Part-5-The-Whole-Composition全文写作

Part5TheWholeComposition1.Requirementsofagoodcomposition1.1Organization/Arrangement/Structure(1)Acompositionmusthaveunity.Allthefactsandideasintheessayshouldsupportthethesisstatementorthecontrollingideaoftheessay.(2)Acompositionmusthavecoherence.Eachparagraphmustbearrangedinsomekindoforder,sothatoneparagraphleadsnaturallytoanothertoformanorganicwhole.Transitionalwords,expressionsandsentencescanbeused.(3)Theessentialpartofanessayisthebodyorthemiddlepart.Thispartshouldbegivenaboutsevenoreighttenthsofthewholeessay.Thebeginningandtheend,thoughimportant,havetobeshortandbrief.1.2Language(1)Thechoiceofwords----diction.(2)Thesentence----structure,grammarandwords.1.3Format(1)Correctwritingofthetitle.(2)Correctuseofcapitalizations.(3)Correctusethepunctuationmarks.(4)Correct,clear,neat,andbeautifulhandwriting.2.Basicstepsofwritingacomposition2.1Selectingatopic(1)Choosingatopicbyyourself-----youshouldfindanarrowtopic(Practice:narrowdownthesetopics:Sports,Transportation,Person,Music,Pollution,Education,Teachers)(2)Havingagiventopic2.2WritingthesisstatementWritingacompletesentencetoexpressyourcontrollingidea.Forexample:Popmusichasatremendousinfluenceuponyoungpeople.MyprimaryschoolChineseteacher,Ms.Wang,isaverystrictteacher.Moreshouldbedonetocontrolairpollution.2.3Writinganoutline(1)Anoutlineshowsthemainideaoftheessay,thestructureoftheessayandtherelationshipbetweenideasandparagraphs.(2)Anoutlineconsistsofthetopic,thethesisstatementandthearrangement/structure.(3)Thereare2typesofoutline:topicoutlineandsentenceoutline.(4)Whenwritinganoutline,weshould:A)avoidmixingtypes;B)useparallelstructuresfortheheadingsofthesamerank;C)makesurethethesisisacompletedeclarativesentenceintheaffirmative;donotuseaquestion,aphraseoradependentclause.See“Outlining”2.4Writingthefirstdraft(1)WritingthebeginningThefirstparagraphshouldbebrief,interestingandtothepoint.(2)WritingthebodyA)Thebodypartshouldcontainmorethanoneparagraph.B)Eachparagraphdiscussesonetopic.C)Theparagraphsshouldbeinlogicalorderorrelationship.(3)WritingtheendA)Concludingparagraphshouldbeshort,forceful,substantialandthought-provoking,andmakeupmainlyoftherestatementorsummaryofthepointsthathavebeendiscussed.B)Nonewideasshouldbeintroducedinaconcludingparagraph.C)Hereareseveralwaysofwritingconcludingparagraphs:a)torestateyourcentralideaandmajorpoints;b)toevaluatethesignificanceofyourideas;c)todiscussthebroaderimplicationofyouressay;d)totellastory,ajoke,aquotationwhichsumsupyourmainpoints.2.5RevisingthefirstdraftWhenrevisingacomposition,youneedtocheckthefollowingthings:A)content;B)organization;C)sentences;D)diction.2.6Writingthefinaldraft(1)Followingtherulesofmanuscriptform;(2)writingneatlyandcarefully,avoidingcarelessmistakesingrammarandspelling.