It用法和强调句型讲与练解析

It用法和强调句型讲与练授课教师：叶军一、代词it.例如：(1).-----Whenshallwemeetagain？-----Makeitanydayyoulike；it’sallthesame．(NMET’96)(2).----CanIhelpyou,Sir？----Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butitdoesn’twork.(NMET’96)(3)．It’salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,especiallyifyoudon’tspeakthelanguage.(NMET’2000)(4).Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutitworkedoutverywell.(NMET’2001)(5).Acomputercanonlydowhatyouhaveinstructedittodo.(NMET’2001)总结：代替前文提到过的事物或将会发生的事情。例如：Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee.(NMET’2000春，上海)A.whoisitB.whoitisC.whoisheD.whichoneisit总结：指说话者心目中的人或指做某动作的人或与某物有关的人。可以代替指示代词this和that.(1).------Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday,willyou?------ButIfedityesterday.(NMET’99)(2).It’sthewindshakingthewindow.总结：指代除人以外的一切生物和事物。It和one都可以代替前文提到过的事物。其区别是：it用来代替特指的人或物,也就是被代替名词的本身，即“同名同物”，它只可代替单数名词；而one却是前文提到过的那类事物中的任何一个。［高考试题精选］(1).TheParkersboughtanewhousebutwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(NMET’2001)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which(2).Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpectedtobemuchbetter.(NEMT’93)A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it(3).Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave.(NMET’95)A.itB.thoseC.themD.one(4).-----Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?-----Didn’twejusthave?(NMET’2000)A.itB.thatC.oneD.this二、表示时间、距离、天气、季节以及其它自然现象或景观。it一般用作无人称动词句的主语。例如：1．时间；主要用于下面的句型中：(1).It’stime…“是该干…的时候了”It’stimetodosth.It’stimefor+n.It’stimeforsb.todosth.It’stime+that从句（从句谓语动词用过去时形式或should+动词原形）(2).It+be+…when从句“当…的时候”例如：Wasit8o’clockyouheardsomeoneatthedoor?A.when;knockingB.when;knockC.that;knockingD.that;knock(3).Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句…“自从…已有多长时间了”例如：-----WhatwasthePartylike?-----Wonderful.It’syearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.(NMET’93)A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since(4).It+be+一段时间+before从句“过多久才…”例如：Itwillbequitealongtimesheisbackagain,sodon’tbetoocrosswithher.(NMET’92)A.thatB.sinceC.beforeD.until(5).It’sthefirst(second,third…)time+主语+现在完成时，表示“这已是第一（二、三次…）做…”例如：-----Doyouknowourtownatall?-----No,It(This)isthefirsttimeIhere.(NMET’92)A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming2.距离：Howfarisittotherailwaystationfromhere?3．天气：Itoftenrainsinsummerandsnowsinwinterhere.4．季节：Itwaslateautumn.5．环境或情况：Itisdangerousandeverybodymustleave.Isitwellwithyou?Ⅲ.引导词it.1．it用作形式主语动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在句中作主语时，常用it作形式主语，放在句首，而把真正的主语放在后面。例如：(1).Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.(NMET’2001)（人们普遍认为教学不仅是一门科学，而且是一门艺术）(2).Havingsufferedsuchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolate(forpeople)tocleanuptheriver.(NMET’2001)(3).Ittakesalongtimetogotherebytrain;it’sbyroad.(NMET’93)A.quickB.thequickestC.muchquickD.quicker常用的句型有：a.Itis+adj.todosth.Itis+adj./n.(短语)+of/forsb.todosth.b.todoIt+v.+…+that+主+v.Whetherc.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.Itcosts/costsb.somemoneytodosth.adj.d.Itis+p.p.+that+主+v.a/an+n.Itseems/happens/appears+that+主+v.例：Itistrue/issaid/isafact/seemsthatheisill.常用的句型有：a.Itis+adj.todosth.Itis+adj./n.(短语)+of/forsb.todosth.b.todoIt+v.+…+that+主+v.Whetherc.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.Itcosts/costsb.somemoneytodosth.adj.d.Itis+p.p.+that+主+v.a/an+n.Itseems/happens/appears+that+主+v.例：Itistrue/issaid/isafact/seemsthatheisill.e.Itisnouse/good/needdoingsth.例：Itisnouselearningwithoutthinking.f.It+v.+sb.+…+that从句结构。g.Itis/wasuptosb.todosth.该由某人负责/决定做某事。Itisone’sturntodosth.该轮到某人做某事了。Whoseturnisittodosth?该轮到谁做某事了？[高考试题精选](1).isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET’95)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It(2).Doesmatterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?(NMET’91)A.thisB.thatC.heD.it(3).Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.(NMET’92)A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for(4).-------Shallwegotothebookstoreimmediately?-------.(NMET’2000,上海)A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.It’suptoyouC.Don’tmentionitD.That’sallright2.It用作形式宾语当宾语是不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置。常用于下面的句型中：feel/believe,makesb.+consider,regard,take+it+suppose,find,imagineadj.①.todo+宾补+②.从句名词（短语）③.Doing(注：如果it后的词是nogood,nouse/useless,noneed等，后面做真正宾语的用v-ing形式，而不用动词不定式。)[高考试题精选](1).Idon’tthinkpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(NMET’91)A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it(2).Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethingswhereyoucanfindthemagain.(NMET’98)(3).Ihatewhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET’99)A.itB.thatC.theseD.themⅣ.it用于强调句型中who强调句型：Itis(was)+强调成分+…可用that来强调原句子中的主语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语和间接宾语。强调的成分可以是一个词，一个短语，也可以是一个从句。(1).强调句型的时态要以原句的时态为依据。原句用现在时，强调句用is；若原句为过去时，强调句中则要用was。例如：Imethiminthestreetyesterday.（原句）→ItwashimthatImetinthestreetyesterday.（强调宾语him，原句met为过去时，强调句也用过去时was。）(2).要注意主谓一致性。例如：It’swewhoaretoanswerforit.It’sI,notmyparents,thatamwaitingforthebus.(3).强调时间、地点状语时不得用when和there取代that，也应避免使用which。(4).被强调的是疑问句，改为强调句后仍用疑问句结构。例：Whatdoyouwantmetodo?→Whatisitthatyouwantmetodo?(5).被强调的如果是not…until;because；onlyafter等状语从句时，习惯上用”Itis/wasnotuntil…that…”;“Itis(was)because…that…”,“Itwasonlyafter…that…”结构。例如：Itwasnotuntil1920regularradiobroadcastsbegan.(NMET’95)A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since(6).注意强调句型与其它句型的区别：强调句型和定语从句的区别主要从以下两方面考虑：1).强调句式“Itis(was)…that/who”可去掉，不影响句意，剩下的词能单独组成一个完整的句子，而包含定语从句的句子不能这样做。如：Itistomorrowthattheywillbegintheirwork.→Tomorrowtheywillbegintheirwork.2).Itis(was)后，若是名词及名词词组，其后一般是定语从句；若是副词、介词短语，则句子属强调句式。例：Itisinthehallameetingwasheld.(that/where)在此句中，若选