BEC高级module 5课件

LOGOModule5MoneyandFinanceGdutFunctionsofMoneyMediumofexchangeAunitofaccount:measuringthevalueofgoodsandservicesAtemporarystoreofvalueFinanceThemanagementofmoney财务管理；财政MinistryofFinance;Moneyusedtosupportanundertaking,fund:资金[finances]themoneythatanorganizationorpersonhas,andthewaythattheymanageit财源，财力，财务状况V：fund，toprovidemoneyforaprojectContentsMoneyexpressionAbankloanAcultureofdebtChoosinganinvestmentCompanyfinanceBusinesscostsMoneyexpressionMoneyoftencoststoomuch.RalphWaldoEmerson,Essayist1.It’sexpensivetoborrowmoney.2.Pursuingmoneyonlymakesyouneglectthemoreimportantthingsinlife.Invoiceinvoicesb(forsth)|invoicesth(tosb/sth)towriteorsendabillforworkyouhavedoneorgoodsyouhaveprovidedBeinvoicedforthegoodsN.listofgoodssoldorservicesprovidedwiththeprice(s)charged,espsentasabillCompare:bill,check;receipt,voucherAbankloanAloanisatypeofdebt.Likealldebtinstruments,aloanentailstheredistributionoffinancialassetsovertime,betweenthelenderandtheborrower.Inaloan,theborrowerinitiallyreceivesorborrowsanamountofmoney,calledtheprincipal(本金),fromthelender,andisobligatedtopaybackorrepayanequalamountofmoneytothelenderatalatertime.Typically,themoneyispaidbackinregularinstallments,orpartialrepayments.Theloanisgenerallyprovidedatacost,referredtoasinterestonthedebt,whichprovidesanincentiveforthelendertoengageintheloan.TypesofloansSecuredloan:aloaninwhichtheborrowerpledgessomeasset(e.g.acarorproperty)ascollateral(抵押物)fortheloan.Eg:mortgageloanUnsecuredloan:monetaryloansthatarenotsecuredagainsttheborrower'sassets.Eg:creditcarddebtDemandloan:shorttermloans(typicallynomorethan180days)thatareatypicalinthattheydonothavefixeddatesforrepaymentandcarryafloatinginterestratewhichvariesaccordingtotheprimerate.Theycanbecalledforrepaymentbythelendinginstitutionatanytime.Demandloansmaybeunsecuredorsecured.SecurityforaloanMortgagedpropertyAcar/house:mortgageloanBorrowersdonothaveacleartitleoveritandcannotsellitwithoutthelender'sconsent.AguarantorAperson,theguarantor,agreestopaybackthedebtiftheborrowercan'torwon't.UsefulTermsOutgoing(日常开支):themoneythatyouhavetospendregularly,forexampleonrentorfoodSecurity(抵押品):jewelry,insurancepolicies,realestate,etcthatcanbeusedtoguaranteethatonewillpaybackborrowedmoneyorkeepapromise,e.g.lendmoneyonsecurity.CivilService(政府机关)/CivilorPublicServant(公务员):Bodyofgovernmentemployeesentrustedwiththeadministrationofthecountry,andmandatedtocarryoutthepolicyofthegovernment.Blue-chipstocks(蓝筹股):Stocksissuedbylargecompaniesarecalledbluechipstocks.Becausethecompaniesarewellestablished,withsomewhatpredictableearnings,theirstockpricestendtofluctuatelessthanotherequitiesandthushaverelativelystableprices.Thesecompaniesoftenpaysteadydividends,givingtheinvestorincomeinadditiontothepotentialforcapitalappreciation.AcultureofdebtAlanGreenspan:AmericaneconomistservedasChairmanoftheFederalReserveoftheUnitedStatesfrom1987to2006.UsefulTermsRemortgaging(再抵押):Aremortgage(alsoknownasrefinancing)istheprocessofpayingoffonemortgagewiththeproceeds(收益)orearningsfromanewmortgageusingthesamepropertyassecurity.Oftenthepurposeofswitchingistosecureamorefavorableinterestratefromadifferentlender.Down-payment(定金/首期款):adepositorfirstinstallmentonsomethingbeforethefullamountispaid.Negativeequity(负资产):Negativeequityoccurswhenthevalueofanassetusedtosecurealoanislessthantheoutstandingbalanceontheloan.IntheUnitedStates,assets(particularlyrealestate,whoseloansaremortgages)withnegativeequityareoftenreferredtoasbeingunderwater,andloansandborrowerswithnegativeequityaresaidtobeupsidedown.Equity:1.[finance]themoneyforbusinessactivities(capital)thatacompanyobtainsbysellingsharesratherthanfromloans:股本toissue/raiseequityanequityinterest/stake(insth)equityholdings/investmentsequitymarkets/prices/valuesanequityanalyst/investor/trader2.(Finance;StockExchange)equities[pl.]sharesincompanies,especiallyordinaryshares;thebusinessoftradingshares:普通股票tobuy/hold/investin/sell/tradeequities3.(alsohomeequity,especiallyinAmE)[U])thevalueofapropertyafteralldebtshavebeenpaid:抵押资产的净值Equity=assets-liabilitiesTheyhave10yearsofmortgagepaymentsleftandabout$75000equityintheirhome.Homeequityloan（房屋净值贷款）atypeofloaninwhichtheborrowerusestheequityintheirhomeascollateral(抵押物).usefultofinancemajorexpensessuchashomerepairs,medicalbillsorcollegeeducation.Ahomeequityloancreatesalien(扣押权)againsttheborrower'shouse,andreducesactualhomeequity.Lien：righttokeepsb'spropertyuntiladebtowedinconnectionwithit(forrepair,transport,etc)ispaidEquityBorrowing(房屋淨值貸款)HomeequityborrowingEquityfinancing-orequityloans-areaflexibleformofborrowingsecuredbyyourhome.Homeequityloansletyoudrawontheinvestmentyouhaveinyourhometodoavarietyofthings,suchas:RenovateormakehomeimprovementsBuyanewcarPurchaseaninvestmentpropertyFinanceschoolormedicalfeesConsolidateyourdebtsEquityBorrowing(房屋淨值貸款)EquityexplainedEquityisthedifferencebetweenwhatyouoweonyourpropertyanditscurrentmarketvalue.Forexample,ifyourhomeisworth$200,000andtheprincipalremainingonyourmortgageis$40,000,th