2019高考全国卷英语语法复习――定语从句

Itis/hasbeenthreeyears_________heretiredfromtheMarines.Withsomanyislands________(choose)fromItisyouwhoaccompaniedme.定语从句TheAttributive/AdjectiveClauseTheredcarismine.Thecarthatisredismine.independent(main)clausedependentclauseS+V51.定语从句2.先行词3.关系代词4.关系副词5.介词+关系代词6.限制性和非限制性定语从句Heisamanwhomweshouldalllearnfrom.()定语从句指出该复合句中的主句、定语从句、引导词和先行词。__________主句引导词先行词定语从句引导词(9个)关系代词：关系副词：who,whom,that,which,whose,aswhen,where,why引导词的作用：1.连接作用：引导从句，把它和_____连接起来；2.替代作用：在从句中替代在它前面的_______；3.成分作用：在_____中总是充当一个句子成分;主句先行词从句Thecarwhosedoorisbrokenneedsrepairing.定语从句解题步骤:1.找主句和从句关键是:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的_____2.确定_______(指人、指物)；3.将________代入到从句当中，判断其在从句中的成分，选用合适的关系词来替代先行词。先行词先行词成分填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略1.Thisisthefactory___________producesTV._____________wevisitedyesterday.____________windowsfacesouth.thewindowof________facessouth.of_________thewindowfacessouth.___________hisfatherworks._____________hisfatherworksin.in_______hisfatherworks.that/whichthat/which/不填whosewhichwhichwherethat/which/不填which2.Iwillneverforgetthedays___________westudiedtogether._______________westudiedtogether._____________wespenttogether.3.Givemethereason___________youquarreledwithhim.__________youquarreledwithhim.4.Thisisthereason_____________hegaveforbeinglate.whenin(during)whichwhich/that/不填whyforwhichthat/which/不填5.Ishetheman__________wantstoseeyou?__________________Isawyesterday?_________carbrokedownontheway?who/thatwhom/that/who/不填whose改错:1)ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.2)IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.which/that/不填which/that/不填关系代词先行词在从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人人人人物物物主语、宾语主语、宾语主语、宾语、表语宾语定语小结：关系代词的正确使用Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.关系副词先行词在从句中的成分wherewhenwhy地点名词地点状语时间名词时间状语reason原因状语(物)小结：关系副词的正确使用occasionsituationposition….考点1:限制性和非限制性定语从句填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略1.Thisisthehouse_____________weboughtlastmonth.2.Thisisthehouse,________weboughtlastmonth.3.CharlesSmith,_________wasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.which/that/不填whichwho引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词_______省略；关系代词______不能引导非限制性定语从句。结论：不可that填入适当的关系词4.IamofftoSt.JamesPark,_________Ihavetogivealectureonthetheatre.5.Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextweek,______theweathermaybebetter.结论：wherewhen关系副词______不能引导非限制性定语从句。whyTherearemanyteachersoverthere,oneof__________anEnglishteacher./allof____________mathsteachers./andallof__________mathsteachers.考点2:…ofwhich,…ofwhom等结构引导的定语从句为非限制性定语从句。whomiswhomarethemareIboughtadozeneggs,_____________(其中六个)brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.sixofwhichIboughtadozeneggs,of___________(其中六个)brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.whichsixIboughtadozeneggs,and__________(其中六个)brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.sixofthem考点3：as,which引导非限定性定语从句先行词是整个句子的情况(thewholesituation)把下面两句话翻译成汉语,注意which的含义.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.Marytreatsmejustlikeababy,whichIcan’tbear.这把下面每组的两个句子合并成含有定语从句的句子。①Chinaisadevelopingcountry.②Itisknowntoall.①Wewonthegame.②Weallexpectedit.Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Wewonthegame,asweallexpected.正如位置区别：含义区别：Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.China,asisknowntoall,isadevelopingcountry.Chinaisadevelopingcountry,asisknowntoall.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.which与as的区别：which引导的定从只放在主句后;as引导的定从可放主句前,后或分割主句which这一点/这件事；as正如asexpected,asalreadymentionedabove,asreportedinthenewspaperasplanned,as常用的句式有：asissaidabove,asisknowntoall,asisoftenthecase,（…是常有的事）asyouknow,aswecansee,WeareinterestedinsuchbooksaswerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.()I’veneverseensuchamanasheis.()Inthecity,IsawsogreataNationalDaycelebrationasIneverdreamtof.()Shedoesn'tlikethesameflowerashedoes.()Ihaven’tgotas/somuchmoneyasIthoughtIhad.()朗读下列句子,注明as所做的成分考点4:用关系代词as的其它情况主语表语宾语宾语宾语such…as...so…as...as…as...thesame…as...notas/so…as...小结:用关系代词as的情况改错:1.Asateacher,Iseldomgivemystudentssodifficultaproblemwhichtheycannotworkout.2.Asateacher,Iseldomgivemystudentssodifficultaproblemwhichtheycannotworkitout.asthat1)Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.2)Thesearticlesaretheveryonesthatshouldberead.3)Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.4)Theschoolisquitedifferentfromtheone(that)itusedtobe.5)Heisnottheman(that)heusedtobe.6)Theytalkedofthingsandpersons(that)theyremembered.7)Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?考点5:先行词指物，用that不能用which的情况1)当先行词为_________时，如：everything,anything,nothing,something,all,much,few,any,little；2)先行词被_______,______,______修饰时3)先行词为_______、_______最高级或被被这些词修饰时；4)关系代词在从句中作______时；5)先行词既有_____，又有____时；6)主句为____________开头的疑问句注意:Iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice________wasinvited.who/that不定代词theonlytheverythelast序数词形容词表语人物whichwho1.Mr.Smithhastwosons,bothof______aredoctors.2.Thisdictionary,manypagesof_______aremissing,isofnouse.3.Theman,in_______factorymyfatherworks,isabillionaire.whomwhichwhose考点6:介词+关系代词引导定语从句介词+_______(先行词是物)介词+_______(先行词是人)介词+_______(先行词是物或人,作定语)结论：介词+关系代词：whichwhomwhose1.Mr.Brownistheman_______whomIwenttoLondon.2.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs______whichtheyarebeingtrained.3.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,________whichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.withforthrough如何选用介词？如何选择介词?1.与________的搭配有关;2.与从句中的_________的搭