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初中三大从句复习(宾语,状语,定语)从句请问他们是什么从句1.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.2.Iknowwhostolethemoney.3.Ididn'trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.4.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.宾语从句三大考点点一、引导词二、语序三、时态Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.1.原来的句子是陈述句时,由that引导由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。一引导词2.原来的句子是一般疑问疑问句时,用if和whether(1)Isshebeautiful?(2)Doeshelivehere?(3)CanIhelpyou?IwanttoknowHeaskedme用这两句型来练:在whether……ornot的固定搭配中。如:eg:Iwanttoknowwhetherit’sgoodnewsornot.我想知道是否是好消息3.原来句子是特殊疑问句,就由原来的特殊疑问词引导Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.Idon’tknowwhoisshe?Theteachersaidwhat’swrongwithhim?二.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned1.当主句是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态不作限制,我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。(需要性原则)2.当主句是一般过去时的时候,宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。(呼应性原则)1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)HeHesaidwouldgowaswasreadinghiswork.hadfinished3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序Mynameis…Myfavoritesportis…Iam…Ispeak/have/like…Icanplay…Areyou…?Canyouplay…?Doyoudo…?Whereareyou…?Whatcanyoudo…?Howdoyoudo…?陈述句-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------一般疑问句特殊疑问句结构比较_____+____+…____主语谓语.?_______+_______+____特殊疑问词一般疑问句be情态动词助动词____/______/______+___+_____…______主语谓语?陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句_____+____+…____结构比较be情态动词助动词主语谓语____+____+…____.主语?_____+_______+…____特殊疑问词一般疑问句??____+______+…_____主语?_______+_______+…____主语结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前宾语从句三要素引导词that(陈述句)if/whether(一般疑问句)特殊疑问词(特殊疑问句)时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时从句一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变七.本节小结1.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad2.---MayIcomein?I’msorryIamlate.----Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_______.?A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthenC.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool3.---Couldyoupleasetellme_______.?----BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislikeC.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum4.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_______..A.wheretheyhavebeenB.wherearetheyC.wherearetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone二状语从句用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间,这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句根据其所表示的时间不同,所使用的连词也不同。下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句:这里主要讲时间状语从句和条件状语从句这一块往往和从属连词(专题十四)一块考时间,条件状语如果主句用了一般将来时从句将用一般现在时表将来含义。1.时间状语从句时间状语由when,while,as,assoonas,since,until/till,not….until/till,before,after等引导。(1).when引导的从句:表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。eg:Iwasgoingoutwhenavisitorcame.(动词动作同时发生。)。(2).while引导的从句:表示“当……过程中”,强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时期发生。由于while从句表示一个持续的行为,所以从句中要用持续性动词,并且持续性动词常用进行时态。eg:KeepaneyeonmylittlesisterwhileIamaway.(3).as引导的时间状语从句:表示“当……的时候;一边……一边……;随着……”,其从句的主语与主句的主语往往是同一人或物。eg:Shesangassheworked.她一边工作一边唱歌。=Shewassingingasshewasworking.Isawhimashewasgettingoffthebus.正当他下公共汽车时,我看见了他。(4).before引导的从句:一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。eg:Ididn’tknowanyEnglishbeforeIcamehere.我到这儿来之前,一点英语都不懂。eg:Ihadwrittenmyreportbeforemyfathercameback.(5).after引导的从句:表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。eg:Afterhelockedthedoor,heleft.他锁上门后,就走了。他做完工作后,和朋友下了一盘棋。小试牛刀:Iwillgoouttoplaybasketballwithyou.Ifinishmyhomework.(after)6.since引导的从句:表示“自从……以来”,从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点,用过去时。since表示“自…以来”,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去式。eg:Sincehemetthisgoodfriend,hehasmadegreatprogressinhisstudies.Mrgreenhastaughtinthatschoolsincehe(came)toChinathreeyearsago.7.Until/till引导的从句:表示一个动作持续到某一时刻。(1)Until/till表示“直到……”,如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。(2)not…Until/till表示“直到……才”,主句用否定式,从句用肯定。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时,必须用否定形式。例如:Theyworkeduntilitwaslate.他们一直工作到天黑。Shedidn’tgotobeduntilshefinishedherhomework.她写完作业才睡觉。小试牛刀:Allthepeopleleft.Hewaited.(until)________________________________________Hewenttobed.hisfathercamehome.________________________________________8.assoonas引导的从句表示“一……就”,强调动作紧密相连。例如:Assoonasshecametotheclassroom,shebegantoreadEnglish.她一到教室,就开始读英语。小试牛刀:Westarttosing.It''s12o''clock.(assoonas)________________________________________分析试题特点及做题思路:题形(1)选择题:考连词----做题思路:考时态-----做题思路:认字---判断关系---选择正确的连词认字---判断语境提供的时态特点---选择正确的时态1.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless2.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas4.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.wheneverB.u
本文标题:初中三大从句复习
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