您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 外语资料 > 英语读物 > 墓园挽歌修辞分析 4班张熔芳
ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyardThomasGray修辞分析张熔芳0433《墓园挽歌》为四行体诗,由128诗行32诗节组成,每诗节为一个四行诗句,每句都是由一个抑扬五音步组成的,韵律为隔行押韵的abab,结构匀称,读起来朗朗上口,不仅在语感上,而且在听觉和视觉上都给人一种和谐、匀称、流畅的美感享受。《墓园挽歌》中运用了大量的修辞,经个人分析和上网查找资料等,发现的修辞有:借代metonymy、双关pun、反语Irony、委婉euphemism、似非而是paradox、暗喻metaphor、明喻simile、拟人personification、移位修饰语transferredepithet、标名aptronym、用典allusion、头韵alliteration和尾韵rhyme等。Stanza1Thecurfewtollstheknellofpartingday,Thelowingherdwindsslowlyo'erthelea,Theplowmanhomewardplodshiswearyway,Andleavestheworldtodarknessandtome.•本段运用的修辞手法有拟人、暗喻、移位修饰语、拟声:第一句“Thecurfewtollstheknellofpartingday”运用了拟人,同时“knell丧钟“在这里实际是指”adeathorfuneral“,所以这里也用了暗喻。第二句的“lowing”是指牧群哞哞的叫声,这里用了拟声第三句中的”wearyway疲倦的步伐”,这里用了移位修饰语。Stanza2Nowfadestheglimmeringlandscapeonthesight,Andalltheairasolemnstillnessholds,Savewherethebeetlewheelshisdroningflight,Anddrowsytinklingslullthedistantfolds:•本段运用的修辞手法有暗喻、移位修饰语、借代、拟声和头韵第一句用了暗喻,描写景物渐渐变暗,其实是在暗示生命之光渐渐变暗。“droning甲虫嗡嗡纷飞的声音”和“tinklings羊颈上清脆的铃铛响声”,运用了拟声。第三句“drowsytinklings”昏沉的铃叮声,运用了移位修饰语。单词where和wheels用了头韵。第四句的“folds”是代指sheepinthefolds,这里用了借代。Stanza3Savethatfromyonderivy-mantledtowerThemopingowldoestothemooncomplainOfsuchas,wanderingnearhersecretbower,Molestherancientsolitaryreign.•本段运用的修辞手法有拟人、头韵、尾韵。第二句Themopingowldoestothemooncomplain这里用了拟人。单词moping和moon用了头韵。单词moon和complain,以及near和bower都用了尾韵Stanza4Beneaththoseruggedelms,thatyew-tree'sshade,Whereheavestheturfinmanyamolderingheap,Eachinhisnarrowcellforeverlaid,Therudeforefathersofthehamletsleep.•本段运用的修辞手法有暗喻、委婉、头韵、尾韵。第二句的molderingheap零落的荒堆,实际是指grave,这里用了暗喻。第三句的narrowcell狭窄的单人小室,实际是指坟墓或棺材,这里也用了暗喻。第四句的sleep长眠了,这里其实是表示人已经死去了的意思,用了委婉。单词heaves和heap,以及many和moldering都用了头韵。单词rugged和shade用了尾韵。Stanza5Thebreezycallofincense-breathingMorn,Theswallowtwitteringfromthestraw-builtshed,Thecock'sshrillclarion,ortheechoinghorn,Nomoreshallrousethemfromtheirlowlybed.•本段运用的修辞手法有拟人、拟声、移位修饰语、明喻、暗喻、双关、委婉。第一句的morn(Itcallsandbreathes.),这里用了拟人。incense-breathingMorn香气四溢的晨风,这里用了移位修饰。单词twittering燕子呢喃和clarion公鸡如喇叭报晓都用了拟声。Thecock'sshrillclarion这里把公鸡的鸣叫声比作如喇叭一样尖刺,用了明喻。第四句的bed用了委婉的手法,其实是指坟墓。同时,这里也用了暗喻,暗指那些死去的人。用lowly修饰bed,这里的lowly其实也可以说是暗指农民的社会地位低下。bed'有床的意思,在这里指坟墓,有双重含义,所以这里用了双关。Stanza6Forthemnomoretheblazinghearthshallburn,Orbusyhousewifeplyhereveningcare:Nochildrenruntolisptheirsire'sreturn,Orclimbhiskneestheenviedkisstoshare.•本段运用的修辞手法有尾韵。•第四句的单词his,knees和kiss用了尾韵。Stanza7Oftdidtheharvesttotheirsickleyield,Theirfurrowoftthestubbornglebehasbroke;Howjocunddidtheydrivetheirteamafield!Howbowedthewoodsbeneaththeirsturdystroke!•本段运用的修辞手法有移位修饰语、借代、拟人、头韵。