药理选择英文版

Chooseonecorrectanswer(单选题)1.Pharmacologyis()A.PharmacodynamicsB.PharmacokineticsC.MechanismofdrugactionD.StudiesofinteractionsbetweendrugandbodyE.Subjectrelatedtothemedicinalchemistryandphysiology2.药理学是研究()A．药物效应动力学B．药物代谢动力学C．药物作用机理D．药物与机体相互作用的规律E．与药物学和生理学相关的学科3.Thecontentsofpharmcodynamicsare()A.ClinicaleffectofdrugB.MechanismofdrugactionC.TheprocessthatactionofdrugonthebodyD.FactorsaffectingthedrugeffectE.Factorsaffectingthedrugprocessinthebody4.药效学研究的内容是()A．药物的临床疗效B．药物的作用机理C．药物对机体的作用规律D．药物疗效的影响因素E．药物体内过程的影响因素5.Thecontentsofpharmacokineticsare()A.RelationshipbetweenconcentrationandclinicaleffectofdrugB.RelationshipbetweenbloodconcentrationofdrugandtimeC.FactorsaffectingthedrugabsorptionD.FactorsaffectingthedrugbiotransformationE.Theprocessthatactionofbodyondrug6.药动学研究的内容是()A．血药浓度与临床疗效的关系B．血药浓度与时间的变化规律C．药物吸收的影响因素D．药物生物转化的影响因素E．机体对药物的处置的动态变化7.Theprocessesofdruginthebodyinclude()A.AbsorptionB.DistributionC.MetabolismD.ExcretionE.AllofA,B,CandD8.药物在体内的过程包括()A.吸收B.分布C.代谢D.排泄E.以上均对9.Themodebywhichmostdrugsgetacrossthecellmembraneare()A.PassivetransportB.SimplediffusionC.FacilitateddiffusionD.FiltrationE.Pinocytosis10.大多数药物的跨膜转运方式是()A主动转运B简单扩散C易化扩散D滤过E胞饮11.Theresultsofdrugbiotransformationare()A.IncreasedpolaritytobeeasilyeliminatedB.IncreasedactivityC.DecreasedornotoxicityD.DecreasedornoactivityE.AllofA,B,CandD12.药物经生物转化后()A极性增加，利于消除B活性增大C毒性减弱或消失D活性减弱或消失E以上都有可能13.Themainexcretionpathwaysofdrugorthemetaboliteare()A.KidneyB.BileC.MilkD.SweatE.Respiratorytract14.药物或其代谢物排泄的主要途径是()A肾B胆汁C乳汁D汗腺E呼吸道15.Thecharacteristicsofactivetransportare()A.Alongwiththeconcentrationgradient;energynotneeded;carrierneededB.Alongwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;carrierneededC.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;nocompetitionD.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;canbesaturatedE.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energynotneeded;canbesaturated16.主动转运的特点是()A顺浓度差，不耗能，需载体B顺浓度差，耗能，需载体C逆浓度差，耗能，无竞争现象D逆浓度差，耗能，有饱和现象E逆浓度差，不耗能，有饱和现象17.Thecharacteristicsoffirstorderkineticsare()A.Eliminatedbyconstantratio;t1/2isnotaconstantB.Eliminatedbyconstantamount;t1/2isaconstantC.Eliminatedbyconstantamount;t1/2isnotaconstantD.Eliminatedbyconstantratio;t1/2isaconstantE.t1/2changeswiththechangeofbloodconcentrationofdrug18.一级消除动力学的特点是()A恒比消除，tl/2不定B恒量消除，tl/2恒定C恒量消除，tl/2不定D恒比消除，tl/2恒定Etl/2随血药浓度变化而变化19.Thet1/2ofonedrugis10h,howlongwillthedrugbenearlycompletelyeliminatedifgivenonce?()A.About10hB.About2dC.About1dD.About20hE.About5d20.某药半衰期为10小时，一次给药后，药物在体内基本消除时间为()A10小时左右B2天左右C1天左右D20小时左右E5天左右21.Thebloodconcentrationofphenytoinincreasedifcombinedwithchloromycinbecausechloromycincan()A.IncreasetheabsorptionofphenytoinB.CompetetheplasmaproteinwithphenytoinC.IncreasethebioavailabilityofphenytoinD.InhibittheactivityofliverdrugmetabolismenzymeE.Reducetheexcretionofphenytoinfromurine22.氯霉素与苯妥英钠合用时，可使苯妥英钠血药浓度升高，是因为氯霉素能()A增加吸收B竞争血浆蛋白结合部位C提高生物利用度D抑制肝药酶E减少尿中排泄23.HowtoacceleratetheexcretionofPhenobarbitalfromurineifitisoverdosed?()A.AlkalifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultingintheincreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubularB.AlkalifytheurinetodecreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultingintheincreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubularC.AlkalifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultinginthedecreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubularD.acidifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultinginthedecreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubularE.NoneofA,B,CandD24.苯巴比妥过量中毒,为了促使其加速排泄,应()A碱化尿液,使解离度增大,增加肾小管再吸收B碱化尿液,使解离度增小,增加肾小管再吸收C碱化尿液,使解离度增大,减少肾小管再吸收D酸化尿液,使解离度增大,减少肾小管再吸收E以上均不对25.Thebioavailabilityofdrugis()A.ThebloodamountofdrugabsorbedfromthegastrointestinaltractB.ThebloodconcentrationofdrugabsorbedfromthegastrointestinaltractC.TheamountofdrugintheactionciteD.ThepercentageofdruginthebloodtothedosegivenatanyroutesE.NoneofA,B,CandD26.药物的生物利用度是指()A.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的量B.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的浓度C.药物吸收到达作用点的量D.任何给药途径下药物进入血液循环的百分比E.以上均不对27.Theplasmahalflife(t1/2)is()A.Thetimeduringwhich50%ofdrugisexcretedfromthebodyB.Thetimeduringwhich50%ofdrugisbiotransformedC.HalfofthetimeduringwhichthedrugcompletelydisappearedfrombloodD.ThetimeduringwhichdrugconcentrationdecreasesbyhalfE.Thetimeduringwhichdrugeffectdecreasesbyhalf28.药物的血浆半衰期是()A50%药物从体内排出所需要的时间B50%药物进行了生物转化C药物从血浆中消失所需要的时间的一半D血浆浓度下降一半所需要的时间E药物作用强度减弱一半所需要的时间29.Themainroutesthroughwhichthefirstpasseffectofdrugoccurs()A.IntravenousinjectionB.SubcutaneousinjectionC.IntramuscleinjectionD.OraladministrationE.Inhalation30.药物首过消除主要发生于()A静脉注射B皮下注射C肌肉注射D口服给药E吸入给药31.Atwhichdosethesideeffectwilloccurs()A.ExtremeB.TherapeuticC.ToxicD.LD50E.Minimaltoxic32.下列哪种剂量会产生副作用()A极量B治疗量C中毒量DLD50E最小中毒量33.Thecharacteristicsofreceptorantagonistare()A.HasnoaffinitybuthasintrinsicactivityB.HasnoaffinityaswellasnointrinsicactivityC.HasaffinitybuthasnointrinsicactivityD.HasaffinityaswellasintrinsicactivityE.NoneofA,B,CandD34.阻断药的特点是()A对受体无亲和力，但有内在活性B对受体无亲和力，也无内在活性C对受体有亲和力，但无内在活性D对受体有亲和力，也有内在活性E以上均不对35.Thecharacteristicsofcompetitiveantagonistare()A.StrongaffinityandintrinsicactivityB.StrongaffinityandweakintrinsicactivityC.Notrelevan