雅思阅读定位法

雅思阅读定位法王莹（快速阅读）查找细节掌握主旨（语言技能）快速阅读（精读）单词语法（语言知识）•EG:AA重现•Atprecisely4:20amonFridaythe24thofSeptember1993,itwasannouncedthatSydneyhadbeatenfiveothercompetingcitiesaroundtheworld,andAustralianseverywhere,notonlySydney-siders,werejustifiablyproudoftheresult.But,ifSydneyhadlostthebid,wouldthetaxpayersofNSWandofAustraliahaveapprovedofgovernment’sspendingmillionsofdollarsinafailedandcostlyexercise?•Question:•Howmanycitieswerecompetingin1993fortherighttoholdthe2000Games?(SAQ)•EG：AB重现•SeafishinggrewrapidlyinthedecadesaftertheSecondWorldWar.Mechanisationincreasedthefishermen’scatchintraditionalgroundsandthencarriedthemtodistantwatersformore.•Question:•TechnologicaldevelopmentscontributedtothehigherfishcatchesaftertheSecondWorldWar.(true/false/notgiven)•EG：关系重现•Paperisalsobiodegradable,soitdoesnotposeasmuchthreattotheenvironmentwhenitisdiscarded.•Question:•Paperislessthreateningtoourenvironmentwhenwethrowitawaybecauseitis________.(fillintheblanks)一、查找细节•步骤1:•预测答案的可能性•WINTERSPORTS（雅思考试全真模拟题）•Ice,dangerandexhilarationAThe17thWinterGames,heldinNorwayin1994,arepartofanOlympictraditionwhichgoesbackalmost3,000years.FormorethanGameswereheld,everyfouryears,onhallowedgroundnearMountOlympus,wheretheGreekgodsweresaidtolive.BThe‘Olympics’broughttogethermenfromwar-torntribesandstatesinGreeceanditscolonies.Asacredtrucewasdeclaredtoallowmentotraveltothegamesinsafety.Womencouldnottakepartandwereforbidden,onpainofdeath,eventoattendtheGames.CTheancientOlympicswereabolishedbytheRomanEmperorTheodosiusin393AD,afterGreecehadlostitsindependence.ButtheideaneverdiedandtheFrenchmanBaronPierredeCoubertin,aneducatorandscholar,foundedthemodernOlympics,hisaimwastobringtogether,onceeveryfouryears,athletesfromallcountriesonthefriendlyfieldsofamateursport.Noaccountwastobetakenofnationalrivalries,norpolitics,race,religion,wealthorsocialstatus.DThefirstmodernGameswereheldinAthensin1896,andfouryearslater,inParis,womenbegantotakepart.AlthoughthewinterOlympicsdidnotbeginuntil1924,figureskatingwaspartofthe1908LondonsummerOlympics;bothskatingandicehockeywereincludedintheAntwerpGamesin1920.Butgenerallywintersportswerefelttobetoospecialized.Onlycoldweathercountrieshadmuchexperienceofactivitiessuchasskiing-ameansoftransportoverlandacrossiceandsnowduringlongwinters.ETheScandinavians,forwhomskiingisapartofeverydaylife,hadobjectedtoawinterfames.TheyfeareditwouldthreatentheirownNordicGames,whichhadbeenheldeveryfouryearssince1901.ButtheinternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)agreedtostageanInternationalSportsWeekinChamonix,France,in1924.ItwasasuccessandtheScandinavianswon28ofthe43medals,includingninegolds.TheydroppedtheirobjectionsandtheeventwasretrospectivelynamedtheFirstOlympicWinterGames.YEAREVENT(28)AncientOlympicscametoanend(29)Firstwomen’sevent(30)FirstNordicGames(31)FirstWinterteamgameincludedinOlympics(32)FirstWinterOlympicGames•步骤2：划出定位词•快---反复熟练划定位词的方法，缩短时间。•准---不该划的绝不多划。•狠---一旦划了集中火力在文中定位，不要分散注意力。•1.特殊优先•人名、地名、数字（如百分比、温度、货币符号等）、年份、大写字母缩写、专业术语等•特殊性：原词重现比较好定位•2.按照独特名词、独特动词、独特形容词或副词的顺序划出定位词•3.不能作为定位词的三类词：•（1）常用的词。如PEOPLE•（2）文章主题词，包括文章标题出现的词和与标题内容相关的词。幻灯片7•（3）同一题型内部重复出现的词CTheancientOlympicswereabolishedbytheRomanEmperorTheodosiusin393AD,afterGreecehadlostitsindependence.ButtheideaneverdiedandtheFrenchmanBaronPierredeCoubertin,aneducatorandscholar,foundedthemodernOlympics.(28)AncientOlympicscametoanendDThefirstmodernGameswereheldinAthensin1896,andfouryearslater,inParis,women(29)begantotakepart.AlthoughthewinterOlympics(32)didnotbeginuntil1924,figureskatingwaspartofthe1908LondonsummerOlympics;(31)bothskatingandicehockey(31)wereincludedintheAntwerpGamesin1920.(29)Firstwomen’sevent(31)FirstWinterteamgameincludedinOlympics(32)FirstWinterOlympicGamesETheScandinavians,forwhomskiingisapartofeverydaylife,hadobjectedtoawinterfames.TheyfeareditwouldthreatentheirownNordicGames,whichhadbeenheldeveryfouryearssince1901.(30)FirstNordicGames三、定位词的根本特征---一一对应•1.同义替换，包含同义词或同义词组。•剑6，Test4的Q9：KimSchaefer’smarketingtechniquemaybeopentocriticismonmoralgrounds。在文章中定位，我们会在文章第三段中定位到“Sellingpharmaceuticalsisadailyexerciseinethicaljudgment”•ethical=moral•剑4，Test3的Q9：Anystreetchildcansetuptheirownsmallbusinessifgivenenoughsupport.•此判断题中定位词实际上是词组“setuptheirownsmallbusiness”，在文章中定位，我们会在文章中“Lessonslearned”的部分中定位到“Beinganentrepreneurisnotforeveryone,notforeverystreetchild”。•setuptheirownsmallbusiness=beinganentrepreneur•其他的同义词/词组变身如:•perceive→senseevolve→developdetect→find•mortal→peopleunbiased→objective•limb→armorlegwaste→unwantedmaterial•resemble→looklikedwelling→domesticbuilding•2.近义替换，包含近义词或近义词组•剑7，Test1的Q8：However,evenbeforethiswasunderstood,theprinciplehadbeenappliedinthedesignofinstrumentswhichcalculatedthe____oftheseabed。在文章中我们会定位到“Beforethiswasdiscovered,engineershadalreadybuiltinstrumentstoexploittheprinciple,forexampletomeasurethedepthoftheseaunderaship”。•measurecalculate•SeaSeabed•其他的近义词/词组变身如：•salary→wagestatement→comment•begainedfrom→derivefrom•policy→initiative•valuable→importantbreakdown→subdivide•earnest→serious→solemn•Wild→Fierce→Savage•3.派生词•剑6，Test3的Q33：Monkeyswerelesslikelyto