语言学(英音与美音区别)

BritishEnglishVSAmericanEnglish⒈Grammar2.Vocabulary⒊Spelling⒋Pronunciation⒌ExpressionofdateandnumberMajordifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish:1.Grammar①Articlee.g.:BritishEnglish：ItwasaTuesdayandhewasn‘tbackatworkuntiltheWednesday.AmericanEnglish:ItwasTuesdayandhewasn‘tbackatworkuntilWednesday.WhileBritishusesarticle,Americandoesn’tuse.②Preposition(1)BritishEnglish：attheweekendAmericanEnglish：ontheweekend(2)BritishEnglish：Someparentsaretalkingaboutkeepingtheirchildrenoffschool.AmericanEnglish：Someparentsaretalkingaboutkeepingtheirchildrenoutofschool.1.Grammar2.Vocabulary(1)Thesamemeaningofdifferentwords:BritishEnglishAmericanEnglish电梯汽车饼干电影高速公路足球elevatorliftautomobilecarcookiebiscuitfilmmoviefreewaymotorwaysoccerfootballBritishEnglishAmericanEnglish一楼裤子(2)Thesameconceptofdifferentword:groundfloorfirstfloortrouserspants2.Vocabulary3.SpellingAmericanspaymoreattentiontopragmatism(实用主义),anddeletetheaphonic(不发音的)lettersinvocabulary.①英语单词中不发音的词尾：-me，-ueAmericanEnglishBritishEnglish公斤目录方案对话kilogramkilogrammecatalogcatalogueprogramprogrammedialogdialogue②英语中的以-our结尾的单词，在美语中删去了不发音的字母uAmericanEnglishBritishEnglish举止颜色最爱风味behaviorbehaviourcolorcolourfavoritefavouriteflavorflavour③英语中以-re结尾在美语中改为–er结尾AmericanEnglishBritishEnglish中心纤维公尺剧场centercentrefiberfibremetermetretheatertheatre④英语中某些以-ence为结尾的单词，在美语中改为-ense结尾，读音仍为/ns/AmericanEnglishBritishEnglish防御执照犯法行为托词defensedefencelicenselicenceoffenseoffencepretensepretence⑤英语中的-ise动词在美语中拼写为-izeAmericanEnglishBritishEnglish组织实现意识到organizeorganiseactualizeactualiserealizerealiseThereisaexception:AmericanEnglishBritishEnglish安装instalmentinstallment4.Pronunciation英语和美语在读音上的差异主要反映在:辅音字母r,l;元音字母a,o,的不同读音上。①Consonant⑴r：英音中，只在元音前有卷舌,/r/和后面的元音结合,美音中，在拼写中有r时发卷舌音/r/，/r/和前面的元音结合e.g.:clearanimosity/ᴂnimᴰsiti/，英语:clea-ranimosity美语:clear-animosity⑵l:辅音/l/前后有元音时BritishEnglish：/l/和后面的元音结合,AmericanEnglish：/l/和前面的元音结合，e.g.:Australia英音：Austra-lia美音：Austral-ia⑴a:Britishpronunciation:/a:/,e.g.:fast/fa:st/Americanpronunciation:/ᴂ/,e.g.:fast/fᴂst/4.Pronunciation⑵o:Britishpronunciation:/ᴰ/,e.g.:shop/ᶴᴰp/Americanpronunciation:/a/,e.g.:shop/ᶴap/②Vowel5.ExpressionofdateandnumberThepatternofBritishEnglish:dateisplacedatthefirstposition,monthinthemiddle,yearattheend;ThepatternofAmericanEnglish:dateisplacedinthemiddle,monthatthefirstposition.e.g.:thewritingof“1996年3月2号”：BritishEnglish:2ndMarch,1996AmericanEnglish:March2,1996(1)date5.ExpressionofdateandnumberForexample:1996年3月2号Reading:BritishEnglish:thesecondofMarch,1996AmericanEnglish:Marchthesecond,19965.ExpressionofdateandnumberReading:e.g.:$175（2）numberBritishEnglish:a(one)hundredandseventyfivedollars，AmericanEnglish:onehundredseventyfivedollars，(usuallydelete“and”)BritishEnglishusedoubleortriplebutAmericanEnglishdoesnotuseit.（3）toexpresscontinuousandthesamenumbere.g.:320112BritishEnglish:threetwozero,doubleonetwoAmericanEnglish:threetwozerooneonetwoe.g.:999BritishEnglish:ninedoublenine/triplenineAmericanEnglish:nineninenine/threenines