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㈠介词的归类Ⅰ简单介词:in,on,to,with,by,for,at,from,up,beyond,before,among,of,off,against,like,since,besides,behind,during等⒈about:*表时间,“大约,左右”Whatwereyoudoingataboutnineyesterday?昨天大约九点钟你在干什么?*表地点,“在…附近,到处”TheoldhunterusedtolivesomewhereabouttheGreatWall.老猎人曾在长城附近居住过。OnSundayspeoplewalkaboutthestreets.星期日人们在街上到处溜达。*关于Hetoldusastoryaboutacombathero.他给我们讲了一个战斗英雄的故事。*惯用法:beaboutto…即将做…What/Howabout…?…怎么样He’sabouttogoshopping.他就要去买东西。What/Howabouthavingarest?休息一会儿怎么样?⒉for*为了…(目的)Wemustresolutelysupportthepeoplefightingfortheirnationalliberation.我们必须要坚决支持为民族解放而斗争的人民。*对于…(对象)Hereisaletterforyou.这儿有你的一封信。*由于,因为…(原因,理由)Theteacherpraisedthestudentforhishonesty.老师表扬了这个学生的诚实。Don’tcriticizehimforhisdelay.不要因为延误而责备他。Heexcusedhimselfforbeinglate.他因迟到而请求原谅。Heblamedmefortheaccident.他将这个意外归咎于我。*交换Hesoldthehousefor50,000yuan.他以5万元的价格把房子卖了。*达到某一数值Shewroteachequefor£20.她写了一张20英镑的支票。*经历…之久(时间)IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我已学英语三年了。*赞成,拥护I’mforgettingupearlyandgoingtobedearly.我赞成早睡早起。*替…(代表)Pleasesaygood-byetoyoursisterforme.请替我向你姐告别。*惯用法:foronething首先forexample例如forever永远forthetimebeing暂时,目前forinstance例如forfree免费forthefirsttime第一次forsale出售,待售watchoutfor警惕longfor渴望forone’sgood为(某人)好⒊with*和…一起HeisplayingtabletenniswithTom.他在和汤姆打乒乓球。*用…工具Don’twritewithapencil.别用铅笔写。*随着Theweatherchangeswithseasons.气候随着季节而变化。*带有,具有Socialistconstructionneedspeoplewithspecializedknowledge.社会主义建设需要具有专门知识的人才。*行为方式Handlewithcare!小心轻放。*原因Sheshiveredwithcold.她冷得发抖。*惯用法:with的复合结构:常在句中作状语,表示伴随动作、行为方式及原因、条件或结果等情况。with+宾语+prep.adj./adv.doingtodo(表示要执行的动作)done(表示动作的完成及被动)⑴Sheoftensleepswiththewindowopen.(adj.)她经常开着窗户睡觉。⑵Hecameinwithabookinhishand.(prep.)他手里拿着本书进来了。⑶Shefeltscaredwithsomanypeoplelookingather.(doing)这么多人看着她,她感到害怕。⑷Hewasbroughtinwithhishandstiedback.(done)他双手绑在身后被带了进来。⑸Witheverythingbought,heleftthemarket.(done)买完了所需要的东西之后,他离开了市场。⑹Thekingcamein,withallhisservantsfollowinghim.(doing)国王进来了,身后跟着所有的仆人。⑺Withnothingtodo,hewentoutforawalk.由于没有什么事情可做,他便到外面散步。⑻Helefthisroomwiththelighton.(adv.)他离开了房间,灯亮着。⒋by*用于被动结构ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.这本书是鲁迅写的。*表地点,“靠近,在…的旁边”Thereisapumpingstationbytheriver.河边有一个抽水站。*表时间,“在…之前,不迟于”TheywillhavegottoQingdaobytheendofthisweek.周末之前他们将到达青岛。Youmusthandinyourhomeworkbytomorrow.你必须最迟明天交上作业。*表方法、手段Youwillmakeprogressonlybystudyinghard.你只有努力学习才能进步。*途径Heenteredbythebackdoor.他是从后门进来的。*表示按某物标准或单位Thecompanypaidmebythehour.公司按小时付给我钱。Eggsaresoldbythedozeninthissupermarket.在这个超市,鸡蛋是按打卖的。*根据,按照…Don’tjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.不要按照外表来判断一个人。*触及,持住某人的身体或衣物Itooktheboybythehand.