新版人教版八年级下册unit1-8笔记整理

1第1页共92页Unit1笔记整理1、What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?2、asamatteroffact=infact事实上,实际上【拓展】matter的用法Itdoesn’tmatter没关系（用来回答别人道歉时的用语）3、haveacold受凉;感冒havea/an+疾病名词“患……病”(cold/fever/cough)haveasorethroat患喉咙痛haveasoreback患背痛haveafever发烧haveacold=catchacold患感冒haveastomachache患胃痛haveatoothache患牙痛haveaheadache患头痛haveabackache患背痛4、backn背；背部atthebackof......在......的后面go/comeback返回giveback归还5、handinhand手拉手V交给；传递handin上交handon依次传递handout分发6、enough的用法(1)adj.足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enoughtime，enoughmoney(2)adv.“足够地，十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,必须放在adj./adv后expensiveenough(3)be+adj.+enoughtodosth.足够……的去做某事Heisstrongenoughtocarrythebox.7、drinksomehotteawithhoney.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。with：⑴prep“具有，带有”,表示某物带有或具有某种特征。Sheisagirlwithlonghair.with（反）without⑵prep.和......一起Iliketotalkwithmyfriends.⑶prep用......，表示“使用某种工具”Cutitwithaknife.8、seeadentist=gotoadentist看牙医seeadoctor=gotoadoctor看医生9、感官动词+like，后接名词或名词性短语作表语。“soundlike听起来像feellike摸起来像smelllike闻起来像looklike看起来像tastelike尝起来像10、needv需要◆用于肯定句是实义动词(1)needsth需要某物Ineedyourhelp.(2)人做主语，sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事Doyouneedtodrinkmore2第2页共92页water?(3)物做主语，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedoneMyTVsetneedsrepairing.用于否定句是情态动词needn’t=don’thaveto没有必要must,need引导的疑问句肯定回答用11、along/down相同点：prep“顺着；沿着”不同点：along强调顺着水平方向down指“沿着……下坡或者往南走”12、see（saw,seen）v看见seesb.dosth看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）seesb.doingsth看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）13、lie/lai/v.(lay/lei/)躺；平躺lie→lay→lainv躺下，(现在分词lying).liedown躺下liedownandrest躺下休息14、getoff下车(反）geton上车getup起床getback回来；取回getover克服；度过geton／alongwellwith与……相处融洽getinaword插话getto到达15、surprise[sə'praɪz]⑴v使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的surprisesb使某人吃惊Thebadnewssurprisedme.besurprisedat对……感到吃惊besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到惊讶besurprised+that从句因...而惊讶⑵n.可以做名词“惊讶”toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地16、agreev→(反)disagree–agreementn同意(1)agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou.(2)agreetodosth同意做某事17、thanksto对亏；由于⑴thanksto为习语介词，thanks不可以改为thankyou，to后也不接动词原形，这个短语表示原因，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to表示感谢的对象⑵thanksfor，意为“因……而感谢”，for强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ingthanks相当于thankyou，18、attimes=sometimes有时haveagoodtime玩得高兴3第3页共92页havetime=befree有空allthetime一直atthesametime同时bythetime到……时候forthefirsttime第一次【句型】It’stimetodosth=It’stimeforsth是该做某事的时间了Ittakessb.sometimetodosth做某事花费某人多长时间s19、thinkabout考虑；认为【短语】：thinkabout考虑thinkof想起thinkover仔细考虑thinkup=comeupwith想出20、hit/hit/v.(hit/hit/)(用手或器具）击；打hitsb.击中/撞到某人Theballhithimintheface.21、trouble/'trʌbl/n.问题；苦恼getintotrouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）beintrouble处于困境中havetrouble（in)doingsth/withsth.做某事有困难22、enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴23、teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学byoneself=alone独自helponeselfto随便吃introduceoneselfto自我介绍反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。24、fall→fell→fallenv落下；跌落falldown摔倒，（强调“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾语时，应加上介词fromShefelldownfromherbikefalloff指从某物上跌落下来。Thegirlfelloffthebike.=Thegirlfelldownfromthebike.fallinto落入Theleaffellintotheriver.fallbehind落后fallinlovewithsb.爱上某人fallasleep入睡25、feelsick生病；不舒服sick/illadj.(1)sickadj.“生病的”，既可放be(系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。sickperson=patient“病人”besickof…“讨厌；厌恶……”(2)illadj.“生病的”，只能放be(系动词)后作表语，beillinhospital生病住院ill→illnessn.“病；疾病”26、beinterestedin=becomeinterestedininterest⑴n兴趣→interestingadj.令人有兴趣的→interestedadj.对……感兴趣⑵v.引起……关注；使……感兴趣interestsb.eg：Thisbookinterestsmeverymuch.beinterestedinsth./doingsth.对……变得感兴趣4第4页共92页=showgreatinterestinsth./doingsth.表现出对……的极大兴趣;(1)take/haveaninterestin=beinterestedin对……感兴趣(2)placesofinterest名胜loseinterestin失去兴趣27、(1)usev.使用→usefuladj.有用的useup用完StudyingEnglishis__________(use).(2)usesthtodosth用某物做某事WeuseInternet__________(find)information.(3)usedtodosth过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。Iusedtogetupatsix.(4)be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事Mygrandpaisused___________(live)incountry.(5)beusedtodosth被用来做某事=beusedfordoingsthStampsisused____________(post)letters.【记】Heusedtowearglasses.Butnowheisusedtowearingcontactlenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。28、oneof…......之一【结构】“oneof+the+adj.最高级+n复数”，做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。OneofthemostpopularcolorsisredinChina.29、almost/nearly/hardlyalmost和nearly作为副词,都可以译为“差不多”、“几乎”、“将近”等。都是程度副词,有时它们可以相互取代,而hardly是几乎不的意思，是否定词。30、lose→lost→lostv失去loseone’slife失去生命loseone’sway迷路lost还可以做形容词，表示丢失了的，lost31、becauseof由于；因为【拓展】because/becauseof【记】：跟句子时用because,加名词短语时用becauseof词性用法because连词后接句子becauseof介词短语后接名词或/ving【注】：(1)becauseof+n/ving/代词宾格(用于句中)She’sworriedbecauseofherson.(2)becauseconj+从句（引导原因状语从句）Hedidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.(3)because还可以回答why引导的句子—Whydoyoulikepandas?5第5页共92页—Becausetheyarecute.(4)because和so不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。32、find→found→foundv寻找(1)findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难33、byoneself=alone=onone’sownadj.单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。34、run→ran→runv跑runoutof=useup用完【区别】：sb.runoutofsth其主语通常是人Sth.runout其主语通常是物【短语】：runacross偶然遇见runafter追求,追逐runaway逃跑runat向…..冲去35、own①adj.自己的one’sown某人自己的ofone’sown+n某人自己的②v拥有→ownern所有者，物主Iwanttohaveahouseofmyown.=Iwanttohavemyownhouse.36、Theboyspokeloudlysothateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句)sothat以便，为了引导目的状语从句,可以替换成inorderthat….从句常出现情态动词may/might.can/could等，37、mean→meant→meantv意味着→meaningn意思(1)meandoin