简单句五大基本句型课件(共36张)

简单句的基本句型英语句子的种类(按结构）简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)主语谓语宾语宾语宾补表语宾语(间)宾语(直)Vt（及物动词）系动词Vi（不及物动词）简单句（SimpleSentences）就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了2.Acraneeatsfish.3.ASwanhasalongthinneck.4.Aswallowhasaforkedtail.1.Agoldeneagleisflying.Subject(主语)S动作发出者Verb（谓语）V动作本身DirectObject（宾语）DO动作承受者→1.S+V主语+谓语主谓结构→2.S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语Vi不及物动词后面没有宾语Vt及物动词后面必须有宾语SV和SVO的注意点1.Theyarerunning.2.Jimcandraw.3.Thebabypandasdrinkmilk.4.WewillreadEnglish.rundrawvi.(不及物动词）drinkreadvt.（及物动词）注意:1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态;进行时；情态动词；现在时；以及将来时2.在句中先找主语subject再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志3.如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.→1.S+V→1.S+V+OWhatdothebabypandasdrink?Whatwillweread?动词+todo:learn/prepare/wouldlike/need/have/try/want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide这就是我们常见的动词+todo句型动词+doingsth:mind/finish/practise这就是我们常见的动词+doing句型动词+宾语从句:think/believe/besure/beafraid/say/know/findThegovernmentwantstoprotecttheendangeredbirds.SVOIwillfinishdoinghomeworksoon.SVOIthinkthatyoucandothejob.SVOIlikethegoldeneagle.Ithasahookedbeak.Itlooksstrong.Itislovely.SSSSVVlinkingverbs(系动词)DODOP（表语)PredicativeV→1.S+V(lv)+P主语+谓语(系动词)+表语系动词表语表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/…是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/…看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/…变得常见的连系动词1.表示感觉的动词5个---翻译为…起来feel感到excited;smellgood;tastedelicious;soundinteresting;lookhappy2.表示变化的动词：有固定的搭配getsmaller;growolder;becomestronger;turnyellow;gobad;cometrue3.表示状态保持的动词：stayhealthy;keepwarm;remain保持be(am,is.are,was,were)是；seem似乎必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。1Themanisinthepark.2Helookskind.3Heisakindman.4Thesingingofbirdssoundsbeautiful.5Theworldwillbecomebetter.lvlvlvlvlvP（介词短语）P（adj）P(adj)P（n名词短语）P(adj形容词比较级)表语P成分可以是形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介)1.Sheoftenlaughs.2.Sheislaughingnow.3.Shewilllaughsoon.4.Sheissinginghappily.5.Sheissingingasong.6.Sheisasinger.Sheishappy.(S+V+O)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)(S+V)区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况注意:1现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别:关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).(S+V+P)Happilyadv修饰动词singviAsong是名词做宾语singvtasinger名词表语happy形容词表语一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时谓语(V)具有各种不同时态Wecalltheman‘David’.azookeeperSVDOOC(宾补)ObjectComplementSVDOOCSVDOOCImakehimangry.HetellsustoprotectthebirdsDavidS+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补WecallthemanDavidDOOC1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补句型themanis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系David此处为名词宾补可接名词宾补的动词有call/elect/name/find…ImakehimangryDOOC1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系此处为形容词宾补可接形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find…WeoftenfindhiminthezooDOOC1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补Heis就是是否存在逻辑上的主系表关系此处为介短宾补可接介短宾补的动词有keep/see/notice/find…HetellsustoprotectthebirdsDOOC1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的动词+sb+todo词组主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补此处为带to的动词不定式做宾补Hetellsustoprotectthebirds.常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有：tell,ask,want,wouldlike,wish,teach,invite…V+O+OC(Vsbtodosth)Mydeskmateoftenmakesmelaugh.常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有：一感二听三让五看”feel,/hear,listento,/let,make,have,/lookat,see,,watch,notice,observeV+O+OC(Vsbdosth)Hekeepsmewaiting.常见的可接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：Keep和see,hear,feel,watch,find…V+O+OC(Vsbdoingsth)IoftenhearDavid________whenIstayathome,butyesterdayIwasveryangrybecauseIheardhim___________inhisroomatmidnight.Asing;sangBsinging;singingCsing;singingDsing;singC感官类动词用动词原形和动词-ing形式做宾补含义不同Hespokeloudlytomakehimselfheard.常见的可接动词-ed形式作宾补的动词有：Have,make,get,see,hear,feel,watch,find…V+O+OC(Vsbdone)Canyouhearsomeoneplayingbasketballnextdoor?Hecamehomeatmidnightandfoundhismoneystolen.VsbdoneVsbdoingsth1Ifindyouclever.2Wewillmakeourcountrystrongerandstronger.3Theycankeepthezooclean.4Parentswishtheirchildrentostudyhard.5Weoftenmaketheteachershelpus.DODODODODOOC(adj)OC形容词比较级OCadjOCtodo不定式OC动词原形常考的主谓宾补句型：一个非常特殊的句型IfounditinteresingtolearnEnglish.SVDOOCDO形式宾语真正宾语动词（make/feel/find/consider/think)+it+宾补+真正宾语IfeltitusefultolearnEnglish.weshouldn’tgiveanyfood.thebirdsSVDO（直接宾语)DirectobjectIO(间接宾语)IndirectObjectHetellsmesomerules.IOVSDOsb.Sth.S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾句型IpassHeboughthimabookhissonapresent.IODOIODOtofor双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/forS+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语加to:bring/give/offer/pass/show/sell/tell/send/lend/return/hand加for:buy/choose/draw/make/order/paint/sing/save3Manyboysarerunning.1Ifeelexcited.4HegaveTomapresent.5Ifinditinteresting.6Musicsoundsbeautiful.7Iamastudent.8Sheboughtapenforme.9Isawherdance.2TheyarewatchingTV.主语+谓语(系动词)+表语主语+谓语（及）+宾语主语+谓语（不及物）主+谓+间宾+直宾句型主+谓+宾+宾补主语+谓语(系动词)+表语主语+谓语(系动词)+表语主+谓+间宾+直宾句型主+谓+宾+宾补10.IcallhimLiMing.主+谓+宾+宾补11.Shespokeverysoftly.12.HeboughtaT-shirt.13.JaynamedhisdogBobby.14.Shelookslovely.主语+谓语（不及物）主语+谓语（及）+宾语主+谓+宾+宾补主语+谓语(系动词)+表语常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1WenameourcityYangzhou.2ThestudentsmakeDanielmonitor.3Everyoneshouldmaketheclassroomclean.4Milliefoundthemovieveryinteresting.5Ileftthebookathome.6Theyfinallyfoundthepenunderthebook.7Myteacherlettheboystandanhour.8Iheardhimsingasonglastnight.9Iwatchourteamplayingfootball.10Iheardhimsingingat12lastnight.11Mymotherkeepsmewaitinganhour.12WesawKittydancingatthatmoment.13Iwouldlike/wantyoutodoabirdcount.14Mr.Tangt