您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 建筑/环境 > 给排水/暖通与智能化 > 排水管网系统课程设计
排水管网系统课程设计学院专业姓名学号指导老师2020-2-15第1页共30页目录1.设计任务·····································································32.设计原始资料·······························································33.排水体制选择·······························································33.1地区基本情况介绍····················································33.2排水系统规划设计原则··············································43.3排水系统体制的确定·················································43.4排水管道布置形式的确定···········································63.5考虑工业废水与城市生活污水有无合并处理的可能性·······63.6确定污水厂、出水口的位置········································64.污水管道的设计····························································64.1在平面上布置管道····················································64.2街区编号并计算其面积··············································74.3划分设计管段,计算设计流量·····································74.4水力计算································································84.5绘制管道平面图和纵剖面图········································104.6注意事项································································105.雨水管道的设计····························································115.1划分排水流域和管道定线···········································115.2划分设计管段··························································115.3划分并计算各设计管段的汇水面积·······························112020-2-15第2页共30页5.4确定各排水流域的径流系数、设计重现期P、地面集水时间···········································································115.5求单位面积径流量q0·················································125.6列表进行雨水干管的设计流量和水力计算······················135.7绘制雨水管道平面····················································145.8注意事项································································146.参考资料······································································146.1给水排水管道系统教材··············································156.2《室外排水设计规范》(GB50014-2006)·······················157.附图、附表··································································177.1污水管道系统附表····················································177.2雨水管道系统附表····················································232020-2-15第3页共30页1.设计任务根据给予的城市规划平面图,做出该城市排水管网的初步设计。包括计算说明书一份(列出作为设计依据的资料及全部计算),排水系统总平面图一张,污水主干管纵断面图一张2.设计原始资料2.1城市总平面图一张。2.2居住情况:人口密度为278cap/ha,卫生设备齐全,污水设计标准为186L/(cap·d),无集中流量。2.3城市位于我国华北地区,冰冻线深度为0.5米。2.4雨量资料:本地暴雨强度公式为)/()15()lg85.01(350080.0hasLtpq2.5设计从现期为1a。2.6当地综合径流系数为0.8。3.排水体制选择3.1地区基本情况介绍该地区人口密度较大,卫生设备齐全,多为居住用地,并有少部分工业用地和文化商业用地,且居住区域与绿化区域分开;有一条铁路位于城市北方,西北方为铁路车站;该城市地形为西南方高、东北方低,且地势较为平坦,坡度较为均匀;城市东面有一条河流经过,有一条支流位于城市东南方。