高难汉英翻译解析

徐霞客*徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。*周游：到各处游历;走遍travelacross(around)；tour；visit*考察:explore;makeanon-the-spotinvestigation;inspect*足迹：footprint;footmark;trace*遍及spreadallover*Duringhislifetime,XuXiakevisitedandexplored16provinces,leavinghisfootprintsinnearlyeverycornerofthecountry.他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。*他在考察的过程中:inhisexploration;inhistours；onhistours*盲目：blindly;inablindway;withoutthinking*迷信:superstition;blindlyworship/believein。*这里“迷信”指接受acceptreadily/withoutthinking*Heneverblindlyacceptedtheconclusionsgiveninbooksinhisexploration.他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。*前人：predecessor;forefathers;others*前人栽树，后人乘凉。Onemansowsandanotherreaps.*记载：record;putdowninwriting;document;notes*可靠:真实可信true或准确accurate信得过reliable;trustworthy译文：他发现前人研究的地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方*andfoundmanyinaccuraciesinthetravelnotesongeographywrittenbyhispredecessors.*Hefoundthatmanyofthegeographicalrecordsbyotherpeoplebeforehimwereinaccurate.为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；*为了:inorderto,forthesakeof,forthepurposeof,withtheaimof,withaviewto*细致的：careful,delicate,detailed*乘车坐船：“乘坐”应使用一个词bycarriageandboat;takethewagonandtheboat*翻山越岭：翻越可使用一个词climb/crossmountainsandridges*长途跋涉:longdifficultjourneys译文：为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉*Heseldomtraveledbyhorsecartorboatbutclimbedmountainsandridgesandtooklong,difficultjourneysmostofthetimewiththeaimofconductingarealandcarefulexploration.为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；*弄清：findout;makeclear*真相：realsituation（区别于表面或造假的情况）；theactualstateofaffairs;fact;truth*真相大白comeoutinthewash;Thetruthisout;Thefactsareclearnow.*弄清真相：getaclearpictureof*艰险：hardshipsanddangers；dangerous;treacherous;difficult*人迹罕至：untraversed；unfrequented；seldomvisited*奇山秀景：grotesquemountainsandspectacularsceneries;*奇：grotesque,peculiar,strange,unique*秀：fantastic,miraculous,magnificent,spectacular为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；*Togetatruepictureofnature,hepicked/chosemountainswithtreacherouspathsandunfrequentedjunglesforexplorations,discoveringmanygrotesquemountainsandbeautifulsceneries.他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。*Hewouldrevisitfamousmountainsatdifferenttimeandindifferentseasonstoobservethechangingmagnificentviewstimeandagain.老帽山TheOldHatMountainTheLaomaoMountainMountLaomao*老帽山位于普兰店市北部、全国战斗英雄于庆阳的家乡--同益乡，其主峰海拔848米。该山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异而远近闻名，素有辽南“小黄山”之美誉。*老帽山雄伟壮观、景色宜人。山中怪石千姿百态，惟妙惟肖；清泉四季长流，瀑布溅石有声；动植物资源极其丰富；各种花卉竞相开放，各种野果随处可见，野生动物时隐时现；一些珍贵中草药材应有尽有，人称辽南“百草园”。*老帽山四季有景，生机无限。“觅英雄足迹，赏帽山风光”，热情好客的同益人民真诚欢迎海内外朋友来老帽山旅游观光。老帽山位于普兰店市北部、全国战斗英雄于庆阳的家乡--同益乡，其主峰海拔848米。*战斗英雄:combathero*主峰:mainpeak;highestpeak;dominantpeak*海拔:inelevation;abovesealevel，beelevated???meters参考译文*TheOldHatMountainissituatedintheTownofTongyiinthenorthofPulandian,thehometownofYuQingyang,anationalcombathero,withitsmainpeakashighas848meters/withitsdominantpeakatanelevationof848meters/withitshighestpeakelevated848meters.参考译文*IntheTownofTongyiinnorthernPulandian,thehometownofYuQingyang,anationalcombathero,standstheOldHatMountain,whosemainpeakis848metersabovesealevel.该山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异而远近闻名，素有辽南“小黄山”之美誉。*峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异：汉语主谓结构可以处理成英语形容词＋名词结构。*峰秀→秀峰：magnificent,beautifulpeaks*石峭→峭石：steep,precipitouscliffs*林密→密林：dense,thickwoods*松奇→奇松：奇：奇形怪状grotesquepines*花异→异花：奇异：exotic,rare,峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花异*远近闻名：famousfarandwide*素有……之美誉：素：ever,allthetime,always*美誉：goodfame，(good)reputation*素有……之美誉：everenjoysthereputationof参考译文*Knownfarandwideforitsmagnificentpeaks,precipitouscliffs,thickwoods,grotesquepinesandexoticflowers,iteverenjoysthereputationoftheSmallHuangshanMountaininsouthernLiaoning.老帽山雄伟壮观、景色宜人。*雄伟：majestic（majesty），magnificent，grand，imposing*壮观：spectacular（spectacularity），magnificent*景色宜人：宜人：pleasant，delightful，charming，fascinating，enchanting（使心醉）参考译文*TheOldHatMountainisbothmajesticandspectacular,offeringenchantingviews.*除了并列之外，我们可以对汉语的多个描述词语进行分解，分散在英文句子中的不同位置，如定语和表语；或者寻找一个中心点，其他围绕这个中心，此句的中心是“景色宜人”。*Themajesticandspectacularmountainpresentsenchantingviews.*Withitsmajestyandspectacularity,theOldHatpresentsenchantingviews.*Withitsspectacularmajesty,theOldHatpresentsenchantingviews.山中怪石千姿百态，惟妙惟肖；*千姿百态：“千、百”，汉语的数字有时夸张，形容多的意思，各种各样。*姿态：姿势形态：postures,shape*惟妙惟肖：remarkablytruetolife;beabsolutelylifelike参考译文Itsuniquerocksofallshapesandposturescanfindtheirresemblanceinlife.清泉四季长流，瀑布溅石有声；*清：清澈limpid，crystalclear*四季:thefourseasons；allyearround*瀑布：waterfall,cataract,cascade（小）参考译文*Crystalclearspringkeepsrunningallyearround,withcascadessplashingdownontorocks(,creatingroars).动植物资源极其丰富；*Itaboundsinanimalandplantresources.各种花卉竞相开放，各种野果随处可见，*竞相：互相争胜contendfor/competefor…witheachother*Bloomingflowersofallsortscontendforbeautyandwildfruitsaregrowneverywhere.野生动物时隐时现；*时隐时现:时…时…：now…andthen…；nowappearandthendisappear*Occasionallyonecanseewildanimalshere.一些珍贵中草药材应有尽有，*中草药：Chineseherbalmedicine*药材：medicinalmaterials；crudedrugs*应有尽有：haveeverythingoneexpectstofind;ingreatplentyandvariety*Onecanalsofindsomekindsofvaluable/precious/rareChi