第二句的thestubbornglebe顽固的泥板,用了移位修饰语。第三句的theirteam这里用了借代,代指牲口。第四句的bowedthewoods树向人低头,运用了拟人。第四句的sturdy,stroke用了头韵。第三句的jocund、did和afield用了尾韵。Stanza8LetnotAmbitionmocktheirusefultoil,Theirhomelyjoys,anddestinyobscure;NorGrandeurhearwithadisdainfulsmileTheshortandsimpleannalsofthePoor.•本段运用的修辞手法有拟人、标名、移位修饰语、尾韵。第一句和第三句都运用了拟人,把ambition和granduer拟人化。同时Ambition和Grandeur还用了标名。第三句的disdainfulsmile轻蔑的冷笑,这里用了移位修饰语。第二句单词homely、destiny用了尾韵。Stanza9Theboastofheraldry,thepompofpower,Andallthatbeauty,allthatwealthe'ergave,Awaitsaliketheinevitablehour.Thepathsofgloryleadbuttothegrave.•本段运用的修辞手法有暗喻和头韵。第三句theinevitablehour不可避免的时刻这里用了暗喻,暗指死亡。第一句的pomp、power,第三句的awaits、alike,以及第四句的glory、grave都用了头韵。Stanza10Noryou,yeproud,imputetothesethefault,IfMemoryo'ertheirtombnotrophiesraise,Wherethroughthelong-drawnandfrettedvaultThepealinganthemswellsthenoteofpraise.•本段运用的修辞手法有借代和拟人。第一句的proud用了借代,代指Ambition,Grandeur,Power,Wealthy。第二句IfMemoryo'ertheirtombnotrophiesraise中的memory用了拟人•本段运用的修辞手法有拟人、反讽、尾韵。第三句“CanHonor'svoiceprovokethesilentdust”运用了拟人第四句“OrFlatterysoothethedullcoldearofDeath”也运用了拟人。第一句的animatedbust栩栩如生的半身像,暗示了塑像和真人的之间的高度一致,衬托出了人终要一死的事实。第三句的单词silent、dust和第四句的单词soothe、Death都用了尾韵。Stanza11CanstoriedurnoranimatedbustBacktoitsmansioncallthefleetingbreath?CanHonor'svoiceprovokethesilentdust,OrFlatterysoothethedullcoldearofDeath?•本段运用的修辞手法有移位修饰语、尾韵。第四句的“thelivinglyre出神入化的七玄琴”,用了移位修饰语第一句的单词“neglected、laid”,第二句的单词“pregnant、heart”,和第三句的单词“rod、swayed“都用了尾韵。Stanza12PerhapsinthisneglectedspotislaidSomeheartoncepregnantwithcelestialfire;Hands,thattherodofempiremighthaveswayed,Orwakedtoecstasythelivinglyre.•本段运用的修辞手法有暗喻、尾韵。第四句的”thegenialcurrent“运用了暗喻,把思想比作涓涓细流。第一句的单词Knowledge、page和第四句的单词genial、soul都用了尾韵。Stanza13ButKnowledgetotheireyesheramplepageRichwiththespoilsoftimedidne'erunroll;ChillPenuryrepressedtheirnoblerage,Andfrozethegenialcurrentofthesoul.•本段运用的修辞手法有暗喻、头韵。在第一、二句中运用了暗喻,把thetalentsofthepoor比作gemhiddenintheocean.在第三、四句中也运用了暗喻,把thetalentsofthepoor比作aflowerbloominginthedesert.第三句的单词born、blush用了头韵。Stanza14FullmanyagemofpurestraysereneThedarkunfathomedcavesofoceanbear:Fullmanyaflowerisborntoblushunseen,Andwasteitssweetnessonthedesertair.•本段运用的修辞手法有首语重输法、移位修饰语。三句都是以some开头的,用了首语重输法。第一句的dauntlessbreast无畏的胸襟,用了移位修饰语。Stanza15SomevillageHampdenthatwithdauntlessbreastThelittletyrantofhisfieldswithstood,SomemuteingloriousMiltonheremayrest,SomeCromwellguiltlessofhiscountry'sblood.•本段运用的修辞手法有移位修饰语、头韵、尾韵。第三句的“smilingland微笑的土地”,用了移位修饰语。第二句的单词pain、ruin用了尾韵。第三句的单词scatter、smiling用了头韵。Stanza16Theapplauseoflisteningsena
本文标题:墓园挽歌修辞分析 4班张熔芳
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-3758237 .html