolid.画综合式组合体左视图Methodsofreading读图的方法Wepartitionthecompositesolidintoindividualboundarysurfaces.Weanalyzeandidentifythespaceshapeoftheindividualsurfacesandtheirrelativelocationsfollowingtheprinciplesofprojection.Wecanfurtherdetermineintersectioncurves/linesandtheirrelativelocationsandfinallyimaginetheoverallspaceshapeofthecompositesolid.把组合体分成若干个面，根据其投影特点确定其空间形状和相对位置,并判别交线的空间形状和相对位置,从而想象出组合体的形状。Example4.Completetheleftviewbyaddingthemissingdetail.补画组合体左视图Example5.Drawtheleftviewofthesubtractioncompositesolid.画切割式组合体左视图2.Analysisoflinesandplanes.线面分析法8Exercises练习题1.Drawthefrontviewofthecompositesolid.已知俯视图，想象物体形象，画出主视图。5.Selecttheleftviewwhichiscorrectlydrawn.根据所给主、俯视图，找出正确的左视图。3.Drawtheplanviewofthecompositesolid.已知主视图，想象物体形象，画出俯视图。4.Drawtheleftviewofthecompositesolid.已知主、俯视图，想象物体形象，画出左视图。请点击题目显示其内容6.Analyzethecomponentusingshapemethod.运用形体分析法，读懂组合体，完成以下作业。2.Drawtheplanviewofthecompositesolid.已知主视图，想象物体形象，画出俯视图。本小节结束谢谢您的认真学习！退出前一页10请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容4.Completetheleftviewbyaddingthemissingdetail.补全切割式组合体的左视图。Steps作图步骤：(1)Analyzethecomponent.先分析各线框,再确定其结构形状。(2)Drawthemissingdetail.确定其在左视图的位置并补全所缺图线。前上方切三棱柱前后左右切半圆锥115.Drawtheleftviewofthesubtractioncompositesolid.画出切割式组合体的左视图。请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Steps作图步骤：(1)Constructthecompleteleftview.先画出未切割时的左视图。(2)Itcouldbeobtainedonthecirclefollowingtheaccumulation.由截平面的积聚性投影确定其在各视图中截交线的投影位置。（3)Checkanddrawwithregularlines.检查后判别可见性,擦去被截切部分,按标准图线加深各视图。画半圆阶梯孔投影画切两边条形投影画出切通孔的投影126.Drawtheleftviewofthehybridconstructionsolid.画出综合式组合体的左视图。Step1第1步：Analyzeoflinesandplanes行进线面分析最高最高稍低底面更后最后面再后再后稍前稍前最前最前请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容每一条线可能表示：1.具有积聚性表面的投影；2.两表面交线的投影；3.曲面轮廓线的投影。每一封闭线框可能表示：1.平面图形的投影；2.曲面图形的投影。3.曲面与其切平面的投影。次低（见双语习题集第23页）a）Analyzethefrontview.先从主视图由上而下逐线分析。b）Analyzethetop(plane)view.再从俯视图由前向后逐线分析。次后较后13易多线易多线易多线易多线易多线请点击鼠标左键显示后面内容Step2第2步：Constructionthethirdview.画第三视图。6.Drawtheleftviewofthehybridconstructionsolid.画出综合组合体的左视图。14请点击解答显示其内容1.Drawthefrontviewofthecompositesolid.已知俯视图，想象物体形象，画出主视图。(1)(2)(3)(4)15请点击解答显示其内容2.Drawtheplanviewofthecompositesolid.已知主视图，想象物体形象，画出俯视图。(1)(2)(3)(4)16请点击解答显示其内容3.Drawtheplanviewofthecompositesolid.根据主视图,想象物体形状,画出俯视图。17请点击解答显示其内容4.Drawtheleftviewofthecompositesolid.根据主、俯视图，画出组合体左视图。18（1）（2）（）（)BABABABAABCBACBACBAC请点击解答显示其内容5.Selecttheleftviewwhichiscorrectlydrawn.根据所给主、俯视图，找出正确的左视图。Shapeandsurfaceanalysis进行形体、线面分析19（1）DrawthethreeviewsofshapeⅠ.画出形体Ⅰ的三面投影图。（2）DrawthethreeviewsofshapeⅡ.画出形体Ⅱ的三面投影图。（3）DrawthethreeviewsofshapeⅢ.画出形体Ⅲ的三面投影图。（4）DrawthethreeviewsofshapeⅣ.画出形体Ⅳ的三面投影图。（5）Analyzetherelationpositionsbetweensurfaceplaneofthecompositesolid.分析组合体相邻表面之间的相对位置关系。Ⅰ,Ⅱ————形体Ⅰ与Ⅱ是———Ⅱ,Ⅲ————形体Ⅱ与Ⅲ是———Ⅲ,Ⅳ————形体Ⅲ与Ⅳ是———Ⅰ,Ⅳ————形体Ⅰ与Ⅳ是———.相交（6）Drawthetopview