新概念3 lesson 4

Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德.布洛格斯的双重生活double两倍的,双重的adoublebed双人床adoubleroom双人房间doublecharacter双重性格doublechin双下巴speakwithadoubletongue说话口是心非---triple三倍的Newwordsandexpressionmanualadj.体力的=physicaladj.身体的,物质的manualwork体力工作/amanualworker体力劳动者mentalwork脑力工作/mentallabour(脑力劳动）manualn.手册amanualforstudents学生手册2.collarn.衣领•white-collar白领（指有教育背景和工作经验的人士）•blue-collar蓝领（指从事体力劳动,并被要求穿制服的工人阶层）•gold-collar金领[CEO(首席执行官/chiefexecutiveofficer)]•black-collar黑领[城市里的民工]•grey-collar灰领/silvercollar银领[电子工程师、软件开发工程师、装饰设计工程师]•green-collar绿领[指从事环境卫生、环境保护、农业科研、护林绿化等行业以及那些喜欢把户外、山野作为梦想的人们]•pink-collar粉领[指在家上班的SOH0族丽人,还包括那些受过高等教育、经济独立的现代女性]3.sacrificevt牺牲,献出;n.牺牲,供俸,祭品sacrifice...forsb./todo--Hesacrificedhislifetosavethedrowningchild.--Hesacrificedhislifeforthedrowningchild.makesacrifices[asacrifice]to为...作出牺牲4.privilegen.好处（=advantagen.优势,有利条件,利益）--sacrificeone'sadvantage/privilege牺牲掉某人的好处•privilegen.特权,特别待遇（=specialright）--givesbtheprivilegeofdoingsth特许某人做某事•privilegeda.荣幸的--Weareprivilegedtonighttohaveourheadmasterasourspeaker.5.secretn.秘密adj.秘密的,隐秘的•keepsecret保密•It'sbetweenyouandme.此事只介于你我之间。•I'llkeepittomyself.我会保守秘密的。•insecret私下里（=secretly,inprivate,privately）--Iwastoldaboutitinsecret.•inthesecret知道内情--HewasinthesecretfromthebeginningTextThesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.farmore和muchmore,evenmore,stillmore等一样，可修饰形容词和副词，表示“更加”。e.g.ThisTVsetismuchmoreexpensive.Heworkedmuchmorecarefullyonthenewdesign.在这项新的设计上，他工作努力得多了。Abicycle'softenfarmoreconvenientthanacarinbusycities.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas‘white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.referto...as把...看作为=regard...as=thinkof...as=view...as...--Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm（n.书呆子）forthesimplereason=for引导的原因状语从句--Heisrefertoasabookwormforthesimplereasonthatheisalwaysreading.--他被送到了监狱，是因为他杀了人。Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.such...that...（that引导同位语从句,进一步补充说明such的基本内涵，Such用于倒装形式增强感情色彩）--Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.=Suchwashiskindnessthat…（such在句首要倒装）=Hewassokindthatwewillneverforgethim.--Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.bewillingtodosth情愿做..=bepreparedtodosth/bereadytodosthIdon'tknowwhetherheiswillingtocome.willingness(n)愿意自发积极beunwillingtodosth不情愿做=bereluctanttodosth(adj)Thiscangiverisetocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmereCorporation.•giveriseto=（leadtov.导致,通向）=（causevt.引起,惹起）=（resultinv.导致）e.g.Suchbehaviormaygiverisetomisunderstandings.Thebadconditionshavegivenrisetoalotofcrimes.不良的环境引起了犯罪。她的话引起了我们的争吵。inthecaseof就...来说,关于,在…的情况下=concerningprep.关于,涉及,就...说e.g.Stealingisnoshameinthecaseofhim.偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。•incaseof（副词）万一,以防（incaseconj.万一）e.g.Youshouldensureyourhouseincaseoffire.Takeumbrellaincaseofrain.Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.•beembarrassed尴尬的•embarrass(v)•embarrassed(adj)•embarrassing(adj)•embarrassment(n)HesimplytoldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.bedressedin穿着~dressoneselfdresssb给某人穿衣服Theboyistooyoungtodresshimself.dress后边不接衣服Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthenexteighthoursasadustman.Beforereturninghomeatnight.Hetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuit.Alfdidthisforovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecret.•fellowworkers.同事/fellowstudents同学townfellow老乡/fellowcitizens市民•keepthesecret/保守秘密•revealasecret泄密•breakone’spromise失信•eatone’swords食言•takebackone’swords收回说的话Alf'swifehasneverdiscoveredthatshemarriedadustmanandsheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanotherjob.•sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthesecret•在省略句式中,never要放在助动词之前--“willyougotoseeher?”--“Iwillnevergotoseeher=No,Ineverwill.Hewillsoonbeworkinginanoffice.•willsoonbeworking表将要持续下去的动作Hewillbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheusedto,buthefeelsthathisriseinstatusiswellworththelossofmoney.willbeearning表将要持续下去的动作halfasmuchas是…的一半half/aquarter/twice/threetimes+as...as...表示倍数--Iwon'tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldasme.--Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthatone.•是...的几倍：...as+形容词或副词原形+as...•比...多几倍:...times+形容词或副词比较级+than…--Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthatone.Worth/worthy/worthwhile•beworthdoingThebookisworthreading.Itisworththelossofmoney.Thecarisworth1000dollars.•beworthyofTheplaceisworthyofavisit.该地值得一游。•worthwhile指花时间去做某事是值得的Itisworthwhilevisitingthemuseum/tovisitthemuseum.Fromnowon,hewillwearasuitalldayandotherswillcallhim'Mr.Bloggs',not'Alf'.Let’sreview……•Whogenerallyearnmore,manualworkerorofficeworker?•Peoplewhoworkwiththeirhandsoftenearnmorethanofficeworkers,don’tthey?•Howdoweoftenrefertoofficeworkers?•Whydowecallofficeworkers“white-collar”workers?•Whataresomepeoplepreparedtosacrificetobewhitecollarworkers?•WhatwasAlfred’sjobattheEllesmereCorporation?•WasAlfmarried?•WhatdidAlffailtotellhiswife?•Howdidhedresseverymorning?•Whatdidhechangeintowhenhegottowok?•Howdidhespendthenexteighthours?•Whatdidhedobeforego