GPLGNU通用公共许可证的法律问题研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文GPL（GNU通用公共许可证）的法律问题研究姓名：金艳锋申请学位级别：硕士专业：经济法学指导教师：罗玉中20080601IGPLGPLv3GPLv2GPLv3GPLGPLGPLGPLGPLGPLGPLGPLGPL3GPLGPLDRMGPLGPLGPLGPLv3IIAbstractItisofgreattheoreticalandpracticalsignificancethatstudyingandunderstandingtherelevantlegalissuesofGPLGeneralPublicLicenseforitisthemostimportantopen-sourcesoftwarelicenseagreement.Withtherapiddevelopment,opensourcesoftwarepenetrateintoallaspectsofinformationindustrygradually,whichdealwithsomeimportantissuessuchasdigitalcopyrightandsoftwarepatents,andhassignificantimpactforIPR(intellectualpropertyright)protection.LastyearGPLv3(GPLthirdedition)hasbeenpublished,replacingtheGPLv2(GPLsecondedition),whichcausedagreatcontroversy.Afteranalyzingrelativeconcepts,characteristics,maincontents,thedistinctionbetweennewandoldGPLandintroducingthehistoryofGPL,theauthorattemptstoprobeintoseveralmainlegalissues,includingthemodeofsoftwareprotectionanddigitalrightsmanagementbythetheorytobalancetheinterestsofintellectualpropertyrights.Open-sourcesoftwareaimstorestrictprivatebodilesspropertyrightandmaximizetheprotectionoftheinterestsofthepublic.TheauthorpointedoutpersonalrecommendationsonChina'slegalsystemtoprotectthedevelopmentofopen-sourcesoftwareinourcountryafteranalysisofthesituationandtheirlegalregulationinvariouscountriessuchasAmerciaEUFranceandAustralia.Thispaperisdividedintosixparts.Thefirstpartwastheintroduction,whichmainlyincludethetheoreticalandpracticalsignificanceofprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsonGPL.ThesecondpartstudiedtheconceptandmeaningofGPLandanalyzedthespecificcontentofGPLinordertoprobeintonewdevelopmentandrelatedlegalissuesfromthedifferencebetweenthenewandoldGPLandtheGPLcontrasttootheropen-sourcesoftwarelicenses.ThethirdeditionofGPLwilladdressthemainissuesthatpreventGPLsoftwaremeetingwith“thetheftbythenameofpatent”andrestrictoperatethefreesoftwarebasedontheGPLagreementonsomeequipmentinstalledDRM(DigitalRightsManagement)program.ThethirdparttreatofpossibleriskwiththeopensourcesoftwareandbelieveshouldprotectspaciouspublicinterestsonthebasisoftheInterestsBalancedPrinciple.ThefourthpartdiscussedthechoiceofthemodeofsoftwareprotectionduetoGPLanddesignedtheIIImodeofsoftwareprotectionforourcountry.ThefifthpartanalyzedtheconflictbetweenGPLanddigitalrightsmanagementandbroughtforwardthelegislativeadvice.TheauthorthoughtthatrelativelegislativeprincipleofourcountryistheInterestsBalancedPrinciple,whichislimitingintellectualpropertyrightsandgivingprioritytosupplementthepublicinterest.ThefourthPartandfifthPartarethekeypartsofthepaper.Thesixthpartistheendofthepaper-asummary.Keywords:GPLv3OpensourcecodeInterestsbalancedprincipleSoftwarepatentsDigitalrightsmanagement1IDCLinux2007-20112006145023%IDC2007201121%20113800PCOEMPCGPLGeneralPublicLicenseLinuxGPL121991GPLv2GPL2GPLv2GPLv2GPLv22007629GPLv3(GPL3)16GPLv2GPLv3Linux32GPLv3GPLv3GPLv2GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3NovellGPLv3DRMDigitalRightsManagementGPLDRMGPLGPLv3LinuxGPLv3LinuxLinuxTorvaldsGPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv3GPLv33GPLv3GPLv3GPLv341GPL1.1GPL1.1.1341CommercialSoftware123..,2001(11):52...2.:,2002:23(“0”“1”)()52SharewareBBS3PubicDomainSoftware4FreeSoftware(FreeSoftwareFoundationFSF)free1234GNU.TheFreeSoftwareDefinition[EB/OL].()EricS.7RaymondOSIABrucePermsFreedom1.1.21983199180206070RichardStallman1983GNUGNUStallmanGNUGNUStallmanGNUcopyleftcopyrightGPLBrucePerms.OpenSources:VoicesfromtheOpenSourceRevolution[EB/OL].“GNU’sNotUuix”UuixUuixUuixUnixUnixWindowsLinnx8GNU199120071Linux21998Raymond3Linux4GPLGPLv31.1.3GPLGPLGPLGPL41LinuxLinux·LinusTorvaldsGPL1992LinuxGNUGNU/Linux9234GPL131GPLGPLGPLGPL2GPLGPLGPLGPLGPL101.2GPLGPLLGPLMPLBSD3GPLLGPLLGPLGPLGNUGPLLGPLGPLLGPLLGPLGPLMPL1998NetscapeMozillaMPLMPLMPLMPLMPLMPLBSDGPLMPLBSDBSDBSDBrianBehlendorf.OpenSourceasaBusinessStrategy[EB/OL].(NovellLinux)Novell4000“”NovellNovellSLESNovellNovell“LinuxWindows”TiVoTiVo13TiVoGPLDRMGPLv2GPLv3DRMGPLv3DRMDRMDRMDRMGPLv3GPLv31GPLv3GPL2GPL32GPLv3GPLv3GPLv33GPLv3StallmanGNUGPLv3GPLv34GPLv3StallmanStallmanGPLv3StallmanGPLv3Stallman1422.1235SusanHauserIT1?2003SCOSCOLinuxSCO15MySQLNovellGregJones2ITLinuxLinusTorvaldsDebianDebianFirefoxWebMozillaDebianFirefoxDebian“Iceweasel”Firefox32004Linux283235Linux1642VerizonVonageVonageVonageGPLGPLv32.21VerizonVonageIP,172RAM3“”SeeLeslieKurtz,“CopyrightandthenationalinformationinfrastructureintheUnitedStates”,1996,P122...:,2004:122.:——.,2006(11):6118141831142814190956197650199370199819987011Eldredv.Ashcroft45:“4011”1998“”“”20200311520“”1985191996Stallman..,2003(8):125PeterDrahos.APhilosophyofIntellectualProperty.Dart