我拉着小男孩的手。*表增减程度Hemissedthetargetbyaninch.他差一英寸就中靶了。Thewaterleveloftheriverroseby6metres.河里的水位上升了6米。*逐渐littlebylittle逐渐地daybyday一天天地yearbyyear一年年地stonebystone一块石头一块石头地onebyone一个一个地*乘坐bycar/bus/taxi/air/plane/ship/water*惯用法:bymistake由疏忽所至bynomeans决不byaccident偶然bychance偶然,碰巧byoneself独自byandby不久以后byfar…得多,最…⒌to*趋于,倾向(某种情况,性质等),至某种状态Hesaidthattheyshouldbehunguptodry.他说应该把它们挂起来晾干。Iwasmovedtotears.我感动得流泪。Hewassentencedtodeath.他被判死刑。Don’tbeathimtodeath.别把他打死。Thehousewasburnedtotheground.房子被烧为平地。*到(地点)LastweekherauntcametoShanghai.上周她姑姑来到了上海。*给Ioftenwritetomyuncle.我常给我叔叔写信。Hegaveapresenttohisfriend.他送给他朋友一件礼物。*差(时间)Itistentoeleven.差十分十一点。*比Thescoreis2to1.比分是2︰1。*伴随Hedancedtothemusic.他随着音乐跳舞。*惯用法:toone’s+名词=tothe+名词+ofsb.如:toone’sdelight=tothedelightofsb.使某人高兴的是toone’sjoy=tothejoyofsb.使某人高兴的是toone’ssorrow=tothesorrowofsb.使某人悲伤的是toone’sastonishment=totheastonishmentofsb.使某人大吃一惊的是toone’ssurprise=tothesurpriseofsb.使某人吃惊的是⒍off离…,从…离开ItisanislandoffthecoastofFrance.这是一个法国海岸附近的岛屿。Weswamanddivedofftherocksintothesea.我们游泳,从岩石上跳下潜水到海里去。Hefelloffhisbike.他从车子上跳下来。⒎through*通过,从一边进,从另一边出Shepushedherwaythroughthecrowd.她从人群中挤过。Waterflowsthroughthispipe.水流过这根管子。*由于Thewarwaslostthroughbadorganization.战争由于组织不当失败了。*从头至尾,由始至终Ireadthroughthebook.我看了一遍这本书。Idon’tthinktheoldmanwilllivethroughthenight.我看那个老人活不过今晚。*各处WetraveledthroughFrance.我们游遍了法国。Isearchedthroughallmypapers.我翻遍了所有的文件。⒏beyond表示位置在那一边,超出(范围、限度)Myhomeisbeyondthebridge.我家在桥那边。Thisisbeyondmycomprehension.这个我不理解。Thefruitwasbeyondmyreach.那水果我够不着。⒐against*反对,违背Weareagainstwaste.我们反对浪费。Itisfoolishtogoagainstthewillofthepeople.违反人民意志是愚蠢的。Wewillfightagainsttheenemy.我们将跟敌人战斗。*靠着,倚Isatagainstthewall.我靠墙坐着。*以…为背景,衬托Thepicturelooksgoodagainstthatlightwall.那张画在浅色墙的衬托下很好看。*防御Wearealltakingmedicineagainstthedisease.我们大家都在吃药预防那种病。*与…相反,逆着Wesailedagainstthewind.我们逆风行驶。⒑at*在(表空间、地点)Idon’tknowthemanstandingatthegate.站在大门口的那个人我不认识。*在…时刻(表时间)Weusuallygotoworkattwointheafternoon.我们通常在下午两点去上班。*以…(速度、价格)Theysoldtheirbeefatahighprice.他们以高价出售了牛肉。Thecarisrunningat100milesanhour.汽车正以每小时120英里的速度运行。Thetrainwasrunningat60milesanhour.火车以每小时60英里的速度前进。*处于…状态,从事于Thetwocountrieswereatwar.两国处于交战状态。Weareatworknow.我们现在在工作。*表示目标,意为“朝,对”Wehadaheatedargumentandshoutedateachother.我们进行了激烈的争论并相互指责。Heshotatthebirdbuthedidn’tshootit.他朝着那只鸟射击,但没射中。*与有情感的词语连用(如angry,delighted,glad,happy,sad,disappointed,shocked,excited等)表示产生这些感情的原因,“因为,对于”Iwassurprisedatthenews.听到这个消息我感到惊讶。Wewereindeepsorrowathisdeath.我们因他的死而深感悲痛。I’mgladathearingyourreturnhomefromCanada.听说你从加拿大回国我非常高兴。Hisparentsweredisappoint
本文标题:介词讲解(上)--悠嘻猴
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