to do不定式公开课

M5Unit1Grammar本节课重点提要1.不定式的基本形式和否定形式2.不定式的时态和语态3.不定式的复合结构4.不定式的基本用法5.不定式中常见的主动表被动6不定式的省略，保留符号to7.不带to的不定式Theyadvisedmetogiveupsmoking.Theyadvisedme_______________smoking.HepromisedtotakecareofthepoorHepromised_______________thepoorStep1基本形式和否定形式肯定式:todo否定式:nottodonottogiveupnottotakecareof动词不定式的时态和语态Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.㈠.一般式(todo/tobedone).不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。Step2㈡.进行式(tobedoing)TheyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecretwhenIcamein.如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。㈢.完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone)2.I’mpleasedtohavebeengiventhischance.1.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.如果不定式的动作发生在谓语之前。如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.语态时态主动语态被动语态一般时进行时完成时小结todotobedonetobedoing/tohavedonetohavebeendone练习1.Hello!It’sgood__________(see)youagain.2.Bye-bye,I’mglad_______________(see)you.3.Theypretend_____________(work)hardwhentheteachercamein.4.Thegirlstudentsissaid_____________(send)abroadlastweek.5.Allthestudentsinourclasshaveenteredforthesports-meeting__________(hold)nextweek.Step3不定式的复合结构1.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.2.It’swise/kindofhimtohelpthepoor.Todolikethatisfoolish.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补Step4不定式的用法作主语______________isourduty.___________________isright=Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.1.帮助你是我们的职责。2.放弃吸烟是对的。不定式短语作主语时，如果主语如果太长，常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语后置。TohelpyouTogiveupsmoking作主语。一般用不定式做主语的句型It+be+adj./n.+forsb.todosth/ofsbtodosthIt+take+sb+time+todosthIt+cost+sb+money+todosth动词不定式作宾语动词+todo动词+疑问词+todo动词（think,consider,make,believe等)+it+宾补+todo常见动词有afford,agree,arrange,ask,decide,demand,plandesire,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish,prefer,happen,intend,fail等Idon’tknowwhattodo.IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事decidetodosth.决定做某事want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事plantodosth.计划做某needtodosth.需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事affordtodo能做某事beusedtodo被用来做迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事makeupone’smindtodo下决心做某事usedtodo过去常常做某事failtodo未能做某事动词不定式作宾补动词+宾语+todo动词+宾语+doLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,warn,allow,encourage,advise等。(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.①在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheard________thesong.注意allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish▲(构成“V.+Sb.+todo”的形式)tosing宾补接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：请求与命令想要邀请期待鼓励与建议答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事答应告诫允许提醒和帮助promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事作表语Myjobis_______________Toseeis___________.1.我的工作是教英语。2.眼见为实。toteachEnglish.tobelieve作定语（必须后置）1.Bettywasthefirst/thelasttocometoschool.2.We‘llattendthemeetingtobeheldnextweek.3.Ihaveachildtolookafterathome.Doyouhaveanythingtosay.It’sagoodschooltostudyin.(具有逻辑上的主谓动宾关系）如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词WehaveseveralmodelbikestochoosefromHeislookingforaroomtoliveinPleasegivemeaknifetocutwithThereisnothingtoworryabout在timeplaceway后面的不定式常省介词Hehadnoplacetolive注意作状语Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的状语.原因状语.结果状语1他回家去取钥匙2我说了什么话使你不高兴?3赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪Hewenthome_____hiskeyWhathaveIsaid______youhappy?Weareproud_____thefootballmatchtogettomaketohavewon目的状语.原因状语.结果状语Consolidation(p20)在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式要省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to,如Ialwayssawherplayviolin.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.Step5不定式中常见的主动表被动1.Thequestionishardtoanswer.=it’shardtoanswerthequestion.(位置互换）2.Ihavesomebookstoread.Ihavearoomtolivein.Givemesthtodrink.(同时满足主谓上的动宾关系）3.Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.4.Thequestioniswhattodonext.5.Ican’tgoouttoplaywithmuchworktodo.注意：Ihavesomeletterstopost.（p20)Ihavesomeletterstobeposted.Step6不定式的省略，保留标志to保留to到为止to后有be,have,要保留•1.Ihaven’tbeentoAmerican,andIwishto.•2.--Areyouonholiday?•----no,butIwouldliketobe.•3.---HasTomfinishedhishomework?----Heseemstohave.step7不带to的情况:使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,notice注意：被动态中不能省hadbetter(not),wouldrather,wouldrather…than,cannotbut（不得不，必然，不能不）,can’thelpbut=can’tchoosebutdo等whynot/whydon’tyoudosth为什么不做…?helpsb.（to）dosthwouldyoupleasedosth情态动词+do助动词+dostep7不带to的情况:在介词but,except之后，如果其前有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式不带to,反之须带to.。Shecoulddonothingbutcry.Ihavenochoicebuttowait.WehadnothingtodobutwatchTv.AllIcoulddowassendhimatelegram不定式and,or,but,ratherthan等表示并列关系的第二个to省略,表示相反关系,对比的不省略第二个toI’dliketogoandseeafilmTheydidn’ttellmewhethertogoonortostopDoyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchTV?Idecidedtowriteratherthanread.区分下列词组:seesb.doing/dosth.hears