3.2排水系统的规划设计原则2020-2-15第4页共30页3.2.1排水系统应按照城市总体规划,结合当地实际情况布置排水管道,并对多方案进行技术经济比较。3.2.2在规划设计排水工程时必须认真贯彻执行管家和地方有关部门制定的现行有关标准、规范和规定。3.2.3首先确定排水区界、排水流域和排水体制,然后布置管道,应按从主干管、干管、支管的顺序进行布置。3.2.4从分利用地形,尽量采用重力流排除污水的雨水,并力求使管线最短和埋深最小。3.2.5协调好与其他地下管线和道路等工程的关系,考虑好与企业内部管网的衔接。3.2.6规划时要考虑到使管渠的施工、运行和维护方便,并考虑原有管道系统的使用可能。3.2.7排水系统设计要考虑污水的集中处理与分散处理,并与临近区域的污水和污泥助理和处置协调。3.2.8规划布置时应近远期相结合,考虑分期建设的可能性,并留有充分的发展余地。3.3排水系统体制的确定排水管道系统体制应根据城市及工业企业的规划、环境保护的要求、污水利用情况、原有排水设施、水质、水量、地形等条件确定。3.3.1从环境保护考虑排水管道系统分为直排式合流制排水系统、截流式合流制排水系统、完全合流制排水系统、完全分流制排水系统和截流式分流制排2020-2-15第5页共30页水系统。直排式合流制将雨水和污水直接排入水体,对环境污染严重,不予采用;截流式合流制排水系统和完全合流制排水系统适用于老城区管道的改造,且截流式合流制对环境容量要求较高,完全合流制将雨水和污水全部送到污水处理厂进行处理后再排放,从控制和防止水体的污染来看,效果是好的。完全分流制与截流式分流制将污水与雨水分开,对污水进行处理后排水水体,并且截流式分流制将初期污染较重的雨水截流到污水管中,同污水一并送到污水处理厂处理后排放,这种方法对环境保护有利,可以采用。3.3.2从工程造价考虑合流制排水系统的管道造价比分流制一般低20%-40%,但是合流制的泵站和污水厂等设施的工程造价高于分流制。3.3.3从维护管理考虑晴天时污水在合流制管道中只是部分流,雨天时才接近满流,因而晴天时合流制管道内流速较低,易于产生沉淀,在雨天时暴雨将沉淀冲走,可降低合流管道的维护费用。但是晴天和雨天时流入污水处理厂的水量变化很大,增加了合流制排水系统的污水处理厂运行管理的复杂性。而分流制系统可以保证管内的流速,不易发生沉淀,同时流入污水厂的水量和水质比合流时变化小得多,污水厂的运行易于控制。综上所述,从环境保护、工程造价和运行维护费用等方面考虑,2020-2-15第6页共30页以及污水需要集中处理、雨水应就近排入水体的要求,该城市采用截流式分流制排水系统。3.4排水管道布置形式的确定由(3.1)提到的地区基本情况以及该地区地形图可知,该地区地势向水体适当的倾斜,且地面坡度比较均匀。所以该地区管网应该采用正交式布置,即干管与水体垂直相交。并且正交式布置的干管长度短,管径小,因而较经济,污水和雨水排出也迅速。3.5考虑工业废水与城市生活污水有无合并处理的可能性若该城市工厂污水径局部处理后,其水质符合最新《污水排入城市地下水道水质标准》,则该城市工业废水可以排放到城市污水管网系统,同城市生活污水一并送入城镇生活污水处理厂集中处理。3.6确定污水厂、出水口的位置污水处理厂位置选在城市东北方,该地区属于地形较低点,且位于河流下游,处理后的污水对城市水质不会有明显的影响,通过集中处理后,就近排入水体,所以在该地选择建污水处理厂是合理的。4.污水管道的设计4.1在平面上布置管道4.1.1控制点的选定4.1.1.1控制点为排水系统的水力条件最不利点,并且具有如下特点:①排水管道系统的最起始点;②在起伏比较大的地区,应该选择洼地的最低点为控制点;③控制点应该符合最小覆土厚度,并且留有一定的发展余地。2020-2-15第7页共30页4.1.1.2污水管道的控制点选在城市西南方(具体地点见附图),该点为排水管道系统的最起始点,且为管道的高程最高点。4.1.2污水管的的布置简述通过计算污水设计流量可以看出,该地区污水流量比较小(主干管污水流量Q总仅为47L/s),所以设计两根干管,支管服务两个街坊;在贴近河流的地方设置主干管,用于截流干管中的污水,并送入污水处理厂处理后排放。4.2街区编号并计算其面积4.2.1街区编号。应本排水系统设计不涉及集中流量的收集,所以只对居民区进行编号。4.2.2计算街区面积)(7.20652mbaFa、b---地图中街区边长(cm),比例尺为1:45.454.3划分设计管段,计算设计流量4.3.1划分管段污水管段划分为主干管、干管、支管,并对主干管和干管进行编号,计算各管段管长。4.3.2计算设计流量4.3.2.1生活污水比流量sq的确定360024nNqsn----生活污水定额或综合污水定额[L/(人·d)]2020-2-15第8页共30页N----设计人口数(人)。4.3.2.2总变化系数zK的确定10001000553.17.23.211.0sssszqqqqK4.3.2.3设计流量1Q的确定)/(3600241SLFnNKQZF---各管段的服务面积(m2)4.4水力计算4.4.1查水力计算表,通过流量满足最小设计流速、最大设计充满度和最小坡度等原则,确定管道的管径D、坡度i、流速v等。4.4.2管径、设计坡度的确定4.4.2.1根据我国《室外排水设计规范》规定,街坊最小管径为200mm,最小坡度为0.004,街道最小管径为300mm,最小坡度为0.003。4.4.2.2管径与设计坡度。在保证安全可靠性的前提小,尽可能使坡度最小,以减少土石方工程的投资。4.4.3设计流速的确定各管段设计流速应瞒住最小设计流速0.7m/s,并且随着污水的流向逐渐增大,避免产生回水。4.4.4设计充满度的确定设计充满度应小于各管段的最大设计充满度。污水最大设计充满度2020-2-15第9页共30页管径或渠高(mm)最大设计充满度200-3000.55350-4500
本文标题:排水管网系统课程设计
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-3770298 .html