医学英语写作与翻译

第三部分医学英语的写作任务一标题的写作（Title）标题的结构1.名词+介词Blindness（视觉缺失）afterTreatmentforMalignantHypertension2.名词+分词UnilateralNeurogenicPruritusFollowingStroke中风后单侧神经性瘙痒3.名词+不定式SuggestiontoAbolishIcterusIndexDetermination（黄疸指数测定）whereQuantitativeBilirubinAssay（胆红素定量）isAvailable建议能做胆红素定量的化验室不再做黄疸指数测定4.名词+同位语Gentamicine,aSelelctiveAgentfortheisolationofBetahemolyticStreptoccociβ-溶血性链球菌庆大霉素是分离β-溶血性链球菌的选择性药物5.名词+从句EvidencethattheV-sisGeneProductTransformsbyInteractionwiththeReceptorforPlatelet-derivedGrowthFactor血小板源性生长因子.V-sis基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的依据6.动名词短语PreventingStrokeinpatientswithAtrialFibrillation心房纤维性颤动心旁纤颤患者中风预防DetectingAcuteMyocardialInfarction（急性心肌梗死）byRadio-immunoassayforCreativeKinase（酐激酶）用放射免疫法测定酐激酶诊断急性心肌梗死7.介词短语OnControllingRectalCancer8.陈述句DietaryCholesterolisCo-carcinogenic协同致癌因素forHumanColonCancer9.疑问句HomeorHospitalBirthsIsTreatmentofBorderlineHypertensionGoodorBad?注意副标题的作用1．数目：EndoluminalStent-graft带支架腔内搭桥forAorticAneurysms动脉瘤:Areportof6cases带支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤的六例报告2．重点：Aorto-arteritis大动脉炎ChestX-rayAppearanceandItsClinicalSignificance大动脉炎胸部X线表现及临床意义3．方法：GallstoneIleus（胆结石梗阻）:ARetrospectiveStudy4．作用：CarcinoembryonicAntigeninBreast-cancerTissue:Ausefulprognosticindictor乳腺癌组织中癌胚抗原——一种有用的预后指示5．疑问：Unresolved—Dodrinkershavelesscoronaryheartdisease?6．连载顺序：PhysicalandChemicalStudiesofHumanBloodSerum:II.AstudyofmiscellaneousDiseaseconditions人类血清的理论研究：II.多种病例的研究7．时间：ACollaborative综合StudyofBurnNursinginChina:1995-1999常见标题句式举例1.讨论型：Discussionof/on;Anapproachto;Aprobeinto;Investigationof;Evaluationof/on汉语中的“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”之类的谦辞可以不译。直接表达本意。2.观察、报告、结果型：Anobservation/Observationsof/on/in3.调查类：Surveyof/on4.体会经验类:Experiencein/with；Reflectionon5.总结综述：Summaryof/Experienceof;Reviewof6.问题型：Problemof;SomeAspectson7.探究：Studyof/on/in;Probeinto;Explorationof8.报告：Reportof/on9.药物治疗和非药物治疗：…intheTreatmentof…;Managementof…;Treatment...with..;Useof…inthetreatmentof…Therapyof/for…by…10．诊断：…inthediagnosisof…;Detectionof…in…Diagnosisof…by/with…Detectionof…by…Applicationof…tothediagnosisof…练习1.判断下列标题的书写格式是否正确-TreatmentofPsoriasisbyhemodialysis（不对）-AsthmainaVietnameserefugeepopulation（不对）-ManagementofHypertensionindiabetes（不对）-DoestheChronicFatigueSyndromeInvolvetheAutonomicNervoussystem?（不对）-Treatmentofmacroprolactinomawithcabergoline:Astudyof85Patients（不对）-ClinicalObservationon342CaseswithAllergicRhinitis鼻炎（对）2.在下列英文标题中识别关键词、分析结构并翻译。-Suddencardiacdeath：Clinicpathologicinvestigationof51cases心脏性猝死51例临床病理探讨-ParanthyroidectomyinChronicRenalFailure:Surveyof38Cases慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例调查-RecentExperiencewithBacillemia菌血症duetoGram-negativeOrganisms.治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌血症的新体会-TreatmentforMalignantHypertension:AnExperienceof35Cases35例恶性高血压治疗总结-CertainProblemsoftheSurgicalTreatmentofHyperparathyroidism.甲状旁腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题-PlateletFunctionStudiesinHeartDisease心脏病患者血小板功能的研究-AReportofRosai-Dorfman腮腺肿块性病报告-UseofSteroid（类固醇）intheTreatmentofClinicalSepticShock皮质激素治疗败血症休克-TreatmentofPsoriasisbyHemodialysis血液透析治疗牛皮癣-UltrasonographyintheDiagnosisofGallstones.胆石症超声波诊断3.请把下列句子改写成名词性短语标题（nounphrasetitles）-Thyroidcancerisalateconsequenceofhead-neckirradiation改为：Thyroidcancerasalateconsequenceofhead-neckirradiation-Coronaryheartdisease:Overweightandobesityareriskfactors改为：Coronaryheartdisease:Overweightandobesityasriskfactors-Highbloodpressureisasideeffectofdrugs,poisons,andfood改为：Highbloodpressure:Asideeffectofdrugs,poisons,andfood-Highuricacidservesasanindicatorofcardiovasculardisease改为：Highuricacidasanindicatorofcardiovasculardisease-Prostaglandinsserveasmediatorsofinflammation改为：Prostaglandinsasmediatorsofinflammation任务二引言的写作（Introduction）引言的构成阅读下列引言,分析其构成部分并概括每一部分的大意。Helicobacterpylori(Hp幽门杆菌)isconsideredtobethemainaetiologicalagent发病原因ofthemostcommonformofchronicgastritis]胃炎intheadultpopulation—typeBgastritis.TypeBgastritisislocalizedintheantrum窦,腔,房andpylorus幽门,whereastypeAgastritis,theclassicautoimmunegastritis,mainlyoccursinthefundus底部.Hpyloripositivechronicgastritisoftheantrumhasbeenfoundtobecloselyrelatedtoduodenal十二指肠ulcerandcanleadtogastricatrophy萎缩,aprecursor前兆ofgastriccancer.（第一部分：课题的研究概况及背景介绍）Environmentalfactors,suchassocioeconomicandeducationalstate,seemtoaffecttheprevalenceofHpyloriinfection.InfectionisconsistentlyhigherinHispanicandblackpeoplethaninwhitepeopleandisinverselyrelatedtoeducationallevel.Theprevalence程度ofHpyloriinfectionishigherinclosecommunities密集人口andinmembersoffamilygroupsthaninthegeneralpopulation.Thismaybeduetoreplasesorreinfectionsbetweenmembersofthesamefamily.Furthermore,therouteoftransmissionofHpyloriremainsunknown,althoughmostoftheevidencesupportspersontopersontransmissionwithcolonizationoccurringprimarilyinchildhood.Undernaturalcircumstancestransmissioncouldbebytheoro-oralorfaecal-oral(粪-口)routes,butnostrongevidenceexiststosupporteitherrouteastheprimaryone,andbothmayberelevantdependingonotherfactors.（第二部分：内容、目的和方法等）MoststudiesoftransmissionofHpyloriinfectionwithinfamilieshavebeenconductedonparentsandsiblingsofchildrenreferredfor针对…研究symptomsandnotonthegeneralpopulation.Toavoidthispotentialselectionbias偏差,westudiedpartofthepopulationoftheDionyso